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Abbreviation | WSF |
---|---|
Formation | 17 March 2024 |
Type | Student organisation |
Headquarters | HRV5+3XX, Jowai Rd, Umpling, Shillong, Meghalaya 793009, India |
Region served | Southeast Asia |
President | Hirob Jyoti Sonowol |
Vice President | Chandan Hazarika |
General Secretary | Swapnil Dutta |
President High School Branch (WHSF) | Joshua Hmar |
Website | weseanstudentfederation |
The WeSean Student Federation (WSF) is a student organization representing students from the Northeastern India and parts of Myanmar (Chin, Kachin and Naga areas of Sagaing). [1]
The term "Western Southeast Asia" (Wesea, for short) is a term used by the secessionist insurgent groups of Manipur to refer to northeast India. [2] Nine insurgent groups of the northeast are said to have come together to form "United National Liberation Front of Western South East Asia" (UNLFW) in 2015, with the main ones being NSCN–Khaplang, ULFA–Independent, NDFB–Sangbijit and KLO. [3] [4] The Manipur insurgent groups frequently issue statements referring to "Weseans" or "Wesean residents". [5]
The Naga Branch of WSF, the Wesean Naga Students Union issued a letter clarifying the usage of "Wesea" emphasises the desire for regional cooperation rather than a call for secession. [6] [7] They said that it is to be seen as a framework to address shared challenges and foster development while respecting the diversity of ethnic and cultural identities within the region [8] .
While the term has occasionally been associated with political and ideological movements in Northeastern India [4] , organizations like the Wesean Student Federation emphasize its use in promoting education, social development, and cultural cooperation [6] . The WSF advocates for greater harmony among the region's communities and envisions "Wesea" as a platform for progress and mutual understanding [9] [10] .
The WeSean Student Federation was established following a split from the Northeast Students' Organization, which is an umbrella body for multiple student groups in Northeastern India (NESO). The founding members cited concerns over NESO's focus on ethnocentric policies and perceived corruption. Additionally, they expressed opposition to the methods employed in NESO's protests, particularly those involving vandalism and damage to public property. [11] They sought to create a more inclusive platform for transnational [12] Wesean activism and unity [13] .
The formation of WSF was also a response to NESO's perceived silence on pressing issues that significantly affect the socio-political and cultural fabric of the region, such as the controversial Citizenship (Amendment) Act of India and the revocation of the Frontier Regulation Act (FMR). These issues are critical as they raise concerns about the erosion of indigenous rights, demographic changes, and the loss of protections for historically marginalized communities in the Northeast. [6]
The WSF has been involved in efforts to promote cross-border unity among the people of the Wesean regions in Bangladesh and Myanmar. Transnational activism has included support for ethnic minorities in Myanmar against the military government to place WSF activities within a broader context of global youth activism. The WSF has also provided tangible support in the form of educational classes for Kachin students and pushing for change in local Northeast Indian governments to support cross-border ties. [14]
The Naga People's Front (NPF) is a regional political party in Nagaland, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh. It headed the Nagaland government with the Bharatiya Janata Party, as part of the Democratic Alliance of Nagaland from 2003 to 2018. NPF is coalition partner of N. Biren Singh ministry led BJP government in Manipur. The party ideology includes Conservative Christianity, thus encouraging it. It demands and supports greater autonomy for Naga areas and Naga cultural Nationalism.
The Insurgency in Northeast India involves multiple separatist and jihadist militant groups operating in some of India's northeastern states, which are connected to the rest of India by the Siliguri Corridor, a strip of land as narrow as 14.29 miles (23.00 km) wide.
Nagas are various Southeast Asian Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups native to northwestern Myanmar and northeastern India. The groups have similar cultures and traditions, and form the majority of population in the Indian state of Nagaland and Naga Self-Administered Zone of Myanmar (Burma); with significant populations in Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India; Sagaing Region and Kachin State in Myanmar.
The Naga conflict, also known as the Naga Insurgency, is an ongoing conflict fought between the ethnic Nagas and the Government of India in North-East India. Nagaland, inhabited by the Nagas, is located at the tri-junction border of India on the West and South, north and Myanmar on the East.
