The Warszewo transmitter entered service in 1949 as medium wave broadcasting station, active in 1949–1950 on 1302kilohertz (kHz), between 1950 and 1955 on 1259kHz and between 1955 and 1978 on 1304kHz. After the Geneva Frequency Plan went in service on November 22–23, 1978, it broadcast on 1260kHz with a power of 160kW and was therefore receivable at night time in all of Europe.
The Warszewo transmitter, which used as its antenna a 113metres tall guyed mast radiator insulated against ground,[clarification needed] stopped medium wave broadcasting on January 2, 1998. The mast was transformed afterwards into a mast for FM transmission, whereby its height increased to 114metres. The basement insulator was bridged and its guys, divided by insulators, were replaced by guys without insulators.
Medium wave (MW) is a part of the medium frequency (MF) radio band used mainly for AM radio broadcasting. The spectrum provides about 120 channels with more limited sound quality than FM stations on the FM broadcast band. During the daytime, reception is usually limited to more local stations, though this is dependent on the signal conditions and quality of radio receiver used. Improved signal propagation at night allows the reception of much longer distance signals. This can cause increased interference because on most channels multiple transmitters operate simultaneously worldwide. In addition, amplitude modulation (AM) is often more prone to interference by various electronic devices, especially power supplies and computers. Strong transmitters cover larger areas than on the FM broadcast band but require more energy and longer antennas. Digital modes are possible but have not reached momentum yet.
The Warsaw Radio Mast was a radio mast located near Gąbin, Poland, and was the world's tallest structure at 2,120 ft from 1974 until its collapse on 8 August 1991. The mast was designed for extreme height in order to broadcast Communist propaganda around the world, including to the remotest areas such as Antarctica. As of 2023, it was the third-tallest manmade structure ever built, after the Burj Khalifa tower in the United Arab Emirates in 2009, and Merdeka 118 tower in Malaysia in 2022.
The longwave transmitter Raszyn is a longwave broadcasting transmitter near Raszyn, Poland. It was built in 1931 and rebuilt in 1949. The designer of the mast is unknown. It has been claimed that the rebuilt tower consists of sections from the radio mast of former Deutschlandsender Herzberg/Elster; however, there is no proof of this theory. The mast of the Raszyn longwave transmitter was, at inauguration, the second-tallest man-made structure on earth and until 1962, with a height of 335 metres, the tallest structure in Europe. The tower's height is 1,099 feet.
The Langenberg transmission tower is a broadcasting station for ananlog FM Radio and Digital-TV signals. It is located in Langenberg, Velbert, Germany and owned and operated by Westdeutscher Rundfunk, WDR.
The Transmitter Ismaning was a large radio transmitting station near Ismaning, Bavaria, Germany. It was inaugurated in 1932. From 1932 to 1934 this transmitter used a T-antenna as transmitting antenna, which was spun between two 115-metre-high free-standing wooden lattice towers, which were 240 metres apart. As this antenna had an unfavourable vertical radiation pattern, which produced much skywave resulting in a too small fading-free reception area at night, in 1934 a new antenna was installed. Therefore, one of the towers was dismantled and rebuilt on a 39-metre-high (128 ft) wooden lattice base. While this work took place, an L-Antenna was used, which was spun between the other tower and a small auxiliary wooden tower. It became defunct in 1977 and was destroyed in 1983.
Transmitter Berlin-Britz was a broadcasting facility for medium wave, shortwave and FM on the site of a former tree nursery in Berlin-Britz. It was established in 1946 and until 1993 it was the most important transmitter of RIAS. It was used by Deutschlandradio until 4 September 2013, and was finally demolished on 18 July 2015.
Bodenseesender was a radio transmission facility of VoA, US SWR near Meßkirch-Rohrdorf in Southern Germany for medium wave established in 1964. It shut down on January 8, 2012, and one month later, on February 7, 2012, the last mast was demolished.
The Rheinsender is an FM radio transmission site for the German Südwestrundfunk regional public broadcasting system. The Rheinsender is located near Wolfsheim, southwest of Mainz.
The Weißkirchen radio transmitter was a medium-wave broadcasting facility located near Weißkirchen, Oberursel, Germany. It was the most powerful European AM transmitter of the American Forces Network and transmitted on 873 kHz with a power of 150 kilowatts. It started operation in May 1951 on 872 kHz and moved its frequency to 873 kHz in 1978 according to the regulations of Waveplan of Geneva. The transmitter ceased broadcasting on 31 May 2013, and was decommissioned in September 2014. Its aerial consisted of three guyed lattice steel masts built in 1954–55. These masts, each eighty-six metres tall and insulated against ground, were arranged in a row with a distance of 140 metres between each mast. On 23 April 2015 the aerial was dismantled.
