Wes Olson (Wesley John Olson) (born 1960) [1] is an independent researcher and author based in Perth Western Australia. His work has concentrated on Australian military history during both World Wars.
For nearly a decade Olson researched the loss of HMAS Sydney in WWII and after its publication by the University Of Western Australia Press in 2000 [2] became recognised as an independent authority on the ship and its lost crew. His research proved of great importance in the eventual location of the wreck and that of its adversary the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran in 2008. One of Olson's most notable works from WWI is his history of Western Australian involvement in the Gallipoli campaign of the first world war. [3] [4] [5] . This work was followed in 2018 by Olson's account of the cruise of the German raider SMS Emden in 1914.
A feature of Olson's works is his use of contemporary diaries (from friend and foe alike), leading to a sense of 'being there' in and around the action, bringing both the heroism and horrors of war from the perspective of both sides in the conflict into stark and immediate focus.
Olson married Dale Williamson in 1988, and have three adult children.
In May 1977 he commenced work with the Western Australian Government Railways as a Junior Station Assistant. At age 18 he transferred to the locomotive branch and having commenced training to become a Locomotive Driver, was appointed Driver in 1988. Olson is currently employed in that capacity by Pacific National.
Olson joined the Australian Army Reserve in 1978 and served a total of eight years as an infantryman. In doing so he continued research into arms and armament on both land and sea.
With a boyhood interest in WWII British warship design Olson learned of the Western Australian Maritime Museum's 50th anniversary international forum seeking to resolve the mysteries surrounding the loss of the Department of Maritime Archaeology in November 1941 and to commence and/or facilitate a search. After contacting staff for a copy of the papers from the forum, it was learned that Olson also had a background in incident investigation with the Railways and after joining the Museum's Department of Maritime Archaeology as a volunteer, Olson's first research task was to compile a comparative study examining all WWII vessels that had sunk or been severely damaged in similar manner. After completing that database and producing an internal report, his next task was to examine whether a carley float with a corpse onboard that floated onto Christmas Island in 1942 could have come from HMAS Sydney. Olson's research not only disproved the then widespread belief the float was not of Australian naval origin, but it showed where it was stowed onboard HMAS Sydney. From then he continued his research both independently and as an adviser to the Museum.
In 1997 Olson became a volunteer at the Army Museum of Western Australia. Initially given the role of Researcher, he was subsequently appointed Firearms Keeper within the Curatorial Section. He then joined the Gallery Development Committee and was involved in the development, construction and display of mannequins and weapons in the WWI, WWII and Post-1945 galleries.
Olson left the Army Museum of Western Australia in 2013 and began assisting the Western Australian Museum with various military projects, including its plans to revisit the wreck of HMAS Sydney (II), the National Anzac Centre at Albany, and Boola Bardip in Perth. He also assisted the Smith Sculptors (Charles Smith and Joan Walsh-Smith) with the HMAS Sydney (II) Memorial at Geraldton, the HMAS Sydney (II) Memorial at Denham, the HMAS Perth Memorial at East Fremantle, and the Battle of Crete Memorial in Kings Park, Perth. In 2023 Olson assisted James Parkinson, Director of ROV Services Australia, to produce an information graphic of the wreck of SMS Emden at North Keeling Island.
Olson's first book, Bitter Victory – The death of HMAS Sydney, was published by the University of Western Australia Press in 2000. The following year he chaired the Archival Committee for the Royal Australian Navy’s HMAS Sydney Wreck Location Seminar. Olson then became research assistant and historical advisor to David Mearns of Blue Water Recoveries prior to the 2008 search and discovery of HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. In 2015 he became historical advisor on the WA Museum/Curtin University expedition to revisit the wrecks of HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran, and contributed to the subsequent book From Great Depths – The Wrecks of HMAS Sydney (II) and HSK Kormoran (published by UWA Publishing and The Western Australian Museum in 2016).
Gallipoli – The Western Australian Story (published by UWAP in 2006), was short-listed in the Western Australian History category of the WA Premier’s Book Awards for 2006; Battalion into Battle – The History of the 2/11th Australian Infantry Battalion 1939-45 (self-published in 2011); HMAS Sydney (II) – In Peace and War (self-published in 2016); The Last Cruise of a German Raider – The Destruction of SMS Emden (published by Seaforth Publishing in 2018); and The Eleventh – The History of the 11th Australian Infantry Battalion 1914-1919, Volume 1, Gallipoli (self-published in 2023). Wes Olson is currently working on his seventh book, Articulated Steam Locomotives of the Western Australian Government Railways, in conjunction with his cousin, Les Smith. He anticipates commencing work on The Eleventh – The History of the 11th Australian Infantry Battalion 1914-1919, Volume 2, The Western Front, in 2025.
An avid sportsman, Olson was bestowed with Life Member of the Fremantle Mosman Park Cricket Club in 2004.
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade.