The National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) is a Naga militant and separatist group operating mainly in northeastern part of India, with minor activities in northwest Myanmar (Burma). The main aim of the organisation is allegedly to establish a sovereign Naga state, "Nagalim", which would consist of all the areas inhabited by Naga tribes in Northeast India and northwest Myanmar. Despite the name, the group does not endorse the ideology of "National Socialism" as practiced by Nazi Germany. Rather, the group's name is derived from their belief in the nationalist goal of a sovereign Naga state, combined with their belief in socialism. Due to the area the Naga traditionally inhabit being relatively isolated, the combination of the terms "nationalism" and "socialism" together do not have the same association with Nazism as it does in the Western world. India claims that China and Pakistan provide financial support and weaponry to the NSCN. Drug trafficking and extortion are believed to be other major sources of income for the NSCN.
Naga nationalism is an ideology that supports the self-determination of the Naga people in India and Myanmar, and the furtherance of Naga culture.
The Council of Baptist Churches in Northeast India is a Baptist Christian denomination in North East India. It is a member of the Asia Pacific Baptist Federation. It is also a member body of the North East India Christian Council, the regional council of the National Council of Churches in India. Its presently led by Rev. SR Onesimua Anal as President and Rev. Prof. Akheto Sema as General Secretary.
Assam separatist movements refers to a series of multiple insurgent and separatist movements that had been operated in the Northeast Indian state of Assam. The conflict started in the 1970s following tension between the native indigenous Assamese people and the Indian government over alleged neglect, political, social, cultural, economic issues and increased levels of illegal immigration from Bangladesh. The conflict has resulted in the deaths of 12,000 United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) militants and 18,000 others.
Human rights issues in northeast India have been widely reported in the press and by human rights activists. Northeast India refers to the north-easternmost region of India consisting of the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura, as well as parts of northern West Bengal.
The Insurgency in Manipur is an ongoing armed conflict between India and a number of separatist rebel groups, taking place in the state of Manipur. The Insurgency in Manipur is part of the wider Insurgency in Northeast India; it displays elements of a national liberation war as well as an ethnic conflict.
Operation Golden Bird was an Indian-Myanmar military operation conducted by the Indian Army in April–May 1995.
Shangwang Shangyung Khaplang was a Burmese leader of Naga ethnicity. He was the leader of the NSCN-K, an insurgent group that operates to establish a Greater Nagaland, a sovereign state bringing all Naga-inhabited areas of Myanmar and India under one administrative setup.
Dao is the sword of the Naga people and Mizo people of Northeastern India, mainly in the Indian states of Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur, Assam and Kachin, Sagaing region of Myanmar. The sword, with its wooden hilt, and unique square form is used for digging as well as used in historical warfare. In modern times, it is generally used for cutting meat and wood.
The hill tribes of Northeast India are hill people, mostly classified as Scheduled Tribes (STs), who live in the Northeast India region. This region has the largest proportion of scheduled tribes in the country.
The Naga Students' Federation is the largest representative body for students of the Naga people. It was established on 29 October 1947.
The North-East India security fence is a planned 1643 km-long smart fencing system to border India's Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram along India's northeastern border.
Throughout the long-running separatist insurgencies in Northeast India, dozens of India-based insurgent groups have been involved in the neighboring conflict in Myanmar, both sheltering in Myanmar from the counterinsurgent Assam Rifles and participating in the conflict itself. Outside of several Indian-led operations, including Operation Golden Bird in 1995, Operation Hot Pursuit in 2015, or Operation Sunrise I and II in 2019, areas in which these insurgent groups are active have scarcely experienced fighting. Amid the escalation of civil war in Myanmar from 2021, several sources claim that the majority of Indian ethnic armed organisations (IEAOs) are allied, or have some level of understanding, with the ruling military junta of Myanmar, who allows them to maintain bases inside mountainous areas of northern Myanmar, typically in return for the IEAOs attacking anti-junta resistance groups.
The Naga Army is the ethnic minority army of the Naga people. Currently it is the military wing of the National Socialist Council of Nagalim (NSCN).
The North East Students' Organization (NESO) is an umbrella body representing various student organizations across the eight northeastern states of India. Established in 1979, NESO advocates for the rights, culture, and development of the indigenous peoples of the region.
The Indian Army has been actively involved in Northeast India—a region comprising Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura—primarily to address insurgencies and maintain order. However, several allegations and documented instances of human rights violations have emerged over the years
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