Winogrady

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Aerial view of Winogrady Winogrady.JPG
Aerial view of Winogrady
Osiedle Wichrowe Wzgorze seen from Aleje Solidarnosci Wichrowe-from-serbska.jpg
Osiedle Wichrowe Wzgórze seen from Aleje Solidarności

Winogrady [vinɔˈɡradɨ] is a part of the Stare Miasto district of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It is situated north of the Cytadela park (the former Poznań citadel). The name refers to the vineyards which formerly existed in the area – historically there were two villages there called Winiary (although "Winiary" today refers to a neighbourhood in Jeżyce district, to which the inhabitants were moved when the citadel fortifications were built in the 1830s).

Stare Miasto, Poznań

Stare Miasto is a part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It was one of the five governmental districts (dzielnicas) into which the city was divided prior to 1990, and which are retained for certain administrative purposes. For details, see Administrative division of Poznań.

Poznań Capital City of Poznań in Greater Poland, Poland

Poznań is a city on the Warta River in west-central Poland, in the Greater Poland region and is the fifth-largest city in Poland. It is best known for its renaissance Old Town and Ostrów Tumski Cathedral. Today, Poznań is an important cultural and business centre and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John's Fair, traditional Saint Martin's croissants and a local dialect.

Poland Republic in Central Europe

Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country located in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, covering an area of 312,696 square kilometres (120,733 sq mi), and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With a population of approximately 38.5 million people, Poland is the sixth most populous member state of the European Union. Poland's capital and largest metropolis is Warsaw. Other major cities include Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław, Poznań, Gdańsk, and Szczecin.

The southern part of Winogrady, between the streets ul. Winogrady and ul. Słowiańska, consists mainly of houses, although there are also some apartment blocks (including the "Batman" development, named for its black colour) and student halls of residence. North of this is an area which consists of large estates of apartment blocks, mostly built from pre-fabricated concrete panels from 1968 onwards. Most of these blocks and the estate infrastructure belong to the PSM Winogrady (Poznańska Spółdzielnia Mieszkaniowa Winogrady) housing cooperative, founded as a separate entity in 1984 (the development having previously been carried out by the PSM cooperative which now administers only the Piątkowo estates). The Winogrady estates house approximately 43,000 people, about 7–8% of the city's population.

Cooperative autonomous association of persons

A cooperative is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise". Cooperatives may include:

Piątkowo, Poznań

Piątkowo is a part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It consists mainly of large estates of blocks of flats, built from the late 1970s onwards. Piątkowo is situated in the northern part of the city, north of Winogrady, and south of the less intensively developed neighbourhood of Morasko.

The estates (osiedla) are called Osiedle Pod Lipami ("Under the Lime Trees"), Osiedle Przyjaźni ("Friendship"), Osiedle Kosmonautów ("Cosmonauts'"), Osiedle Wichrowe Wzgórze ("Wuthering Heights") and Osiedle Zwycięstwa ("Victory"). There is also a newer estate (Osiedle Na Murawie) to the east of the district. Wichrowe Wzgórze was originally called Osiedle Kraju Rad ("Estate of the Land of Councils", referring to the Soviet Union), and Pod Lipami was called Osiedle Wielkiego Października ("Estate of Great October", referring to the October Revolution); these were renamed after the fall of the communist regime.

<i>Wuthering Heights</i> 1847 novel by Emily Brontë

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Soviet Union 1922–1991 country in Europe and Asia

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Nominally a union of multiple national Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata, and Novosibirsk. It spanned over 10,000 kilometres east to west across 11 time zones, and over 7,200 kilometres north to south. It had five climate zones: tundra, taiga, steppes, desert and mountains.

October Revolution Bolshevik uprising during the Russian Revolution of 1917

The October Revolution, officially known in Soviet historiography as the Great October Socialist Revolution and commonly referred to as the October Uprising, the October Coup, the Bolshevik Revolution, the Bolshevik Coup or the Red October, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917. It took place with an armed insurrection in Petrograd on 7 November 1917. The Bolshevik Party and the left fraction of Socialist Revolutionary Party - a fraction calling to stop the war and land to the peasants with overwhelming support from the countryside - actually had a majority in the Russian population.

For city governmental purposes, the area is divided into four parts, which also called osiedla : Stare Winogrady ("Old Winogrady"), Nowe Winogrady Północ ("New Winogrady North"), Nowe Winogrady Wschód ("New Winogrady East"), and Nowe Winogrady Południe ("New Winogrady South"). See Administrative division of Poznań.

Osiedle is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision of a city or town, or of a dzielnica, with its own council and executive. Like the dzielnica and sołectwo, an osiedle is an auxiliary unit of a gmina. These units are created by decision of the gmina council, and do not have legal personality in their own right. In the case of an urban-rural gmina, it is also possible for a whole town to be designated an auxiliary unit.

Since 2011, the Polish city of Poznań has been divided into 42 osiedles or neighbourhoods, each of which has its own elected council with certain decision-making and spending powers. The first uniform elections for these councils were held on 20 March 2011.

