Wamus

A wamus is a type of jacket worn in the United States. The term is applied to several different types of upper-body garment.

Early American history

One of the more consistent uses of wamus is to describe a fringed leather tunic that slips over the head. ^{[1] [2]} For early American pioneer families in the Southern United States, the buckskin (later, cloth) wamus was widely worn by young and pre-teen boys in the late 18th and very early 19th century. ^[3] The wamus, if it opened down the front, was either laced shut or held closed with a belt, with dressier versions made from elk skin. ^[1] If made from cloth, the wamus was dyed blue and trimmed with yellow fringe. ^[1]

As worn by the Lakota people, the wamus was a ceremonial tunic which was coloured to represent the type of person the wearer was, as well as painted with mnemonic designs. ^[2] Traditionally, if a warrior had scalped his enemy, he was allowed to trim his wamus with human hair cut from the heads of mourning women in addition to the cut fringe. ^[2]

Later history

The wamus eventually came to describe a sleeved jacket or cardigan, typically with buttoned wristbands and a belt-like waistband, in which format, it was also sometimes called a roundabout. ^{[4] [5] [6]}

For Sunday best and other special occasions Amish men wear a jacket called a wamus, distinct from the 'mutze' traditionally worn for preaching. ^{[7] [8]}

See also

• Zouave jacket

References

1. Wilcox, R. Turner (2004). Five centuries of American costume (Dover ed.). Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications. pp.  42–43. ISBN   9780486436104.
2. Walker, James R. (1992). DeMallie, Raymond J. (ed.). Lakota society (1. Bison Book printing ed.). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 102. ISBN   9780803297371.
3. Dick, Everett (1993). The Dixie frontier : a social history of the Southern frontier from the first transmontane beginnings to the Civil War ([Repr. der Ausg.] New York, 1948. ed.). Norman [u.a.]: Univ. of Oklahoma Press. ISBN   9780806123851.
4. Picken, Mary Brooks (1999). A dictionary of costume and fashion : historic and modern. Courier Corporation. pp. 188–189. ISBN   9780486141602.
5. Krohn, Katherine (2012). Calico dresses and buffalo robes : American West fashions from the 1840s to the 1890s. Minneapolis: Twenty-first Century Books. ISBN   9780761358909.
6. "Roundabout". The American Tailor and Cutter. 23. Jno. J. Mitchell Company: 125. 1902. Roundabout — A name for a certain kind of jacket. (See Wamus.)
7. Schwieder, Elmer; Schwieder, Dorothy (2009). A peculiar people Iowa's old order Amish : an expanded edition (1st University of Iowa Press ed.). Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. ISBN   9781587298486.
8. Hostetler, John A. (2005). "The Amish use of symbols (1964)". In Weaver-Zercher, David (ed.). Writing the Amish : the worlds of John A. Hostetler. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN   9780271026862.