The Monte Ceneri transmitter was first established as the nationwide medium-wave radio transmission station for Italian-speaking Switzerland in 1933. Located on Monte Ceneri in Ticino, it broadcast on a frequency of 558 kHz.
The Mediumwave transmitter Lopik was a medium wave broadcasting facility near Lopik in the Netherlands. It was constructed in 1938 and destroyed on September 1, 2015. Its last use was to transmit the Dutch language edition of Radio Maria on 675 kHz. The aerial consisted of a 196-metre (643 ft) guyed steel framework mast, which was insulated against ground.
The mediumwave transmitter Flevoland was a broadcasting facility for medium wave near Zeewolde in the province of Flevoland, Netherlands, situated at 5°25′ E and 52°23′ N. It has been used for broadcasting on 747 kHz and 1008 kHz with a nominal power of 400 kilowatts. As aerial two guyed steel framework masts with a height of 195 metres are used, which form an anti-fading aerial. These masts are grounded and carry a cage aerial, which is upperward the separation insulator, separating the masts in a height of 95 metres in two parts, connected toward the mast construction. The radiation diagram is directional, with a maximum gain of 4 dB in South-Eastern direction, to compensate for the variation in electrical admittance of terrain in the Netherlands.
Deutschlandfunk is a public-broadcasting radio station in Germany, concentrating on news and current affairs. It is one of the four national radio channels produced by Deutschlandradio.
The RKS Liblice 2 are two 355 m (1,165 ft) tall guyed masts located east of Prague near Liblice, in close proximity of the RKS Liblice 1. These lattice steel towers are built 120 m (390 ft) apart from each other, what formed a slightly directional radiation pattern directed towards Spanish Madrid transmitter on the same frequency. The masts carry a special anti-fading cage aerials. Designed by Jan Šťovíček, these supertall towers currently stand as the tallest towers in the world used for broadcasting in the medium-wave range. RKS Liblice-2 was built in 1976, and is used for broadcasting on 639 kHz, with a period of inactivity from January 2022 to September 2023. During construction, two new transmitter devices of the type Tesla SRV 750 with an output power of 750 kW were installed. At first, these transmitters were switched in parallel for a transmission power of 1500 kW, after 1990 only 750 kW was used for broadcasting. Since 2023, the transmitter broadcasts with only 20 kW of power, a significant lowering. The old transmitter device was replaced with a semiconductor type TRAM one.
The Domžale radio transmitter is a former facility for medium wave broadcasting in Domžale, in Slovenia. The transmitter is fully transistorized. It could be received easily at a medium wave frequency of 918 kHz across the whole of Europe at night-time. It was the strongest radio transmitter of the Republic of Slovenia, broadcasting the first national radio channel.
The Wiederau transmitter is the oldest broadcasting facility in Saxony. It is located near Wiederau, a village which is part of the municipality of Pegau, and is used for medium-wave, FM and Television broadcasting.
Marnach transmitter was a broadcasting facility of RTL near Marnach in the commune of Clervaux, in northern Luxembourg. The Marnach transmitter was built in 1955 for improving the transmission of the English-speaking program on 1439 kHz, which was transmitted from 1951 with an omnidirectional antenna from Junglinster, to the British Isles and for a better transmission on this frequency to Germany at daytime. Therefore, it was given a directional antenna with a switchable directional characteristic pointing north-northeast towards the Rhine-Ruhr area, Germany's most populated area, and west-northwest in the direction of the UK. This antenna was implemented in form of a directional antenna consisting of three ground-fed 105-metre-tall (350 ft) guyed mast antennas arranged in the form of an isosceles triangle with a 90-degree angle. As transmitters, two 100 kW units switched in parallel were used when it went in service in December 1955.
Dillberg transmitter is a transmitting facility of the Bavarian Broadcasting Company on the 595-metre-high Dillberg mountain west of Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Dillberg transmitter went into service in 1955 for serving the area of Nuremberg with TV and FM radio programmes from a 198-metre-tall guyed mast.
Weiskirchen transmitter, is a mediumwave broadcasting tower in Weiskirchen, Germany. It is the property of Hessischer Rundfunk. It was built in 1967
Berlin-Köpenick transmitter was a transmission facility for broadcasting on medium wave, short wave, and VHF in Berlin-Köpenick, Germany, near the suburb of Uhlenhorst, after which it was occasionally named.
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