1241

Last updated

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1241 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar 1241
MCCXLI
Ab urbe condita 1994
Armenian calendar 690
ԹՎ ՈՂ
Assyrian calendar 5991
Balinese saka calendar 1162–1163
Bengali calendar 648
Berber calendar 2191
English Regnal year 25  Hen. 3   26  Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar 1785
Burmese calendar 603
Byzantine calendar 6749–6750
Chinese calendar 庚子年 (Metal  Rat)
3938 or 3731
     to 
辛丑年 (Metal  Ox)
3939 or 3732
Coptic calendar 957–958
Discordian calendar 2407
Ethiopian calendar 1233–1234
Hebrew calendar 5001–5002
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1297–1298
 - Shaka Samvat 1162–1163
 - Kali Yuga 4341–4342
Holocene calendar 11241
Igbo calendar 241–242
Iranian calendar 619–620
Islamic calendar 638–639
Japanese calendar Ninji 2
(仁治2年)
Javanese calendar 1150–1151
Julian calendar 1241
MCCXLI
Korean calendar 3574
Minguo calendar 671 before ROC
民前671年
Nanakshahi calendar −227
Thai solar calendar 1783–1784
Tibetan calendar 阳金鼠年
(male Iron-Rat)
1367 or 986 or 214
     to 
阴金牛年
(female Iron-Ox)
1368 or 987 or 215

Year 1241 ( MCCXLI ) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Pope Gregory IX Gregory IX.jpg
Pope Gregory IX

Events

Births

Deaths

Related Research Articles

The 1240s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1240, and ended on December 31, 1249.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1260</span> Calendar year

Year 1260 (MCCLX) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1265</span> Calendar year

Year 1265 (MCCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ladislaus IV of Hungary</span> King of Hungary and Croatia

Ladislaus IV, also known as Ladislaus the Cuman, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of a chieftain from the pagan Cumans who had settled in Hungary. At the age of seven, he married Elisabeth, a daughter of King Charles I of Sicily. Ladislaus was only 9 when a rebellious lord, Joachim Gutkeled, kidnapped and imprisoned him.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Legnica</span> 13th-century battle during the Mongol invasion of Poland

The Battle of Legnica, also known as the Battle of Liegnitz or Battle of Wahlstatt, was fought between the Mongol Empire and combined European forces that took place at the village of Legnickie Pole (Wahlstatt), approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of the city of Legnica in the Duchy of Silesia on 9 April 1241.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Béla IV of Hungary</span> King of Hungary (1206–1270)

Béla IV was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1235 and 1270, and Duke of Styria from 1254 to 1258. As the oldest son of King Andrew II, he was crowned upon the initiative of a group of influential noblemen in his father's lifetime in 1214. His father, who strongly opposed Béla's coronation, refused to give him a province to rule until 1220. In this year, Béla was appointed Duke of Slavonia, also with jurisdiction in Croatia and Dalmatia. Around the same time, Béla married Maria, a daughter of Theodore I Laskaris, Emperor of Nicaea. From 1226, he governed Transylvania as duke. He supported Christian missions among the pagan Cumans who dwelled in the plains to the east of his province. Some Cuman chieftains acknowledged his suzerainty and he adopted the title of King of Cumania in 1233. King Andrew died on 21 September 1235 and Béla succeeded him. He attempted to restore royal authority, which had diminished under his father. For this purpose, he revised his predecessors' land grants and reclaimed former royal estates, causing discontent among the noblemen and the prelates.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cumans</span> Turkic nomadic people

The Cumans or Kumans were a Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language. They are referred to as Polovtsy in Rus', Cumans in Western and Kipchaks in Eastern sources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mongol invasion of Europe</span> 1220s–1240s military campaign

