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International relations (IR), international affairs (IA) or international studies (IS) is the scientific study of interactions between sovereign states. In a broader sense, it concerns all activities between states—such as war, diplomacy, trade, and foreign policy—and relations with and among other international actors, such as intergovernmental organisations (IGOs), international non-governmental organisations (INGOs), international legal bodies and multinational corporations (MNCs).
The Arnamagnæan Institute is a teaching and research institute established in 1956 to further the study of the manuscripts in the Arnamagnæan Manuscript Collection, the collection bequeathed by the Icelandic scholar and antiquarian Árni Magnússon to the University of Copenhagen in 1730.
International security, also called global security, is a term which refers to the measures taken by states and international organizations, such as the United Nations, European Union, and others, to ensure mutual survival and safety. These measures include military action and diplomatic agreements such as treaties and conventions. International and national security are invariably linked. International security is national security or state security in the global arena.
Barry Gordon Buzan is Emeritus Professor of International Relations at the London School of Economics and honorary professor at the University of Copenhagen and Jilin University. Until 2012 he was Montague Burton Professor of International Relations at the LSE. Buzan sketched the Regional Security Complex Theory and is therefore together with Ole Wæver a central figure of the Copenhagen School.
Ole Wæver is a professor of International Relations at the Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen. He has published and broadcast extensively in the field of international relations, and is one of the main architects of the so-called Copenhagen School in International Relations.
The Copenhagen School of security studies is a school of academic thought with its origins in international relations theorist Barry Buzan's book People, States and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations, first published in 1983. The Copenhagen School places particular emphasis on the non-military aspects of security, representing a shift away from traditional security studies. Theorists associated with the school include Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde. Many of the school's members worked at the Copenhagen Peace Research Institute. A prominent critic of the Copenhagen School is Bill McSweeney.
The Copenhagen Peace Research Institute (COPRI) was a Danish research institute established in 1985 by the Danish Parliament. Its aim was to support and strengthen multidisciplinary research on peace and security. Established as an independent institute, in 1996 it became a government research institute under the Ministry of Research and Information Technology. In January 2003, COPRI was merged into the Danish Institute for International Studies.
War studies, sometimes called polemology, is the multi-disciplinary study of war. The word derives from Ancient Greek: πόλεμος, romanized: pólemos, lit. 'war, battle') + "-logy".
Critical security studies is an academic discipline within security studies which draws on critical theory to revise and, at times, reject the narrow focus of mainstream approaches to security.
Security studies, also known as international security studies, is an academic sub-field within the wider discipline of international relations. The field rapidly developed within international relations during the Cold War, examples from the era including the academic works of mid-20th century realist political scientists such as Thomas Schelling and Henry Kissinger, who focused primarily on nuclear deterrence. While the field is mostly contained within political science and public policy programs, it is increasingly common to take an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating knowledge from the fields of history, geography, military sciences, and criminology.
Anthony Burke is an Australian political theorist and international relations scholar. He is Professor of Politics and International Relations at the University of New South Wales.
Security Dialogue is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes scholarly articles which combine contemporary theoretical analysis with challenges to public policy across a wide-ranging field of security studies. The journal is owned by the Peace Research Institute Oslo which also hosts the editorial office. As of 1 October 2015 Mark B. Salter is the editor-in-chief. Marit Moe-Pryce has been the Managing Editor of the journal since 2004. Current Associate Editors are Emily Gilbert, Jairus V. Grove, Jana Hönke, Doerthe Rosenow Anna Stavrianakis, and Maria Stern.
Richard Wyn Jones is a Welsh academic at Cardiff University, where he is Director of Cardiff University's Wales Governance Centre and Dean of Public Affairs. Jones was a former Professor of Welsh Politics at Cardiff as well as the founding Director of the Institute of Welsh Politics and Critical Security Studies at Aberystwyth University.
The Paris School is a school within the academic discipline security studies. The academic journal Cultures et Conflits is particularly associated with the school as is the academic Didier Bigo, Anastassia Tsoukala, Ayse Ceyhan and Elspeth Guild. The Paris School draw particular inspiration from the writings of the post-modernist Michel Foucault and Pierre Bourdieu.
Security: A New Framework for Analysis is a book by Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde. It is considered to be the leading text outlining the views of the Copenhagen School of Security Studies. The work addresses two important conceptual developments: Buzan's notion of sectoral analysis and Ole Wæver's concept of 'securitization'. The book argues for an intersubjective understanding of security and that our understanding of security should be widened to include issues such as environmental security and threats to identity.
Bill McSweeney is a senior research fellow in international peace studies at the Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. Within academia he is considered the leading critic of the Copenhagen School of security studies.
Lene Hansen is an international relations scholar who is a full professor at the University of Copenhagen. Hansen is most well known within academia for her critique of the absence of gender within the thinking of the Copenhagen School of security studies. The Feminist scholar Christine Sylvester describes Hansen as the 'leading European feminist doing Critical Security Studies'.
International Political Sociology (IPS) is a critical approach at the cross roads of International Relations and other disciplines such as sociology, geography and anthropology. The subfield is structured around initiatives such as the journal International Political Sociology and the network Doingips.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics and political science:
Anna Leander is a sociologist and political scientist. Leander is currently a professor at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. She previously taught at the Copenhagen Business School and the Inst. de Relacoes Internacionais, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. Leander is well known for her work in critical security studies and international political sociology. Theoretically, Leander has played an important role in bringing the work of Pierre Bourdieu into conversation with the discipline of International Relations, as well as more recently working with materialist and pragmatist sociologies. Empirically, much of her work focuses on the contours of private military contractors, drones, and the politics of knowledge in a digital context. Leander has supported the development of International Political Sociology as an editor, through engagement with professional organizations and research evaluation as well as through her investment with education. Anna Leander was associate editor of International Political Sociology until 2017 and is currently associate editor of Security Dialogue and Contexto Internacional and co-editor of the Routledge Series in Private Security Studies. Leander has served on the Norwegian and Swedish Research Councils, numerous research evaluation boards as well as on the advisory boards of DIIS, the Danish Institute for International Studies and the GIGA German Institute for Global and Regional Studies. She was a co-founder of the International Political Sociology section of the International Studies Association, she co-developed/co-directed the International Business and Politics Program of the Copenhagen Business School, and she has supported/supervised numerous doctoral projects. She is the founder of the University of Copenhagen's Centre for the Resolution of International Conflicts (CRIC).
References
- ↑ Vaughn-Williams, Nick. Peoples, Columba (2010) Critical Security Studies: An Introduction, Abingdon, Routledge, PP. 17-18
- ↑ Floyd, Rita (2007) ‘Towards a consequentialist evaluation of security: bringing the Copenhagen and Welsh Schools of security studies’, British International Studies Association, 33/1: 328
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