Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant

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The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant Zwentendorf - Kraftwerk (1).JPG
The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant

The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant was the first commercial nuclear plant for electric power generation built in Austria, of three nuclear plants originally envisioned. Construction of the plant at Zwentendorf was finished but the plant never entered service. The start-up of the Zwentendorf plant, as well as the construction of the other two plants, was prevented by a referendum on 5 November 1978, in which a narrow majority of 50.47% voted against the start-up. [1] [2]

Contents

Construction of the plant began in April 1972, as a boiling-water reactor rated at 692 megawatts electric power output. [3] It was built by a joint venture of several Austrian electric power companies. The initial cost of the plant was around 5.2 billion Austrian schilling, approximately 1.4 billion euros adjusted for inflation. [4] The ventilation stack chimney of the plant is 110 metres tall. Since the plebiscite, the plant has been partially deconstructed. The Dürnrohr Power Station was built nearby as a replacement thermal power station.

Following the 1978 referendum, no commercial nuclear power plant (built for the purpose of producing electricity) ever went into operation in Austria. In 1978, Austria enacted a law prohibiting the construction and operation of fission reactors for electrical power generation, hence the plant nowadays is used for research purposes. Three small nuclear reactors for scientific purposes were built in the 1960s, and only one of these plants is still being operated. [5]

Current use

The plant was purchased by Austrian energy company EVN Group in 2005; it is used as a security training centre [6] and leased for filming, photography, and other events. [7] In 2025, it will be used as the training ground for ENRICH European Robotics Hackathon. [8]

In association with the Technical University Vienna, a research center (the Photovoltaik-Forschungszentrum Zwentendorf) was founded at the site. The research center is equipped with a 190 kW photovoltaic system consisting of two modules with solar tracking assemblies.

The plant is used for operator training by Kraftwerksschule e.V. The current operator of the plant also allows visits to the complex.

Use in film

The Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant has been leased out over the years as a film location for films including Grand Central, Tag der Wahrheit , Restrisiko , [9] and Hacking at Leaves .

See also

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Construction of the first Austrian nuclear power plant in Zwentendorf on the Danube, about 30 kilometres upstream from the capital, Vienna, began in 1972. Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant was designed as a boiling water reactor with a capacity of 700 MW(e), that was expected to generate about 10% of the Austrian electricity production.

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In the 1960s the Austrian government started a nuclear-energy program and parliament unanimously ordered a nuclear power-plant built. In 1972, the German company KWU began construction of the Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant boiling-water 700 MWe reactor. In 1976, two years prior to the nuclear power-plant opening, the government began a program to educate its citizens on the benefits and safety of nuclear power. However, this campaign began a public discussion that led to large demonstrations against the Zwentendorf plant in 1977.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to nuclear power:

This is a history of nuclear power as realized through the first artificial fission of atoms that would lead to the Manhattan Project and, eventually, to using nuclear fission to generate electricity.

References

  1. Austria's no to nuclear power Peter Weish
  2. Austria‘s Anti-Nuclear Crusade Euro Nuclear
  3. "Nuclear Power Reactor Details - Zwentendorf". International Atomic Energy Agency. 1971. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
  4. Zwentendorf atomic power plant Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine AKW Zwentendorf
  5. General Atomics TRIGA Mark-II Archived January 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Scientific reactor operated by the Technical University Vienna
  6. "Snakes on a plant". World Nuclear News. 10 July 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2013.
  7. "The nuclear power plant Zwentendorf - A unique location for television, film, and photography". EVN AG & PRIMA VISTA Media & Consulting GmbH. 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2016.
  8. "ENRICH - The European Robotics Hackathon". enrich.european-robotics.eu. Retrieved 2024-07-10.
  9. "Filming Location Matching "Zwentendorf, Austria"". IMDb. Retrieved 12 April 2020.

48°21′16″N15°53′05″E / 48.3544°N 15.8847°E / 48.3544; 15.8847