From the 1220s into the 1240s, the Mongols conquered the Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania and Iranian state of Alania, and various principalities in Eastern Europe. Following this, they began their invasion into Central Europe by launching a two-pronged invasion of then-fragmented Poland, culminating in the Battle of Legnica, and the Kingdom of Hungary, culminating in the Battle of Mohi. Invasions were also launched into the Caucasus against the Kingdom of Georgia, the Chechens, the Ingush, and Circassia though they failed to fully subjugate the latter. More invasions were launched in Southeast Europe against Bulgaria, Croatia, and the Latin Empire. The operations were planned by General Subutai (1175–1248) and commanded by Batu Khan and Kadan, two grandsons of Genghis Khan. Their conquests integrated much of Eastern European territory into the empire of the Golden Horde. Warring European princes realized they had to cooperate in the face of a Mongol invasion, so local wars and conflicts were suspended in parts of central Europe, only to be resumed after the Mongols had withdrawn. After the initial invasions, subsequent raids and punitive expeditions continued into the late 13th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Mohi</span> 1241 battle during the first Mongol invasion of Hungary

The Battle of Mohi, also known as Battle of the Sajó River or Battle of the Tisza River, was the main battle between the Mongol Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary during the Mongol invasion of Europe. It took place at Muhi, southwest of the Sajó River. The battle resulted in a victory for the Mongols, who destroyed the Hungarian Royal army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Köten</span> 13th-century Cuman khan

Köten was a Cuman–Kipchak chieftain (khan) and military commander active in the mid-13th century. He forged an important alliance with the Kievan Rus' against the Mongols but was ultimately defeated by them at the Kalka River in 1223. After the Mongol victory, Köten led 40,000 "huts" to Hungary, where he became an ally of the Hungarian king and accepted Catholicism, but was nonetheless assassinated by the Hungarian nobility.

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania was a Latin-rite bishopric west of the Siret River from 1228 to 1241. The lands incorporated into the diocese had been dominated by the nomadic Cumans since about 1100. Catholic missions began after Andrew II of Hungary granted Burzenland to the Teutonic Knights in 1211. After Andrew expelled the Knights from the territory in 1225, Dominican friars continued the Cuman mission. Robert, Archbishop of Esztergom baptized Boricius, an influential Cuman chieftain, two years later.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth the Cuman</span> Queen consort of Hungary

Elizabeth the Cuman (1244–1290) was the Queen consort of Stephen V of Hungary. She was regent of Hungary during the minority of her son from 1272 to 1277.

The founding of Wallachia, that is the establishment of the first independent Romanian principality, was achieved at the beginning of the 14th century, through the unification of smaller political units that had existed between the Carpathian Mountains, and the Rivers Danube, Siret and Milcov.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Snorri Sturluson</span> Icelandic historian, poet and politician (AD 1179–1241)

Snorri Sturluson was an Icelandic historian, poet, and politician. He was elected twice as lawspeaker of the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He is commonly thought to have authored or compiled portions of the Prose Edda, which is a major source for what is today known about Norse mythology and alliterative verse, and Heimskringla, a history of the Norse kings that begins with legendary material in Ynglinga saga and moves through to early medieval Scandinavian history. For stylistic and methodological reasons, Snorri is often taken to be the author of Egil's saga. He was assassinated in 1241 by men claiming to be agents of the King of Norway.

Pousa, son of Sólyom was a Hungarian nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania twice, in 1227 and 1235 to 1241.

During the Mongol invasion of Europe, Mongol tumens led by Batu Khan and Kadan invaded Serbia and then Bulgaria in the spring of 1242 after defeating the Hungarians at the battle of Mohi and ravaging the Hungarian regions of Croatia, Dalmatia and Bosnia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Second Mongol invasion of Hungary</span> 1285–6 military campaign

The Second Mongol invasion of Hungary led by Nogai Khan and Tulabuga took place during the winter of 1285–1286.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">First Mongol invasion of Hungary</span> Invasion of the Kingdom of Hungary by the Mongol Empire (1241-42)

The first Mongol invasion of Hungary started in March 1241, and the Mongols started to withdraw in late March 1242.

In the summer of 1242, a Mongol force invaded the Latin Empire of Constantinople. This force, a detachment of the army under Qadan then devastating Bulgaria, entered the empire from the north. It was met by the Emperor Baldwin II, who was victorious in a first encounter but was subsequently defeated.

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