The German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran (HSK-8) was a Kriegsmarine merchant raider of World War II. Originally the merchant vessel Steiermark ("Styria"), the ship was acquired by the navy following the outbreak of war for conversion into a raider. Administered under the designation Schiff 41, 'Ship 41', to the Allied navies she was known as "Raider G". The largest merchant raider operated by Germany during World War II, Kormoran ("cormorant") was responsible for the destruction of 10 merchant vessels and the capture of an 11th during her year-long career in the Atlantic and Indian oceans.
Geraldton is a coastal city in the Mid West region of Western Australia, 424 kilometres (263 mi) north of the state capital, Perth.
Kormoran may refer to:
HMAS Sydney was a Chatham-class light cruiser of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Laid down in 1911 and launched in 1912, the cruiser was commissioned into the RAN in 1913.
HMAS Sydney, named for the Australian city of Sydney, was one of three modified Leander-class light cruisers operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Ordered for the Royal Navy as HMS Phaeton, the cruiser was purchased by the Australian government and renamed prior to her 1934 launch.
The Battle of Cocos was a single-ship action that occurred on 9 November 1914, after the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney, under the command of John Glossop, responded to an attack on a communications station at Direction Island by the German light cruiser SMS Emden, commanded by Karl von Müller.
On 19 November 1941, the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran engaged each other in a battle off the coast of Western Australia. Sydney, with Captain Joseph Burnett commanding, and Kormoran, under Fregattenkapitän Theodor Detmers, encountered each other approximately 106 nautical miles off Dirk Hartog Island. The single-ship action lasted half an hour, and both ships were destroyed.
SS Zealandia, nicknamed "Z", was an Australian cargo and passenger steamship. She served as a troopship in both World War I and World War II. Zealandia transported the Australian 8th Division. Her crew were the last Allied personnel to see HMAS Sydney, which was lost with all hands in 1941. Zealandia was sunk in the air raids on Darwin of 19 February 1942.
RMS Empress of Asia was an ocean liner built in 1912–1913 by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering at Govan on the Clyde in Scotland for Canadian Pacific Steamships.
Numerous attempts were made to find the Australian cruiser HMAS Sydney and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran, which were both lost in a sea battle in 1941. Efforts immediately after the battle focused on finding Sydney when she failed to return to port. While searchers located over 300 survivors from Kormoran, none of the 645 aboard the Australian warship were found. In March 2008, shipwreck hunter David Mearns commenced a search for the two wrecks. Kormoran was located on 12 March in close proximity to the sinking position given in German accounts. Using the survivor's information on Sydney's last known heading, Mearns and his search team located Sydney on 17 March.
The Bradleys Head Fortification Complex is a heritage-listed former mast and defensive battery and military fortification and now war memorial and recreational area located at Bradleys Head Road within the Sydney Harbour National Park in Mosman in the Mosman Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Government engineers and built from 1840 to 1934. It is also known as Bradleys Head Forts and HMAS Sydney 1 Mast and Associated Memorials. The property is owned by the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 30 August 2010.
Joseph Burnett was a Royal Australian Navy (RAN) officer most widely known as the captain of the light cruiser HMAS Sydney in the battle between HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran on 19 November 1941. He fought in both the First World War and Second World War, serving in the RAN and the Royal Navy (RN), and went down with the Sydney off the coast of Western Australia.
Theodor Detmers was a German naval officer and captain of the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Detmers commanded the commerce raider Kormoran when it sunk the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney in a mutually destructive battle.
MV Duntroon was a passenger motor ship built for the Melbourne Steamship Company, that saw military service as a troopship between 1942 and 1949. She was built by Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne, and entered service in 1939.
The Historic Shipwrecks Act 1976 was an Act of the Parliament of Australia which legally protected historic shipwrecks and any relics or artefacts from those wrecks.
The Exploits of the Emden is a 1928 silent Australian film about the Battle of Cocos; the World War I naval battle between Australian cruiser HMAS Sydney and German cruiser SMS Emden. It consists of footage from a 1926 German film, Our Emden, with additional sequences shot in Australia by director Ken G. Hall. Only part of the film survives today.
SMS Emden was the second and final member of the Dresden class of light cruisers built for the German Kaiserliche Marine. Named for the town of Emden, she was laid down at the Kaiserliche Werft in Danzig in 1906. The hull was launched in May 1908, and completed in July 1909. She had one sister ship, Dresden. Like the preceding Königsberg-class cruisers, Emden was armed with ten 10.5 cm (4.1 in) guns and two torpedo tubes.
HMAS Sydney I – SMS Emden Memorial is a heritage-listed former foreign naval ship gun and now war memorial and war trophy located in Hyde Park, on the corner of Liverpool and College Streets in the Sydney central business district, in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by City of Sydney and built from 1917 by Messrs Loveridge and Hudson, Redfern. It is also known as HMAS Sydney 1 - SMS Emden Memorial and Emden Gun. The property is owned by City of Sydney. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 27 February 2015.