Harar, known historically by the indigenous as Harar-Gey or simply Gey, is a walled city in eastern Ethiopia. It is also known in Arabic as the City of Saints.
Amir Abdullahi, formally Abd Allah II ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur or Amir Hajji 'Abdu'llahi II ibn 'Ali 'Abdu's Shakur, was the last amir of Harar and ruled from late 1884 to 26 January 1887, when the state was terminated, following the defeat of the Harari troops at the Battle of Chelenqo on 9 January.
Muhammad ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur was the last Emir of Harar before the Egyptian conquest (1856–1875). He is remembered unfavorably by the Harari for favoring the neighboring Oromo people.
This is a timeline of notable events during the period of Muslim presence in Iberia, starting with the Umayyad conquest in the 8th century.
Abū Bakr ibn Muḥammad, reigned 1525–1526, was a sultan of the Sultanate of Adal in the Horn of Africa. The historian Richard Pankhurst credits Abu Bakr with founding the city of Harar, which he made his military headquarters in 1520. He was of Harari background.
The Battle of Chelenqo was an engagement fought on 9 January 1887 between the Abyssinian army of Shewa under Negus Menelik and Emir 'Abd Allah II ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur of Harar. The Harari forces were routed, and Negus Menelik afterwards occupied and annexed the city of Harar.
Fedis is a woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Part of the East Hararghe Zone, Fedis is bordered on the southwest by Garamulleta zone, Meyumuluke woreda, on the west by Girawa, on the northwest by Haro Maya, on the north by the Harari Region, on the east by Babille, and on the southeast by the Erer River which separates it from the Somali Region at south by Midega tola district. The administrative center of this district is Boko.
Abdelrahman or Abd al-Rahman or Abdul Rahman or Abdurrahman or Abdrrahman is a male Arabic Muslim given name, and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Rahman. The name means "servant of the most gracious", ar-Rahman being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.
Siddiqi is a Muslim family name, found in the Horn of Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. Sheikh is an additional title used occasionally by Siddiqis to signify noble Arab heritage. According to tradition, people having surname "Siddiqi" are offspring of Abu Bakr Siddique, the first Khalifa (Caliph) and an early companion and friend of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.
Abu Bakr II ibn ʽAbd al-Munan was the emir of Harar (1829-1852). He was the son of ʽAbd al-Mannan, the nephew of ʽAbd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad, and the husband of Gisti Fatima, ʽAbd ar-Rahman's oldest daughter. He succeeded to the throne of Harar upon the death of ʽAbd ar-Rahman.
Ahmad III ibn Abu Bakr was the Emir of Harar (1852–1856). He was the ruling Emir when the British explorer Richard F. Burton visited the city for ten days in January 1855, which he later described in his book, First Footsteps in East Africa.
ʽAbd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad was the Emir of Harar.
Ahmad II ibn Muhammad was Emir of Harar (1794–1821), and grandnephew of Emir Ahmad I ibn Abi Bakr. He made several successful military expeditions against the Oromo around the city of Harar, which probably helped to keep the trade routes open west to Shewa and east to Zeila. On his death in 1821, his brothers `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad and `Abd al-Karim ibn Muhammad fought over the succession.
The Harari people are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which inhabits the Horn of Africa. Members of this ethnic group traditionally reside in the walled city of Harar, simply called Gēy "the City" in Harari, situated in the Harari Region of eastern Ethiopia. They speak the Harari language, a member of the South Ethiopic grouping within the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic languages.
The Emirate of Harar was a Muslim kingdom founded in 1647 when the Harari people refused to accept Imām ʿUmardīn Ādan as their ruler and broke away from the Imamate of Aussa to form their own state under `Ali ibn Da`ud. The city of Harar Gey served as its sole capital. Prior to its invasion by Shewan forces under Menelik II, the League of Nations noted that the Harar kingdom made up the area between the rivers Awash and Shebelle while the Ogaden was a tributary state. Originally however the Harar Emirate composed of present-day Somalia and to south of eastern Ethiopia including the Arsi Province. Numerous Oromo and Somali clans in the region paid tax to the Emirate of Harar as late as the eighteenth century despite their gradual annexation of lands in the Harari state.
GaradAbun Adashe was a Harari Emir of the Adal Sultanate. He was the de facto ruler of Adal reducing the Adal sultan to nominal leader. In this period Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad would move Adal's capital to Harar city after killing emir Abun in order to regain influence in Adal.
Hubat, also known as Hobat, or Kubat was a historical Muslim state located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. Historically part of the Adal region alongside Gidaya and Hargaya states on the Harar plateau. Hubat is today within a district known as Adare Qadima which includes Garamuelta and its surroundings in Oromia region. The area is 30 km north west of Harar city at Hubeta, according to historian George Huntingford. Trimingham locates it as the region between Harar and Jaldessa. Archaeologist Timothy Insoll considers Harla town to be Hubat the capital of the now defunct Harla Kingdom.
The Egyptian invasion of the Eastern Horn of Africa namely Hararghe and western Somaliland was part of a conflict between the Sultan of Aussa, Oromo, Somali tribesmen, and the Khedivate of Egypt from 1874 to 1885. In 1874, the Egyptians invaded Eastern Ethiopia namely Hararghe and western section of Somaliland and ruled it for 11 years.
Early history of Harar city is generally obscure, as many documents and records differ the exact date of the origin of the city. Most historical records state that Harar's history date back to 16th century, beginning with Adal Sultanate moving its capital from Dakkar to Harar during the reign of Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad. Other rudimentary oral tradition produced in 19th and 20th century stated that Harar history dated by in the 10th century or Abadir Umar ar-Rida founded the first Harar kingdom after migrating from Arabian Peninsula to spread Islam in 12th and 13th century.
Dakkar, also known as Dakar, or Deker, was an historical Muslim town located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. It served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III.