Wentawat

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Wentawat
Viceroy of Kush

Stele Wentawat Budge.jpg

Funerary stele of Wentawat, EA 792
Predecessor Nahihor
Successor Ramessesnakht
Dynasty 20th Dynasty
Pharaoh Ramesses IX
Father Nahihor
Wife Tausert
Children Ramessesnakht, Nahihor
Burial unknown

Wentawat (also written as Wentawuat), was Viceroy of Kush under Ramesses IX, during the 20th Dynasty. He was a son of the Viceroy Nahihor. [1]

The former Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia, was a province of Ancient Egypt from the 16th century BCE to eleventh century BCE. During this period, the polity was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh. It is believed that the Egyptian 25th Dynasty were descendants of these viceroys, and so were the dynasties that ruled independent Kush until the fourth century CE.

Ramesses IX Egyptian pharaoh of the 20th dynasty

Neferkare Ramesses IX was the eighth pharaoh of the Twentieth dynasty of Egypt. He was the third longest serving king of this Dynasty after Ramesses III and Ramesses XI. He is now believed to have assumed the throne on I Akhet day 21 based on evidence presented by Jürgen von Beckerath in a 1984 GM article. According to Papyrus Turin 1932+1939, Ramesses IX enjoyed a reign of 18 years and 4 months and died in his 19th Year in the first month of Peret between day 17 and 27. His throne name, Neferkare Setepenre, means "Beautiful Is The Soul of Re, Chosen of Re." Ramesses IX is believed to be the son of Mentuherkhepeshef, a son of Ramesses III since Montuherkhopshef's wife, the lady Takhat bears the prominent title of King's Mother on the walls of tomb KV10 which she usurped and reused in the late 20th dynasty; no other 20th dynasty king is known to have had a mother with this name. Ramesses IX was, therefore, probably a grandson of Ramesses III.

Wentawat's titles include: King's son of Kush, overseer of the Gold Lands of Amun-Ra King of the Gods, Head of the stable of the Court. First of His Majesty (i.e. charioteer), Door-opener, Steward of Amun at Khnum-Weset, High Priest of Amun of Khnum-Weset, First prophet of Amun of Ramesses. [2]

He is known from a stela now in the British Museum (EA 792). [3] [4] This stela shows Wentawat, his wife Tausert (also written as Tawosret) and his son Nahihor (or Naherhu), who held the title of Head of the stable of the Residence. [5] [6] Another son, Ramessesnakht, succeeded his father as Viceroy of Kush, which makes for a viceregal 'dynasty' of three generations. [6]
Wentawat is also known from a damaged granite statuette depicting him while kneeling and holding the figure of a god; it was found in 1902 interred inside the Karnak great temple, next to the 7th pylon. It is now located in the Cairo Museum (CG 42158 / JE 36816). [7] [8]

British Museum National museum in the Bloomsbury area of London

The British Museum, in the Bloomsbury area of London, United Kingdom, is a public institution dedicated to human history, art and culture. Its permanent collection of some eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence, having been widely sourced during the era of the British Empire. It documents the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present. It was the first public national museum in the world.

Granite A common type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock with granular structure

Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture. Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word "granite" comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. Strictly speaking, granite is an igneous rock with between 20% and 60% quartz by volume, and at least 35% of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar, although commonly the term "granite" is used to refer to a wider range of coarse-grained igneous rocks containing quartz and feldspar.

Karnak Ancient Egyptian temple complex

The Karnak Temple Complex, commonly known as Karnak, comprises a vast mix of decayed temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings near Luxor, in Egypt. Construction at the complex began during the reign of Senusret I in the Middle Kingdom and continued into the Ptolemaic period, although most of the extant buildings date from the New Kingdom. The area around Karnak was the ancient Egyptian Ipet-isut and the main place of worship of the eighteenth dynasty Theban Triad with the god Amun as its head. It is part of the monumental city of Thebes. The Karnak complex gives its name to the nearby, and partly surrounded, modern village of El-Karnak, 2.5 kilometres north of Luxor.

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References

  1. ↑ Amin A. M. A. Amer, op. cit., p. 28
  2. ↑ George A. Reisner, "The Viceroys of Ethiopia (II)", Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 6 (1920) n.1.
  3. ↑ E. A. Wallis Budge, British Museum. A Guide to the Egyptian galleries (sculpture), 1909, pl. 25.
  4. ↑ Kenneth Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions: Historical and Biographical vol. VI, Oxford: B. H. Blackwell Ltd., p. 525
  5. ↑ Topographical Bibliography Vol VIII, retrieved from Griffith Institute website May 2010
  6. 1 2 Amin A. M. A. Amer, op. cit., p. 29
  7. ↑ Georges Legrain, Statues et statuettes de rois et de particuliers, in Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire, Le Caire, 1909. II, pp. 25-26; pl. 22.
  8. ↑ Kenneth Kitchen, op. cit., p. 526

Further reading

Jaroslav Černý was a Czech Egyptologist. From 1929 to 1946 he was a lecturer and docent at Charles University in Prague, from 1946 to 1951, the Edwards Professor of Egyptology at the University College, London. From 1951 to 1965, he was Professor of Egyptology at University of Oxford.

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