1211

Last updated

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1211 by topic
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1211 in poetry
1211 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 1211
MCCXI
Ab urbe condita 1964
Armenian calendar 660
ԹՎ ՈԿ
Assyrian calendar 5961
Balinese saka calendar 1132–1133
Bengali calendar 618
Berber calendar 2161
English Regnal year 12  Joh. 1  – 13  Joh. 1
Buddhist calendar 1755
Burmese calendar 573
Byzantine calendar 6719–6720
Chinese calendar 庚午年 (Metal  Horse)
3908 or 3701
    — to —
辛未年 (Metal  Goat)
3909 or 3702
Coptic calendar 927–928
Discordian calendar 2377
Ethiopian calendar 1203–1204
Hebrew calendar 4971–4972
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1267–1268
 - Shaka Samvat 1132–1133
 - Kali Yuga 4311–4312
Holocene calendar 11211
Igbo calendar 211–212
Iranian calendar 589–590
Islamic calendar 607–608
Japanese calendar Jōgen 5 / Kenryaku 1
(建暦元年)
Javanese calendar 1119–1120
Julian calendar 1211
MCCXI
Korean calendar 3544
Minguo calendar 701 before ROC
民前701年
Nanakshahi calendar −257
Thai solar calendar 1753–1754
Tibetan calendar 阳金马年
(male Iron-Horse)
1337 or 956 or 184
    — to —
阴金羊年
(female Iron-Goat)
1338 or 957 or 185
An illustration of the Battle of Yehuling. Bataille entre mongols & chinois (1211).jpeg
An illustration of the Battle of Yehuling.

Year 1211 ( MCCXI ) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

  • June 17 – Battle of Antioch on the Meander: Seljuk forces led by Sultan Kaykhusraw I are initially victorious with the Latin mercenary cavalry (some 800 men) bearing the brunt of the casualties due to their flanking charge; exhausted by the effort in their attack, the Latin army under Emperor Theodore I Laskaris is struck in the flank and rear by the Seljuk forces. However, the Seljuks stop the fight in order to plunder the Latin camp – which allows Theodore's forces to rally and counter-attack the now disorganized Turks. Meanwhile, Kaykhusraw seeks out Theodore and engages him in single combat, but he is unhorsed and beheaded. The Seljuks are routed and the former Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos, Theodore's father-in-law, is captured and imprisoned, ending his days in enforced monastic seclusion. [1]
  • October 15 – Battle of the Rhyndacus: Latin emperor Henry of Flanders lands with an expeditionary force (some 3,000 men) at Pegai, and marches eastwards to the Rhyndacus River. The Byzantine army (much larger in force overall) under Theodore I prepare an ambush, but Henry assaults his positions along the river and defeats the Byzantine army in a day-long battle. Henry marches unopposed through the remaining Byzantine lands, reaching south as far as Nymphaion. [2]

Mongol Empire

  • Spring – Genghis Khan summons his Mongol chieftains, and prepares to wage war against the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in northern China. He advances across the Gobi Desert with a massive army of 100,000 warriors with 300,000 horses, strung out in perhaps 10–20 groups of 5,000–10,000 men each, each with camel-drawn carts, and all linked by fast-moving messengers. Meanwhile, the Jin Government mobilizes an army of 800,000 men, most of which are untrained peasants with low morale, and some 150,000 highly-trained cavalry. This vast army, however, is spread across the Great Wall, and garrisoned separate fortresses. [3]
  • Battle of Yehuling: Genghis Khan bypasses the Great Wall with little opposition, and splits his forces into two armies. The main army (60,000 men) is led by himself, and the other army is taken by his son Ögedei to attack the city of Datong. Genghis heads for the strategic Juyong Pass ("Young Badger's Mouth") – which leads down to the capital of Zhongdu (modern-day Beijing), but along the way he is halted at the pass of Yehuling where the bulk of the Jin army awaits him. Between March and October, the battle is fought in three stages, after Genghis has defeated the Jin forces, he begins raiding the countryside before he withdraws for the winter. [4]

Europe

Britain

  • Summer – King John of England ("Lackland") campaigns in Wales against Llywelyn the Great, prince of Gwynedd. In July, after the Welsh uprising, John and Llywelyn reach an agreement and a peace treaty is signed.
  • June – Papal legate Pandulf Verraccio arrives in Northampton to serve John with his excommunication ordered by Innocent III. For John this is a serious blow to his ability to rule the country.
  • John sends a gift of herrings to nunneries in almost every shire, despite his status as an excommunicant.
  • The Papal Interdict of 1208 laid by Innocent III remains in force after John refuses to accept the pope's appointee.

Asia

By topic

Religion

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

The 1200s began on January 1, 1200, and ended on December 31, 1209.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1277</span> Calendar year

Year 1277 (MCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

The 1190s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1190, and ended on December 31, 1199.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1220</span> Calendar year

Year 1220 (MCCXX) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1224</span> Calendar year

Year 1224 (MCCXXIV) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1221</span> Calendar year

Year 1221 (MCCXXI) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1125</span> Calendar year

Year 1125 (MCXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1205</span> Calendar year

Year 1205 (MCCV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1214</span> Calendar year

Year 1214 (MCCXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1214th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 214th year of the 2nd millennium, the 14th year of the 13th century, and the 5th year of the 1210s decade.

The 1210s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1210, and ended on December 31, 1219.

The 1220s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1220, and ended on December 31, 1229.

The 1230s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1230, and ended on December 31, 1239.

The 1240s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1240, and ended on December 31, 1249.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1217</span> Calendar year

Year 1217 (MCCXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1207</span> Calendar year

Year 1207 (MCCVII) was a common year starting on Monday under the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1230</span> Calendar year

Year 1230 (MCCXXX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1249</span> Calendar year

Year 1249 (MCCXLIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

The Battle of Pelagonia or Battle of Kastoria took place in early summer or autumn 1259, between the Empire of Nicaea and an anti-Nicaean alliance comprising Despotate of Epirus, Kingdom of Sicily and the Principality of Achaea. It was a decisive event in the history of the Eastern Mediterranean, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople and the end of the Latin Empire in 1261.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Antioch on the Meander</span> Battle between Nicaea Empire and Seljuk Sultanate

The Battle of Antioch on the Meander was a military engagement near Antioch-on-the-Meander between the forces of the Empire of Nicaea and the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm. The Turkish defeat ensured continued Nicaean hegemony of the Aegean coast of Asia Minor. The Seljuk sultan, Kaykhusraw I, was killed on the field of battle. The battle took place near the modern town of Yamalak in Kuyucak district in Aydın Province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Rhyndacus (1211)</span> Part of the Nicaean–Latin Wars

The Battle of the Rhyndacus was fought on 15 October 1211 between the forces of two of the main successor states of the Byzantine Empire, the Latin Empire and the Byzantine Greek Empire of Nicaea, established following the dissolution of the Byzantine state after the Fourth Crusade.

References

  1. ↑ Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary, pp. 131–132. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-921067-1.
  2. ↑ Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary, pp. 148–153. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-921067-1.
  3. ↑ Man, John (2011). Genghis Khan: Life, death and Resurrection, p. 164. ISBN   978-0-553-81498-9.
  4. ↑ Wolter J. Fabrycky; P. M. Ghare; Paul E. Torgersen (1972). Industrial operations research, p. 313. Prentice-Hall. ISBN   978-0-13-464263-5.
  5. ↑ Peter of les Vaux de Cernay (1998). The History of the Albigensian Crusade: Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay's Historia Albigensis, p. 215. ISBN   0-85115-807-2.
  6. ↑ Williams Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 133. ISBN   0-304-35730-8.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.