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Magdalene asylums, also known as Magdalene laundries, were initially Protestant but later mostly Roman Catholic institutions that operated from the 18th to the late 20th centuries, ostensibly to house "fallen women". The term referred to female sexual promiscuity or sex workers, young women who became pregnant outside of marriage, or young girls and teenagers who did not have familial support. They were required to work without pay apart from meagre food provisions, while the institutions operated large commercial laundries, serving customers outside their bases.
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The Magdalene Sisters is a 2002 drama film written and directed by Peter Mullan, about three teenage girls who were sent to Magdalene asylums, homes for women who were labelled as "fallen" by their families or society. The homes were maintained by individual religious orders, usually by the Catholic Church.
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The Molyneux Asylum for Blind Females was opened June 1, 1815 in Peter Street, Dublin, in what was formerly the residence of Thomas Molyneux (1641-1733), whose sister-in-law, Lucy Domville, had been blind. The building had been sold to Philip Astley, operating as Astley's Amphitheatre from 1789 to 1812, then the actor Henry Johnstone, intended to develop it as a theatre, however it reverted back to the Molyneux and was leased to a charity as an asylum for blind women. There was an Anglican church attached to the asylum. Music was an important part of the school and worship in the chapel. R.W. Beaty was an organist and music instructor from 1824. Henry Charles Shellard was organist and choirmaster from 1901 to 1955. The chapel was called the Albert Chapel, honoring the Queen's Husband.
The Magdalene Laundries in Ireland, also known as Magdalene asylums, were institutions usually run by Roman Catholic orders, which operated from the 18th to the late 20th centuries. They were run ostensibly to house "fallen women", an estimated 30,000 of whom were confined in these institutions in Ireland.
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The Bethesda Chapel, Dublin, was an Episcopal Church of Ireland, church on Granby Row and Dorset Street, Dublin.
Episcopal Chapel and Asylum for Penitent Females, was Protestant "Magdalene" asylum for "fallen women" and an Episcopal Chapel on Upper Baggot Street in Dublin. It was located on the corner of Baggot Street Upper and Waterloo Road in Dublin. The asylum could accommodate 50 penitent women and the chapel could accommodate 1,200 worshipers, it was run by a committee of benevolent donors.
Dublin Female Penitentiary was a reform institution for "fallen women" in Dublin, Ireland. It was established in 1810 and opened in 1813. It was run by the Church of Ireland and located between Berkeley Road, Eccles Street and North Circular Road. The institution could cater for over 40 inmates.
Ulster Female Penitentiary and Laundry or Edgar Home, was a Mother and Baby home in Brunswick Street, Belfast. It evolved out of an institution founded in 1816. It was initially non-denominational. It was greatly expanded and developed when it came under Presbyterian control and Rev. John Edgar and the new home was opened in November 1839. Other denominations had their similar institutions in Belfast, such as the Catholic Good Shepherd Home, Ballynafeigh, and the Anglican Ulster Magdalene Asylum, Donegall Pass, also established in 1839.
Dublin by Lamplight or the Lamplight Laundry, at 35 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin, was a Protestant-run Magdalene Laundry, founded in 1856, that like other such laundries housed so-called "fallen women". It was administered by a committee of Anglican women, a matron, and a chaplain who was a Church of Ireland priest. The motto of the asylum was "That they may recover themselves out of the snares of the devil".
References
- 1 2 Government, politics and institutions in Belfast in the early 20th century, National Archives of Ireland.
- ↑ Our Parish – St Mary Magdalene.
- ↑ Northern Ireland: Mother and Baby Home victims call for public inquiry Amnesty International UK, June 14, 2017.
- ↑ Magdalene Asylum, Donegal Pass.
- ↑ Magdalene Asylum School, Donegal Pass, Belfast, Co. Antrim., Irish Architectural Archive.
- ↑ Magdamen Homes Northern Ireland www.childrenshomes.co.uk
- ↑ The Emergence of Probation Services in North East Ireland Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine by Brendan Fulton and Bob Webb, Irish Probation Journal, Volume 6, September 2009.
- ↑ Church History – Closure of Asylum, St. Mary Magdalene Church
- ↑ St Mary Magdalene Celebrates 175 years Diocese of Connor, December 3, 2014.