1945 in Romania

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See also:	Other events of 1945 ; History of Romania ; Timeline of Romanian history ; Years in Romania ;

Last updated October 08, 2023

Events from the year 1945 in Romania. The year saw the end of Romania's involvement in World War II and the foundation of the pro-Communist government of Petru Groza.

Incumbents

King: Michael I of Romania.^[1]

Prime Minister:^[2]
- Nicolae Rădescu (until 6 March).
- Petru Groza (from 6 March).

Events

13 February – The Budapest Offensive and the Siege of Budapest end with Nazi troops surrendering Budapest, Hungary, to Soviet-Romanian forces.^[3]
28 February – In Bucharest, a violent demonstration takes place, during which the several protesters are killed, compelling Nicolae Rădescu to resign as premier. Andrei Y. Vishinsky, USSR vice commissioner of foreign affairs and president of the Allied Control Commission for Romania, travels to Bucharest to promote a left wing government with communist participation.^[4]
6 March – A pro-Communist government is formed under Petru Groza, following Soviet intervention.^[2]
12 May – The last German troops capitulate, bringing Romania's involvement in the Second World War to an end.^[5]
21 August – In response to the government not resigning as he requested, King Michael starts the "royal strike", refusing the sign any decrees, a situation that continues into the following year.^[6]
8 November – A pro-monarchy demonstration in front of the Royal Palace escalates into street fighting which kills and wounds dozens. Order is restored by Soviet troops.^[7]

Births

5 January – Constantin Radu, footballer (died 2020).^[8]
4 February – Aureliu Manea, theatre director, actor, and writer (died 2014).^[9]
6 March – Paul Grigoriu, journalist and writer (died 2015).^[10]
25 March – Dumitru Antonescu, footballer (died 2016).^[11]
24 April – Miron Chichișan, politician, mayor of Zalău (died 2016).
10 May – Judith Dibar, tennis player.^[12]
24 June – Constantin Gruiescu, Olympic boxer.^[13]
6 July – Doru Davidovici, aviator and writer (died 1989).
24 July – Constantin Mihail, athletics coach (died 2016).^[14]
4 September – Doina Furcoi, Olympic handball player.^[15]
19 September – Ruxandra Sireteanu, behavioural neuroscientist (died 2008).^[16]
22 November – Melania Decuseară, Olympic diver.^[17]
1 November – Vasile Ianul, football player and manager (died 2013).^[18]
18 November – Petru Dugulescu, Baptist pastor, poet, and politician (died 2008).^[19]
1 December – Ghiță Licu, handball player (died 2014).^[20]

Deaths

1 February – Ion Șiugariu, poet and soldier, killed in action in Slovakia during World War II (born 1914).
3 March – Gheorghe Avramescu, general, died in Slovakia during World War II while in NKVD custody (born 1884).^[21]
15 March – Sava Caracaș, general (born 1890).^[22]
4 April – Berta Bock, composer (born 1857).^[23]
7 April – Elizabeth, Princess Bibesco, novelist, playwright and poet (born 1897).^[24]
17 April – Ion Pillat, poet (born 1891).^[25]
29 May – Mihail Sebastian, playwright, journalist and novelist (born 1907).^[26]

Related Research Articles

Petru Groza was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian politician, best known as the first Prime Minister of the Communist Party-dominated government under Soviet occupation during the early stages of the Communist regime in Romania, and later as the President of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly from 1952 until his death in 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolae Rădescu</span> Romanian army officer and political figure

Nicolae Rădescu was a Romanian army officer and political figure. He was the last pre-communist rule Prime Minister of Romania, serving from 7 December 1944 to 1 March 1945.

