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The politics of Moldova take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, wherein the prime minister is the head of the Government of Moldova, and a multi-party system. The President of Moldova has no important powers. The government exercises executive power while the legislative power is vested in the Parliament. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The position of the breakaway region of Transnistria, relations with Romania and with Russia, and integration into the EU dominate political discussions.
Tiraspol is the capital of Transnistria, a breakaway state of Moldova, where it is the third largest city. The city is located on the eastern bank of the Dniester River. Tiraspol is a regional hub of light industry, such as furniture and electrical goods production.
Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldovan–Ukrainian border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. Transnistria has been recognised only by three other unrecognised or partially recognised breakaway states: Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia, and has a Russian military presence. Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester or as Stînga Nistrului.
Dubăsari or Dubossary is a city in Transnistria, with a population of 23,650. Claimed by both the Republic of Moldova and the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic, the city is under the latter's administration, and functions as the seat of the Dubăsari District.
Rîbnița or Rybnitsa is a town in Transnistria in Moldova. According to the 2004 census, it has a population of 53,648. Rîbnița is situated in the northern half of Transnistria, on the left bank of the Dniester, and is separated from the river by a concrete dam. The town is the seat of the Rîbnița District.
The Transnistria conflict is an ongoing frozen conflict between Moldova and the unrecognized state of Transnistria. Its most active phase was the Transnistria War. There have been several attempts to resolve the conflict, although none have been successful. The conflict may be considered as having started on 2 September 1990, when Transnistria made a formal sovereignty declaration from Moldova.
This is the history of Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as part of Moldova. Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldovan–Ukrainian border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank. See also the history of Europe.
The current Constitution of Transnistria was approved by national referendum on 24 December 1995, and signed into law by the President of Transnistria on 17 January 1996. As part of the territory's move towards market based reforms, it was modified on 30 June 2000.
The Joint Control Commission is a tri-lateral peacekeeping force and joint military command structure from Moldova, Transnistria, and Russia that operates in a demilitarized zone on the border between the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. The disputed territory between the two is controlled by the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic.
Transnistria's September 2, 1990, declaration of independence rests upon the following Four Pillars:
- Self-determination
- Transnistria's separate history from Moldova
- Actual distinctiveness
- Reversal of Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
The Union of Moldovans in Transnistria is a non-governmental organization based in Transnistria. Its 2005-2006 president was Valerianus Tulgar, a Moldovan born in the Bessarabian part of Moldavian SSR.
The Union of Bulgarians in Transnistria, also calling itself the Historical and Human Rights Center of Bulgaria, is a non-governmental organization based in Transnistria whose leader is Alene Nikolayev, an ethnic Bulgarian born in Transnistria. The union is composed of ethnic Bulgarians. Of the 35 nationalities represented in Transnistria, ethnic Bulgarians represent less than 2 percent.
The Union of Russian Communities in Transnistria is a non-governmental organization based in Transnistria. Its chairman is the archpriest Dionisiy Abramov, an ethnic Russian born in Transnistria.
Although most commonly known in English as Transnistria, the official name of the region is Pridnestrovie. Here is a detailed explanation of the names used for Transnistria, both official and unofficial, as they appear in the local languages and in English.
The Patriotic Party of Pridnestrovie was a political party in Transnistria.
The Communist Party of Pridnestrovie was a communist party in Transnistria, led by Vladimir Gavrilchenko. It was described by state media as the more "conservative" communist party in comparison to the Pridnestrovie Communist Party (PCP).
The mass media of Transnistria, the breakaway territory within the borders of Moldova, features both state-owned or supported outlets and opposition media. Publications are in Russian, with a single newspaper in each of the other two official languages, Moldovan (Romanian), and Ukrainian.
The Transnistrian passport is issued to citizens of Transnistria for the purpose of international travel and for the purpose of legal identification within Transnistria.
The Armed Forces of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic are the military forces of the unrecognized state of Transnistria. The Armed Forces fall under the leader ship of the Ministry of Defence. The Armed Forces were created on 6 September 1991 to maintain the sovereignty and independence of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, in accordance with Article 11 of the Republic's Constitution.
International recognition of Transnistria – a disputed region in Eastern Europe located between Moldova and Ukraine – is controversial. Although Transnistria declared independence in 1990, no United Nations member recognises its sovereignty and the region is considered by the UN to be part of Moldova. Currently, only Abkhazia, the Republic of Artsakh and South Ossetia recognise its independence, all themselves states with limited recognition. Despite not officially recognizing Transnistria's independence, Russia has close relations with Transnistria and even established a consulate in the territory.
References
- ↑ "Country facts | Pridnestrovie.net - Tiraspol, PMR: Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria)". pridnestrovie.net. Archived from the original on 23 April 2006. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
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