The main street Aleje Solidarności ("Solidarity Avenue"), formerly ul. Serbska ("Serb Street"), runs between Przyjaźni and Pod Lipami to the south, and Zwycięstwa, Wichrowe Wzgórze and Kosmonautów to the north. North of the latter estates is ul. Lechicka, a main transit route through Poznań, north of which are a number of similar estates in the neighbourhood of Piątkowo. The Plaza and Pestka shopping and entertainment complexes are located on the south side of this street, in the north of Winogrady.

Solidarity (Polish trade union) 20th-century Polish trade union federation

Solidarity is a Polish labour union that was founded on 17 September 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa. It was the first trade union in a Warsaw Pact country that was not controlled by a communist party. Its membership peaked at 10 million members at its September 1981 Congress, which constituted one third of the total working-age population of Poland.

The Poznań Fast Tram Route ("Pestka") runs west of the Winogrady estates, continuing northwards to Piątkowo and southwards to the city centre. There are also older tram lines which run from the centre eastwards along ul. Winogrady and then northwards, serving the eastern parts of the district.

Poznań Fast Tram tram system

Poznański Fast Tram is a 8.1-kilometre (5.0 mi) stretch of grade-separated tram/light rail line in Poznań, Poland. The tracks are set in a cutting or on an overpass, switches allowing to drive on adjacent tracks. The stops, resembling railroad stations, have a different colour scheme each. This tram line was created as an alternative to a more expensive metro. The PST, opened in 1997, links the densely populated northern districts of Winogrady and Piątkowo with the city centre. It is served by lines 12, 14, 15, 16 and 26, as well as by the night line N21.

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Poznań, today Poland's fifth largest city, is also one of the country's oldest cities, and was an important political and religious center in the early Polish state of the 10th century. Poznań Cathedral is the oldest church in the country, containing the tombs of the first Polish rulers, Duke Mieszko I and King Bolesław I Chrobry.

Nowe Miasto, Poznań

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Jeżyce, Poznań

Jeżyce is a part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It was one of the five governmental districts (dzielnicas) into which the city was divided prior to 1990, and which are retained for certain administrative purposes. For details, see Administrative division of Poznań.

Grunwald, Poznań district of the city of Poznań in western Poland

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Wilda, Poznań

Wilda is a southern part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It was the smallest of the five governmental districts (dzielnicas) into which the city was divided prior to 1990, and which are retained for certain administrative purposes. For details, see Administrative division of Poznań.

Morasko

Morasko is a part of the Stare Miasto district of Poznań, in western Poland. It covers a fairly large but little-urbanised area in the north of the city. To the west and north it borders on the village and municipality of Suchy Las, a developing area of suburban housing. To the east of Morasko are the neighbourhoods of Umultowo and Radojewo, and to the south is the densely built residential area of Piątkowo.

Murowana Goślina Place in Greater Poland, Poland

Murowana Goślina (; is a town in Poznań County in western Poland, with 10,336 inhabitants. It lies approximately 20 kilometres north of the major city of Poznań, on the main road and railway line to Wągrowiec. The Trojanka stream flows through northern and western parts of the town, reaching the river Warta a few kilometres to the west.

Trams in Poznań tram system

Trams in Poznań is a tramway operated by Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Komunikacyjne w Poznaniu Sp. z o.o.. It currently has 20 daytime lines, one night line, and one tourist line served by historical vehicles. The tram system consists of about 66 kilometres (41 mi) of route, operating on 1,435 mmstandard gauge track. With a few exceptions the tramlines operate on double tracks rail.

Poznań Fortress set of fortifications in the city of Poznań in western Poland

Poznań Fortress, known in German as Festung Posen was a set of fortifications in the city of Poznań in western Poland, built under Prussian rule in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It represents the third largest system of its kind in Europe.

Districts of Kraków

The city of Kraków is divided into 18 administrative districts, each with a degree of autonomy within the municipal government. The Polish name for such a district is dzielnica.

Rataje, Poznań

Rataje is a large residential area in the eastern part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It contains a number of housing estates, consisting mainly of prefabricated concrete panel blocks, housing a total of approximately 90,000 people.

Fort Winiary architectural structure

Fort Winiary was part of Festung Posen, a system of defensive fortifications around the Polish city of Poznań.

Poznań Old Town Neighbourhood in Poznań, Poland

Poznań Old Town is the centermost neighbourhood of the city of Poznań in western Poland, covering the area of the once walled medieval city of Poznań. It is called Stare Miasto in Polish, although that name may also refer to the wider administrative district of Stare Miasto, which extends to most of the city centre and northern parts of the city.

Strzeszyn, Poznań

Strzeszyn is a suburban neighbourhood of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It is located in the north-west of the city, to the west of Podolany, from which it is separated by the main railway line running northwards towards Piła. A railway station called Poznań Strzeszyn is situated on this line some distance north of the residential parts of Strzeszyn.

Park Cytadela park

Park Cytadela in Poznań is a large park on the site of Fort Winiary, a 19th-century fortified area north of the city centre. It contains a military museum, military cemeteries, and the remains of some of the fortifications. It lies within the Stare Miasto district of the city, south of Winogrady.

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Poznań, Poland.

References

Coordinates: 52°26′08″N16°56′04″E / 52.435492°N 16.934528°E / 52.435492; 16.934528