Harar, known historically by the indigenous as Harar-Gey or simply Gey, is a walled city in eastern Ethiopia. It is also known in Arabic as the City of Saints.
Amir Abdullahi, formally Abd Allah II ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur or Amir Hajji 'Abdu'llahi II ibn 'Ali 'Abdu's Shakur, was the last Emir of Harar and ruled from late 1884 to 26 January 1887, when the state was terminated, following the defeat of the Harari troops at the Battle of Chelenqo on 9 January.
Muhammad ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur was Emir of Harar before the Egyptian conquest (1856–1875). He is remembered unfavorably by the Harari for favoring the neighboring Oromo people. His son the last emir of Harar, Abdullahi II would succeed him following the Egyptian interval.
Abū Bakr ibn Muḥammad, , was a Sultan of the Adal Sultanate in the Horn of Africa. The historian Richard Pankhurst credits Abu Bakr with founding the city of Harar, which he made his military headquarters in 1520. He was of Harari background.
The Battle of Chelenqo was an engagement fought on 9 January 1887 between the Abyssinian army of Shewa under Negus Menelik and Emir 'Abd Allah II ibn 'Ali 'Abd ash-Shakur of Harar. The Harari forces were routed, and Negus Menelik afterwards occupied and annexed the city of Harar.
Siddiqi is a Muslim family name, found in the Horn of Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. Sheikh is an additional title used occasionally by Siddiqis to signify noble Arab heritage. According to tradition, people having surname "Siddiqi" are offspring of Abu Bakr Siddique, the first Khalifa (Caliph) and an early companion and friend of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.
The Karanle are a Somali clan, forming one of the six branches of the larger Hawiye clan. The Karanle are geographically spread out across three countries: Somalia, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Among all of the Karanle inhabited regions of the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia is the where the majority of the clan reside. In Ethiopia, the Karanle are mainly found in Harar, Hubat, and Babile but they also inhabit the Somali Region, Dire Dawa and surrounding regions. The majority of the Karanle Sub-clans predominantly reside in the regions of Ethiopia where the Somali population is predominant, with the exception of the Murusade Sub-clan, who reside in central and southern Somalia.
Abu Bakr II ibn ʽAbd al-Munan was the emir of Harar (1829-1852). He was the son of ʽAbd al-Mannan Garad of Zeila, the nephew of ʽAbd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad, and the husband of Gisti Fatima, ʽAbd ar-Rahman's oldest daughter. He succeeded to the throne of Harar upon the death of ʽAbd ar-Rahman.
Ahmad III ibn Abu Bakr was the Emir of Harar (1852–1856). He was the ruling Emir when the British explorer Richard F. Burton visited the city for ten days in January 1855, which he later described in his book, First Footsteps in East Africa.
ʽAbd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad was the Emir of Harar.
Ahmad II ibn Muhammad was Emir of Harar, in eastern Ethiopia (1794–1821), and grandnephew of Emir Ahmad I ibn Abi Bakr. He made several successful military expeditions against the Karanle ]]around the city of Harar, which probably helped in keeping the trade routes open to the west toward Shewa and the east toward Zeila. On his death in 1821, his brothers `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad and `Abd al-Karim ibn Muhammad fought over the succession.
Abd al-Shakur ibn Yusuf was Emir of Harar (1783–1794). He was the first Emir of Harar to give the neighboring Oromo gifts. He went to them in the first years of his reign, and brought with him bales of sheetings which he gave to the Alla and Gidir Karanle. He may have done this to free the way for salt and other goods which had to be brought through their territories.
The Harari people are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which inhabits the Horn of Africa. Members of this ethnic group traditionally reside in the walled city of Harar, simply called Gēy "the City" in Harari, situated in the Harari Region of eastern Ethiopia. They speak the Harari language, a member of the South Ethiopic grouping within the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic languages.
The Emirate of Harar was a Muslim kingdom founded in 1647 when the Harari people and Karanle refused to accept Imām ʿUmardīn Ādan as their ruler and broke away from the Imamate of Aussa to form their own state under `Ali ibn Da`ud.
GaradAbun Ibn Adash or Abogn ibn Adish was a Harari Emir of the Adal Sultanate. He was the de facto ruler of Adal reducing the Adal sultan to nominal leader. In this period Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad would move Adal's capital to Harar city after killing emir Abogn in order to regain influence in Adal.
Hubat, also known as Hobat, or Kubat was a historical Muslim state located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. Historically part of the Adal region alongside Gidaya and Hargaya states on the Harar plateau. Hubat is today within a district known as Adare Qadima which includes Garamuelta and its surroundings in Oromia region. The area is 30 km north west of Harar city at Hubeta, according to historian George Huntingford. Trimingham locates it as the region between Harar and Jaldessa. Archaeologist Timothy Insoll considers Harla town to be Hubat the capital of the now defunct Harla Kingdom. and Karanle
The Egyptian invasion of Harar, was part of a conflict in the Horn of Africa between the Emirate of Harar, Sultan of Aussa, and Oromo tribesmen, and the Khedivate of Egypt from 1874 to 1885. In 1874, the Egyptians invaded Eastern Ethiopia, namely Hararghe and parts of the Somali coast, and ruled it for 11 years.
Early history of Harar city is generally obscure, as many documents and records differ the exact date of the origin of the city. Most historical records state that Harar's history date back to 16th century, beginning with Adal Sultanate moving its capital from Dakkar to Harar during the reign of Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad. Other rudimentary oral tradition produced in 19th and 20th century stated that Harar history dated by in the 10th century or Abadir Umar ar-Rida founded the first Harar kingdom after migrating from Arabian Peninsula to spread Islam in 12th and 13th century.
Dakkar, also known as Dakar, or Deker, was a historical Muslim town located in present-day eastern Ethiopia. It served as the first capital of the Adal Sultanate after its founding in the early 15th century by Sabr ad-Din III.
Fedis was a historical region mentioned as far back as the fourteenth century.