Victor Auguste Duperré (4 August 1825 – 26 March 1900) was a French naval commander.
He was born in Paris,and served as Commander of the Naval Division of the Western Coasts of Africa,effectively Colonial head of Gabon ("Colony of Gorée and Dependencies") between 1869 and 1870. He later became governor of Cochinchina (1874–1877).
The action of 3 July 1810 was a minor naval engagement of the Napoleonic Wars,in which a French frigate squadron under Guy-Victor Duperréattacked and defeated a convoy of three British East Indiamen near the Comoros Islands. During the engagement,the British convoy put up strong resistance and suffered heavy casualties,but two East Indiamen were eventually forced to surrender. These were the British flagship Windham,which held off the French squadron to allow the surviving ship Astell to escape,and Ceylon. The engagement was the third successful French attack on an Indian Ocean convoy in just over a year,the French frigates being part of a squadron operating from the Île de France under Commodore Jacques Hamelin.
Admiral of France Guy-Victor Duperré was a French Navy officer. He is known for commanding French naval forces in the Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811 and was victorious in the Battle of Grand Port,where he was wounded. Later he had a command in the Mediterranean and continued to serve during and after the Bourbon Restoration. He commanded the naval elements of the expeditionary force that carried out the Invasion of Algiers in 1830 and went on to become Minister of the Navy three times.
Siméon Bourgois was a 19th-century French Navy vice-admiral who was especially involved in the development of early submarines. He was born in Thionville,Lorraine,on 26 March 1815,and died in Paris on 24 December 1887.
The Battle of Grand Port was a naval battle fought on 20–27 August 1810 between squadrons of frigates from the French Navy and the British Royal Navy over possession of the harbour of Grand Port on Île de France,as part of the Mauritius campaign during the Napoleonic Wars. A British squadron of four frigates sought to blockade the port to prevent its use by the French through the capture of the fortified Île de la Passe at its entrance. This position was seized by a British landing party on 13 August and,when a French squadron under Captain Guy-Victor Duperréapproached the bay nine days later,the British commander,Captain Samuel Pym,decided to lure them into coastal waters where his forces could ambush them.
Sir Nesbit Josiah Willoughby was an officer in the British Royal Navy who was knighted in 1827 and made rear-admiral in 1847. He is related to Sir Hugh Willoughby,who also figures in British naval history.
Antoine Léon Morel-Fatio was a French painter and politician who served as the Peintre de la Marine in 1854. Born in Rouen,Normandy,he added "Fatio" to his surname in 1844 to distinguish himself from a businessman of the same name. Morel-Fatio subsequently moved to Paris,where he painted marine art and was appointed as the curator of the naval and ethnographic sections of the Louvre in addition to serving as the mayor of the 20th arrondissement of Paris. In 1871,he died of a myocardial infarction during the Franco-Prussian War after witnessing Prussian Army troops entering the Louvre.
Formidable was an ironclad barbette ship built for the French Navy between her keel laying in late 1879 and her completion in early 1889. She was the second and final member of the Amiral Baudin class. The ships of the class was designed in response to Italian naval expansion,and carried a main battery of three 370 mm (14.6 in) guns all mounted in open barbettes on the centerline. The armament was chosen after public pressure to compete with the very large guns mounted on the latest Italian ironclads.
Amiral Duperré was an ironclad barbette ship built for the French Navy in the 1870s and 1880s;she was the first vessel of that type built by France. She carried her main battery of four 34 cm (13.4 in) guns individually in open barbette mountings,which offered increased fields of fire compared to earlier central battery ships,though they were less well protected. Amiral Duperré was ordered as part of a French naval construction program aimed at countering the growth of the Italian fleet,which had begun work on the very large ironclads of the Duilio and Italia classes in the early 1870s. The Italian vessels,armed with 45 cm (17.7 in) guns,prompted public outcry in France that pressured the navy to develop larger guns for its own ships. Amiral Duperré's design served as the basis for several follow-on classes,including the Bayard and Amiral Baudin classes.
Events from the year 1825 in France.
The Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811 was a series of amphibious operations and naval actions fought to determine possession of the French Indian Ocean colonies of Isle de France and Isle Bonaparte during the Napoleonic Wars. The campaign lasted from the spring of 1809 until the spring of 1811,and saw both the Royal Navy and the French Navy deploy substantial frigate squadrons with the intention of disrupting or protecting trade from British India. In a war in which the Royal Navy was almost universally dominant at sea,the campaign is especially notable for the local superiority enjoyed by the French Navy in the autumn of 1810 following the British disaster at the Battle of Grand Port,the most significant defeat for the Royal Navy in the entire conflict. After their victory,the British used the original Dutch name of Mauritius for Isle de France. In 1814,Isle Bonaparte was returned to France,who eventually renamed it La Réunion.
The French frigate Minerve was originally launched in 1788 for the Portuguese Navy,where she served under the dual names of Nossa Senhora da Vitória and Minerva. The French Navy captured and renamed her in November 1809,after which she played a notable role in the Indian Ocean campaign of 1809-1811,participating in the defeat of a Royal Navy frigate squadron at the Battle of Grand Port,but at the surrender of Mauritius in December 1810,the ship was handed over to the British,and seems to have been broken up soon afterwards.
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Lucius Curtis,2nd Baronet,KCB was a Royal Navy officer. The son of Roger Curtis,Lord Howe's flag captain at the Glorious First of June,Curtis served in the Napoleonic Wars. During the Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811,he commanded the frigate HMS Magicienne as part of a blockade squadron under Josias Rowley and was still in command when the ship was destroyed at the Battle of Grand Port. Magicienne grounded on a coral reef early in the engagement and despite the best efforts of Curtis and his crew,the ship had to be abandoned,and was set on fire to prevent her subsequent capture.
The invasion of Algiers in 1830 was a large-scale military operation by which the Kingdom of France,ruled by Charles X,invaded and conquered the Deylik of Algiers.
Alexandre Louis Ducrest de Villeneuve was a French naval officer and admiral.
Auguste-Nicolas Vaillant was a French sailor who worked his way up through the ranks from common seaman to rear-admiral. In 1836–37 he captained a 21-month voyage round the globe in which the scientists made many useful botanical and zoological observations,later described in an 11-volume illustrated account. He was briefly Minister of Navy and Colonies in 1851 during the French Second Republic.
François Timothée Benjamin Pestel was a French naval engineer of the Age of Sail. He was the younger brother of the French ship builder and naval architect Jean-Louis Pestel.
Events from the year 1788 in Russia
Louis Charles Georges Jules Lafont was a French naval officer who was Governor of Cochinchina from 1877 to 1879. He joined the navy at the age of sixteen,rose steadily through the ranks,and served in Vietnam,the Philippines,West Africa,the Crimea,the Baltic,the Indian Ocean,China and East Africa. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 he was given command of land troops. After returning from Cochinchina he held various senior naval commands,including commander in chief of the training squadron from 1885 to 1886.
The Shipwreck of Dellys took place in May 1830,during the French conquest of Algeria. It involved French troupes coloniales,under captains Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794-1846) and Armand Joseph Bruat (1796-1855),who were captured by the resistance fighters of the town of Dellys in Kabylia of the Igawawen.
Vice-Admiral Edouard Suenson was a Danish naval officer known for his participation in the First and Second Schleswig War. He served as the main Danish commander at the Battle of Heligoland in the latter.
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