Ștefan Voitec was a Romanian Marxist journalist and politician who held important positions in the state apparatus of Communist Romania. Debuting as a member of the Socialist Party of Romania in his late teens, he formed the Socialist Workers Party of Romania, then the United Socialist Party, while also engaging in human rights activism and advocating prison reform. The mid 1930s brought him into contact with the Romanian Communist Party, with whom he formed tactical alliances; however, he rejected its political line, and was for a while known as a Trotskyist. In 1939, he joined the consolidated Social Democratic Party, which reunited various socialist groups outlawed by the National Renaissance Front. During World War II, despite ostensibly withdrawing form political life to do research, Voitec served as the party's Secretary and joined the anti-fascist underground. Some reports suggest that he was also a committed anti-communist, critical of the Soviet Union to the point on endorsing war in the East. As a war correspondent, Voitec made contributions to Nazi propaganda, an issue which made him vulnerable to blackmail in later decades.

The Ploughmen's Front was a Romanian left-wing agrarian-inspired political organisation of ploughmen, founded at Deva in 1933 and led by Petru Groza. At its peak in 1946, the Front had over 1 million members.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miron Constantinescu</span> Romanian politician

Miron Constantinescu was a Romanian communist politician, a leading member of the Romanian Communist Party, as well as a Marxist sociologist, historian, academic, and journalist. Initially close to Communist Romania's leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, he became increasingly critical of the latter's Stalinist policies during the 1950s, and was sidelined together with Iosif Chișinevschi. Reinstated under Nicolae Ceauşescu, he became a member of the Romanian Academy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gheorghe Avramescu</span> Romanian general

Gheorghe Avramescu was a Romanian Lieutenant General during World War II. In 1945, he was arrested by the NKVD on the Slovakian front and died in custody the next day.

George or Gheorghe Ranetti, born George Ranete, was a Romanian poet, journalist and playwright, known as the founder and editor of Furnica magazine. A professional journalist from the late 1890s, he alternated between political dailies and literary reviews, being sympathetic to Romanian nationalism and traditionalism, and working under Ion Luca Caragiale at Moftul Român. By 1904–1906, he was active on the margin of left-wing traditionalism, or Poporanism, showing himself sympathetic to republican or generically anti-elitist ideologies. Such views and influences seeped into his activity at Furnica, which was for decades a prominent institution in Romanian humor.

This is a list of 2014 events that occurred in Romania.

The Socialist Peasants' Party was a short-lived political party in Romania, presided over by the academic Mihai Ralea. Created nominally in 1938 but dissolved soon after, it reemerged during World War II. A clandestine group, it opposed the fascist regime of Ion Antonescu, although its own roots were planted in authoritarian politics. Looking to the Soviet Union for inspiration, the PSȚ was cultivated by the Romanian Communist Party (PCdR), and comprised a faction of radicalized social democrats, under Lothar Rădăceanu.

The National Popular Party was an antifascist political party in Romania, founded during World War II as the underground Union of Patriots. The latter had defined itself as a spontaneous movement of resistance to the dictatorial regime of Ion Antonescu, but was largely known as a front for the illegal Romanian Communist Party. Its founders—Dumitru Bagdasar, Gheorghe Vlădescu-Răcoasa, Simion Stoilow—were closely cooperating with PCdR men, but also with liberal opposition forces. Repressed by the authorities, the UP made a comeback after the pro-Allied August 23 Coup of 1944, when it endured as a small ally of the communists—mostly controlled directly by them, but sometimes rebellious.

The following lists events in the year 2016 in Romania.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Second Sănătescu cabinet</span> Government of Romania in 1944

The second cabinet of Constantin Sănătescu was the government of Romania from 4 November to 5 December 1944.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rădescu cabinet</span>

The cabinet of Nicolae Rădescu was the government of Romania from 6 December 1944 to 28 February 1945. It was the last non-Communist government of Romania until the Romanian Revolution.

Events from the year 1948 in Romania. The year saw the formalisation of the Romanian People's Republic.

Events from the year 1949 in Romania. The year saw the introduction of collectivization and the first Romanian identity card.

Events from the year 1953 in Romania. The year saw the death of Carol II.

Events from the year 2009 in Romania.

