Uppland Runic Inscription 705

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Uppland Runic Inscription 705
U705, runsten, teckning av Johan Hadorph.jpg
Rundata ID U 705
Country Sweden
Region Uppland
City/Village Mobacka
Produced 11th Century
Runemaster Balle
Text – Native
Old Norse  : Olæifʀ ok Holmfastr/Hialmfastr o[k] ... ok Ænnibrantr þæiʀ letu ræisa stæin ... ... Balli ri[sti]. [1]
Text – English
Óleifr and Holmfastr/Hjalmfastr and ... and Ennibrattr, they had the stone raised ... ... Balli carved. [1]
Other resources
Runestones – Runic alphabet
Runology – Runestone styles

This runestone, designated as U 705 in the Rundata catalog, is located at Mobacka in Uppland, Sweden.

The Scandinavian Runic-text Data Base is a project involving the creation and maintenance of a database of runic inscriptions. The project's goal is to comprehensively catalog runestones in a machine-readable way for future research. The database is freely available via the Internet with a client program, called Rundata, for Microsoft Windows and ASCII text files for other operating systems.

Uppland Place in Svealand, Sweden

Uppland is a historical province or landskap on the eastern coast of Sweden, just north of Stockholm, the capital. It borders Södermanland, Västmanland and Gästrikland. It is also bounded by lake Mälaren and the Baltic sea. On the small uninhabited island of Märket in the Baltic, Uppland has a very short and unusually shaped land border with Åland, an autonomous province of Finland.

Sweden constitutional monarchy in Northern Europe

Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Scandinavian Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund, a strait at the Swedish-Danish border. At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the largest country in Northern Europe, the third-largest country in the European Union and the fifth largest country in Europe by area. Sweden has a total population of 10.2 million of which 2.4 million has a foreign background. It has a low population density of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre (57/sq mi). The highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.

Contents

Description

This runestone was depicted by Johan Hadorph during the 17th century. The stone later disappeared, but was recovered in 1926 when it was discovered that it had been used as a miller's stone. Many runestones were used as building materials for buildings, roads, bridges, and other uses before their historic significance was understood.

Johan Hadorph Swedish antiquarian

Johan Hadorph was a Swedish director-general of the Central Board of National Antiquities. In 1667, he was appointed assessor at the government agency for antiquities, and in 1679, he became its director-general. Hadorph documented ancient monuments during extensive voyages in Sweden, and he collected a great many older manuscripts, such as collections of laws. He also made many drawings of runestones, and supervised the production of more than 1000 woodcuts of runestones.

The runestone is signed by the runemaster Balle, who was active in Sweden in the second half of the 11th century. It is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr3, [1] also known as the Urnes style. This runestone style is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns. The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond-shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks.

Runemaster specialist in making runestones

A runemaster or runecarver is a specialist in making runestones. More than 100 names of runemasters are known from Viking Age Sweden with most of them from 11th century eastern Svealand. Many anonymous runestones have more or less securely been attributed to these runemasters. During the 11th century, when most runestones were raised, there were a few professional runemasters. They and their apprentices were contracted to make runestones and when the work was finished, they sometimes signed the stone with the name of the runemaster. Many of the uncovered runic inscriptions have likely been completed by non-professional runecarvers for the practical purposes of burial rites or record-keeping. Due to the depictions of daily life, many of the nonprofessional runecarvers could have been anything from pirates to soldiers, merchants, or farmers. The layout of Scandinavian towns provided centers where craftspeople could congregate and share trade knowledge. After the spread of Christianity in these regions, and the increase in runic literacy that followed, runes were used for record-keeping and found on things like weapons, ivory, and coins.

Balle (runemaster)

Balle or Red-Balle was a runemaster who was active in the areas of western Uppland, Västmanland, and northern Södermanland of Sweden during the second half of the 11th century.

Inscription

A transliteration of the runic inscription into roman letters is:

[* ulaifr * tuk hiulmfastr * au... ...u- auk] * (e)(n)[ibrantr] * þair * litu * [raisa * s](t)ain * [þ... ...ui-... bali * ri...] [1]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk - Rundata entry for U 705.

Coordinates: 59°32′27″N17°21′15″E / 59.5409°N 17.3543°E / 59.5409; 17.3543

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

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