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The Vineyard Golf Club on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, opened in 2002 and uses no synthetic pesticides, fertilizers or herbicides [1] making it the only organic golf course in the U.S. that uses organic turf management. [2]
Fearing pollution of the island's only aquifer, community members required the Vineyard Golf Club use organic management before permitting it to open. [3]
The superintendent at the Vineyard Golf Club from 2002-2015, Jeff Carlson, was the recipient of the 2003 GCSAA/Golf Digest Environmental Leaders in Golf Award and is the 2008 winner of the President's Award for Environmental Stewardship. Carlson has used the course as a test site for new maintenance practices and products which have helped other courses become more environmentally friendly. [1]
The Vineyard Golf Club gained further press coverage in 2009 when President Barack Obama played the course, and then in 2010 when he returned to Martha's Vineyard and played the course multiple times. [4]
Golf Magazine published a report about organic golf courses and reported that golfers have unrealistic expectations of golf course greens, which causes the use of pesticides by course superintendents. Researchers Kit Wheeler and John Nauright call this phenomenon “Augusta National Syndrome.” [3]
Kevin Banks succeeded Carlson as superintendent.
To lessen pest pressure, the training employs cultural strategies like rolling. It keeps a test field where new grass varieties are tested for disease and insect resistance. The course uses biological fungicides and organic pesticides listed with the Organic Materials Review Institute. [3]
Padthaway is a small town in the Australian state of South Australia located in the state's south-east within the Limestone Coast region about 253 kilometres south east of the state capital of Adelaide and about 41 kilometres south-east of the municipal seat of Bordertown. The name is derived from the Potawurutj, the Aboriginal name word for cover or bury. Padthaway is in the Tatiara District Council, the state electorate of MacKillop and the federal Division of Barker.
Pesticides are substances that are used to control pests. They include herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, and many others. The most common of these are herbicides, which account for approximately 50% of all pesticide use globally. Most pesticides are used as plant protection products, which in general protect plants from weeds, fungi, or insects. In general, a pesticide is a chemical or biological agent that deters, incapacitates, kills, or otherwise discourages pests. Target pests can include insects, plant pathogens, weeds, molluscs, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microbes that destroy property, cause nuisance, or spread disease, or are disease vectors. Along with these benefits, pesticides also have drawbacks, such as potential toxicity to humans and other species.
Organic lawn management or organic turf management or organic land care or organic landscaping is the practice of establishing and caring for an athletic turf field or garden lawn and landscape using organic horticulture, without the use of manufactured inputs such as synthetic pesticides or artificial fertilizers. It is a component of organic land care and organic sustainable landscaping which adapt the principles and methods of sustainable gardening and organic farming to the care of lawns and gardens.
A golf course is the grounds on which the sport of golf is played. It consists of a series of holes, each consisting of a tee box, a fairway, the rough and other hazards, and a green with a cylindrical hole in the ground, known as a "cup". The cup holds a flagstick, known as a "pin". A standard round of golf consists of 18 holes, and as such most courses contain 18 distinct holes; however, there are many 9-hole courses and some that have holes with shared fairways or greens. There are also courses with a non-standard number of holes, such as 12 or 14.
The organic movement broadly refers to the organizations and individuals involved worldwide in the promotion of organic food and other organic products. It started during the first half of the 20th century, when modern large-scale agricultural practices began to appear.
Biodynamic wines are wines made employing the biodynamic methods both to grow the fruit and during the post-harvest processing. Biodynamic wine production uses organic farming methods while also employing soil supplements prepared according to Rudolf Steiner's formulas, following a planting calendar that depends upon astrological configurations, and treating the earth as "a living and receptive organism."
Vinclozolin is a common dicarboximide fungicide used to control diseases, such as blights, rots and molds in vineyards, and on fruits and vegetables such as raspberries, lettuce, kiwi, snap beans, and onions. It is also used on turf on golf courses. Two common fungi that vinclozolin is used to protect crops against are Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. First registered in 1981, vinclozolin is widely used but its overall application has declined. As a pesticide, vinclozolin is regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. In addition to these restrictions within the United States, as of 2006 the use of this pesticide was banned in several countries, including Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. It has gone through a series of tests and regulations in order to evaluate the risks and hazards to the environment and animals. Among the research, a main finding is that vinclozolin has been shown to be an endocrine disruptor with antiandrogenic effects.
Golf Digest is a monthly golf magazine published by Warner Bros. Discovery through its TNT Sports unit. It is a generalist golf publication covering recreational golf and men's and women's competitive golf. The magazine started by John F. Barnett in 1950 in Chicago, moved to Connecticut in 1964 and was sold to The New York Times Company in 1969. The Times company sold their magazine division to Condé Nast in 2001. The headquarters of Golf Digest is in New York City relocated from Connecticut. On May 13, 2019, Discovery, Inc. acquired Golf Digest from Condé Nast, in order to integrate with GolfTV.