References

↑ Scurtu, Ioan (2004). Istoria românilor în timpul celor patru regi (1866-1947)[History of the Romanians under the Four Kings (1866-1947)] (in Romanian) (2a. ed.). Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică. pp. 191–199. ISBN 978-9-73450-603-3.
1 2 Cioroianu 2005, p. 159.
↑ Ungvary, Krisztian; Ladislaus Lob; John Lukacs (2005). The Siege of Budapest: One Hundred Days in World War II. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-30010-468-4.
↑ Cioroianu 2005, p. 152.
↑ "Data on Romania's Participation in the Anti-Hitlerite War". Romania in the Anti-Hitler War. Bucharest: Romanian News Agency Agerpres. 15 April 1970. p. 4.
↑ Giurescu, Constantin C.; Matei, Horia C.; Popa, Marcel; Alexandrescu, Ion; Chiper, Ioan (1974). Chronological History of Romania. Bucharest: Enciclopedică Română. p. 362. OCLC 251025169.
↑ Stone, David R. (2006). "The 1945 Ethridge Mission to Bulgaria and Romania and the Origins of the Cold War in the Balkans". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 17: 93–112. doi:10.1080/09592290500533775. S2CID 155033071.
↑ Lonel, Marius (2020-04-16). "A murit Constantin Radu I. Avea tumoare pe creier" [Constantin Radu has died. He had a brain tumour]. Jurnalul de Arges (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2020-05-16.
↑ Pârvulescu, Diana (March 14, 2014). "Regizorul Aureliu Manea a murit la vârsta de 69 de ani". Mediafax (in Romanian). Retrieved October 7, 2023.
↑ Pârvulescu, Diana (April 4, 2015). "Realizatorul de emisiuni radiofonice Paul Grigoriu va fi înmormântat duminică, în județul Dâmbovița". Mediafax . Retrieved October 7, 2023.
↑ Dumitru Antonescu at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian)
↑ "Judith Dibar [ROU]". TennisAbstract. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
↑ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Constantin Gruiescu". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
↑ "Doliu în atletismul românesc! A murit Constantin Gheorghe "Titi" Mihail". Gazeta Sporturilor . January 22, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2023.
↑ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Doina Furcoi". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
↑ Ganea, Constanța (2009). "Ruxandra Sireteanu-Constantinescu (1945–2008)". Curierul de Fizică (in Romanian). 63 (1): 18.
↑ "Melania Decuseară". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
↑ Vasile Ianul at EU-Football.info
↑ Bonte, Zaharia (December 1, 2006). "A murit pastorul Petrică Dugulescu". Pași (in Romanian). Retrieved October 7, 2023.
↑ "Ghiță Licu". www.cosr.ro. Romanian Olympic Committee . Retrieved October 7, 2023.
↑ Stănescu, Manuel. "Generalul Avramescu, trădător sau victimă a NKVD?" [General Avramescu, traitor or victim of the NKVD?]. Historia (in Romanian). Retrieved February 23, 2020.
↑ "Lista eroilor căzuți la datorie în războaiele purtate de armata României" (PDF). veteraniiromaniei.mapn.ro (in Romanian). Ministry of National Defence. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
↑ McVicker, Mary Frech (2016). Women Opera Composers: Biographies from the 1500s to the 21st Century. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland et Company, Inc., Publishers. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-47662-361-0.
↑ Facts on File Yearbook Volume 5. New York: Facts on File. 1946. p. 112. OCLC 867274066.
↑ Serafin 2000, p. 218.
↑ Wasserstein, Bernard (2015). On the Eve: the Jews of Europe before the Second World War. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 454. ISBN 978-1-41659-428-4.

Bibliography

Cioroianu, Adrian (2005). Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc[On the Shoulders of Marx. An Incursion into the History of Romanian Communism] (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Curtea Veche. ISBN 978-973-669-390-8.
Serafin, Steven, ed. (2000). Twentieth-century Eastern European Writers. Detroit: Gale. ISBN 978-0-78763-129-1.

