The 7th Women's World Chess Championship took place during the 1939 Olympiad in Buenos Aires. The final results were as follows: [1] [2] [3] [4]
Player | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | Points | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Vera Menchik (United Kingdom) | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 |
2 | Sonja Graf (stateless) | 0 | - | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 16 |
3 | Berna Carrasco (Chile) | 0 | 1 | - | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15½ |
4 | Elfriede Rinder (Germany) | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 |
5 | Mona May Karff (United States) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 14 |
6 | Milda Lauberte (Latvia) | ½ | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | - | 1 | ½ | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | ½ | 12 |
7 | María Teresa Mora (Cuba) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 1 | ½ | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 |
8 | Catharina Roodzant (Netherlands) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | 0 | - | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 |
9 | Paulette Schwartzmann (France) | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | - | ½ | ½ | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 |
10 | Blažena Janečková (Bohemia and Moravia) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 1 | 0 | ½ | - | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | ½ | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 |
11 | Ingrid Larsen (Denmark) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | - | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8½ |
12 | Dora Trepat de Navarro (Argentina) | 0 | 0 | 1 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | - | ½ | 1 | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
13 | Ingeborg Andersson (Sweden) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | ½ | - | ½ | ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7½ |
14 | Salome Reischer (Palestine) | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
15 | María Berea de Montero (Argentina) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | 0 | ½ | ½ | 0 | - | 1 | ½ | 1 | ½ | 1 | 7 |
16 | Marianne Stoffels (Belgium) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | 1 | 1 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | 1 | 1 | ½ | ½ | 7 |
17 | María A. de Vigil (Uruguay) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ½ | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | - | 0 | ½ | 1 | 6 |
18 | Elena Raclauskienė (Lithuania) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | ½ | 1 | 3½ |
19 | Ruth Bloch Nakkerud (Norway) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | ½ | ½ | ½ | - | 0 | 3 |
20 | Anabelle Lougheed (Canada) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ½ | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | 2 |
As a result of her outspoken defiance of Hitler's government, Sonja Graf was taken off the list of German participants and played in the women's tournament under the flag of the fictitious country "Libre" ("free" in Spanish). [5]
Graf and Paulette Schwartzmann, along with many of the male players, chose to stay in South America, as World War II broke out during the tournament.
Due to the outbreak of war, there was no Women's World Chess Championship for the next ten years. Meanwhile, Menchik died in England in 1944 in a German air raid, so the next championship in 1949–50 had to determine a new champion.
Vera Francevna Mencikova, was a Russian-born Czechoslovak chess player who primarily resided in England. She was the first and longest-reigning Women's World Chess Champion from 1927 to 1944, winning the championship eight times primarily in round-robin tournaments. In an era when women primarily competed against other women, Menchik was the first and only woman competing in master-level tournaments with the world's best players.
Miguel Najdorf was a Polish–Argentine chess grandmaster. Originally from Poland, he was in Argentina when World War II began in 1939, and he stayed and settled there. He was a leading world player in the 1940s and 1950s, and is also known for the Najdorf Variation, one of the most popular chess openings.
Anders Gideon Tom Ståhlberg was a Swedish chess player. He was among the inaugural recipients of the title International Grandmaster from FIDE in 1950.
Susanna "Sonja" Graf was a German and American chess player. She was a women's world championship runner-up and a two-time U.S. women's champion. In 2016, she was inducted into the World Chess Hall of Fame.
Markas (Marcos) Luckis was a Lithuanian–Argentine chess master.
Ludwig Engels was a German–Brazilian chess master.
Paulette Schwartzmann was a French-Argentine chess player.
Regina Gerlecka was a Polish chess player.
Róża Maria Herman was a Polish chess player. She was awarded the title International Woman Master by FIDE in 1950.
María Teresa Mora Iturralde was a Cuban chess master.
Clarice Benini was an Italian chess player. She was awarded the title International Woman Master by FIDE in 1950.
Milda Lauberte was a Latvian chess master.
Berna Carrasco Araya was a Chilean chess master, born in San Bernardo, Chile. At the 1939 Women's World Championship in Buenos Aires, she finished in third place behind Vera Menchik and Sonja Graf. Carrasco was awarded the Woman International Master (WIM) title in 1954.
The 8th Chess Olympiad, organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE), comprised an open tournament, as well as a Women's World Championship contest. The main team event took place between August 21 and September 19, 1939, in the Politeama Theatre in Buenos Aires, Argentina and coincided with the outbreak of World War II.
Friedl Rinder was a German woman chess master.
Catharina (Toos) Roodzant was a Dutch female chess master.
The below is a list of events in chess in 1939.
Elena Lukauskienė, née Stankevičiūtė, married Raclauskienė, also Raclauskienė-Lukauskienė, was a Lithuanian chess master. She was a two-time Lithuanian Women's Chess Champion and a participant at the Women's World Chess Championship (1939). For saving two Jewish children during the Holocaust in Lithuania, she was recognized as the Righteous Among the Nations in 2006.
Ingrid Larsen was a Danish chess player who holds the title of Woman International Master. She was a seventeen-times winner the Danish Women's Chess Championship.
Dora Trepat de Navarro was an Argentine chess player. She was an eight-time winner of the Argentine Women's Chess Championship and a participant at the Women's World Chess Championship (1939).