Aronimink Golf Club is a private country club in the eastern United States, located in Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, a suburb west of Philadelphia. Its championship layout is consistently rated among the nation's top golf courses. Aronimink is currently ranked 78th in Golf Digest's "Greatest Courses," 44th in "Toughest Courses" and 55th in Golfweek's "Classic Courses." In 2010, Aronimink was ranked #4 among the toughest courses on the PGA Tour by Links magazine.
The Reserve Vineyards & Golf Club is a 36-hole private and public golf club in the northwest United States, located near Hillsboro, Oregon, a suburb west of Portland.
West Chop is a residential area located in the town of Tisbury, Massachusetts on the north end of the island of Martha's Vineyard. It is a peninsula surrounded on the north and west by Vineyard Sound and on the east by Vineyard Haven Harbor. A lighthouse, West Chop Light, stands at the north end of the chop. It is accessible by car from Vineyard Haven by two roads, Franklin Street and Main Street.
Pentachloronitrobenzene, typically abbreviated PCNB, is a registered fungicide formally derived from nitrobenzene. It is a off-white to yellow crystalline solid with a musty odor.
The environmental impact of agriculture is the effect that different farming practices have on the ecosystems around them, and how those effects can be traced back to those practices. The environmental impact of agriculture varies widely based on practices employed by farmers and by the scale of practice. Farming communities that try to reduce environmental impacts through modifying their practices will adopt sustainable agriculture practices. The negative impact of agriculture is an old issue that remains a concern even as experts design innovative means to reduce destruction and enhance eco-efficiency. Animal agriculture practices tend to be more environmentally destructive than agricultural practices focused on fruits, vegetables and other biomass. The emissions of ammonia from cattle waste continue to raise concerns over environmental pollution.
Agricultural pollution refers to biotic and abiotic byproducts of farming practices that result in contamination or degradation of the environment and surrounding ecosystems, and/or cause injury to humans and their economic interests. The pollution may come from a variety of sources, ranging from point source water pollution to more diffuse, landscape-level causes, also known as non-point source pollution and air pollution. Once in the environment these pollutants can have both direct effects in surrounding ecosystems, i.e. killing local wildlife or contaminating drinking water, and downstream effects such as dead zones caused by agricultural runoff is concentrated in large water bodies.
The Hyannisport Club is a private club located in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts. The club's origins spring from a late 19th century summer resident and golf enthusiast named John Reid who created a handful of holes against Nantucket Sound. Over subsequent decades, the club purchased more land and eventually expanded into a full 18-hole course. In the 1930s, Hyannisport was re-designed by the famed golf course architect Donald Ross. The course is also strongly associated with the Kennedy family. It was a "deciding factor" for Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. to purchase a summer house in the village and was the home course of President John F. Kennedy. Hyannisport remains one of the most notable clubs in the state, having been voted one of the top courses in Massachusetts by The Boston Globe and Golf Digest.
Riverside Golf Course is an 18-hole municipal public golf course owned by the city of Portland, Maine, United States. It is located on the banks of the Presumpscot River.
Howard Garrett, known as "the Dirt Doctor" is a radio talk show host and a leader of the Organic movement. He is a health activist, arborist, newspaper columnist and organic activist living in Dallas, Texas. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Park Administration and Landscape Architecture from Texas Tech University in 1969. After serving in the U.S. Marine Corps Reserve, Garrett worked at Club Corporation of America, where he was a laborer and assistant golf course superintendent.
Farm Neck Golf Club is a semi-private golf club located in Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, United States. In the 1970s, a real estate company named Strock Enterprises intended to create a golf course and housing developments on a peninsula within the town but locals felt they were not maintaining a conservationist ethic. The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts ruled against Strock which soon thereafter went bankrupt. Farm Neck Associates then bought the territory and created a golf course with the intent to preserve the environment. The 18-hole course has earned plaudits from notable publications and hosted President Clinton and President Obama while on vacation.
Fox Harb'r Golf Resort & Spa is a golf-focused resort in Fox Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada. The 1,100-acre (450-hectare) property was owned by Canadian businessman Ron Joyce and opened in 2000. The course was designed by Graham Cooke and has a par of 72. In addition to the course, the resort has a spa, marina, hunting lodge, winery, and private air strip.
Michael John Hurdzan is an American golf course architect, author, and a retired United States Army colonel, who served with the United States Army Special Forces. He is a member and past president of the American Society of Golf Course Architects (ASGCA), who is noted for designing and renovating many golf courses and clubs, including U.S. Open golf courses.
41°23′27″N70°33′29″W / 41.39083°N 70.55806°W
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