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[1] Scurtu, Ioan (2004). Istoria românilor în timpul celor patru regi (1866-1947)[History of the Romanians under the Four Kings (1866-1947)] (in Romanian) (2a. ed.). Bucharest: Editura Enciclopedică. pp. 191–199. ISBN 978-9-73450-603-3.

[FOOTNOTECioroianu2005159-2] 1 2 Cioroianu 2005, p. 159.

[3] Ungvary, Krisztian; Ladislaus Lob; John Lukacs (2005). The Siege of Budapest: One Hundred Days in World War II. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 512. ISBN 978-0-30010-468-4.

[FOOTNOTECioroianu2005152-4] Cioroianu 2005, p. 152.

[5] "Data on Romania's Participation in the Anti-Hitlerite War". Romania in the Anti-Hitler War. Bucharest: Romanian News Agency Agerpres. 15 April 1970. p. 4.

[6] Giurescu, Constantin C.; Matei, Horia C.; Popa, Marcel; Alexandrescu, Ion; Chiper, Ioan (1974). Chronological History of Romania. Bucharest: Enciclopedică Română. p. 362. OCLC 251025169.

[7] Stone, David R. (2006). "The 1945 Ethridge Mission to Bulgaria and Romania and the Origins of the Cold War in the Balkans". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 17: 93–112. doi:10.1080/09592290500533775. S2CID 155033071.

[8] Lonel, Marius (2020-04-16). "A murit Constantin Radu I. Avea tumoare pe creier" [Constantin Radu has died. He had a brain tumour]. Jurnalul de Arges (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2020-05-16.

[9] Pârvulescu, Diana (March 14, 2014). "Regizorul Aureliu Manea a murit la vârsta de 69 de ani". Mediafax (in Romanian). Retrieved October 7, 2023.

[10] Pârvulescu, Diana (April 4, 2015). "Realizatorul de emisiuni radiofonice Paul Grigoriu va fi înmormântat duminică, în județul Dâmbovița". Mediafax . Retrieved October 7, 2023.

[11] Dumitru Antonescu at RomanianSoccer.ro (in Romanian)

[12] "Judith Dibar [ROU]". TennisAbstract. Retrieved 23 October 2021.

[13] Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Constantin Gruiescu". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.

[14] "Doliu în atletismul românesc! A murit Constantin Gheorghe "Titi" Mihail". Gazeta Sporturilor . January 22, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2023.

[15] Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Doina Furcoi". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2021.

[16] Ganea, Constanța (2009). "Ruxandra Sireteanu-Constantinescu (1945–2008)". Curierul de Fizică (in Romanian). 63 (1): 18.

[17] "Melania Decuseară". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 19 May 2020.

[18] Vasile Ianul at EU-Football.info

[19] Bonte, Zaharia (December 1, 2006). "A murit pastorul Petrică Dugulescu". Pași (in Romanian). Retrieved October 7, 2023.

[20] "Ghiță Licu". www.cosr.ro. Romanian Olympic Committee . Retrieved October 7, 2023.

[21] Stănescu, Manuel. "Generalul Avramescu, trădător sau victimă a NKVD?" [General Avramescu, traitor or victim of the NKVD?]. Historia (in Romanian). Retrieved February 23, 2020.

[22] "Lista eroilor căzuți la datorie în războaiele purtate de armata României" (PDF). veteraniiromaniei.mapn.ro (in Romanian). Ministry of National Defence. Retrieved August 7, 2021.

[23] McVicker, Mary Frech (2016). Women Opera Composers: Biographies from the 1500s to the 21st Century. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland et Company, Inc., Publishers. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-47662-361-0.

[24] Facts on File Yearbook Volume 5. New York: Facts on File. 1946. p. 112. OCLC 867274066.

[FOOTNOTESerafin2000218-25] Serafin 2000, p. 218.

[26] Wasserstein, Bernard (2015). On the Eve: the Jews of Europe before the Second World War. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 454. ISBN 978-1-41659-428-4.

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