1994 Maryland gubernatorial election

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1994 Maryland gubernatorial election
Flag of Maryland.svg
←  1990 November 8, 1994 1998  →
Turnout60.67% Increase2.svg 5.82% [1]
  Governor Parris Glendening.jpg Ellen Sauerbrey, DoS official photo.jpg
Nominee Parris Glendening Ellen Sauerbrey
Party Democratic Republican
Running mate Kathleen Kennedy Townsend Paul Rappaport
Popular vote708,094702,101
Percentage50.2%49.8%
1994 Maryland gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
County results
Glendening:     50-60%     60-70%     70-80%
Sauerbrey:     50-60%     60-70%     70-80%
Governor before election

William Donald Schaefer
Democratic

Elected Governor

Parris Glendening
Democratic

The 1994 Maryland gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1994. Incumbent Democratic Governor William Donald Schaefer was ineligible for re-election. Prince George's County Executive Parris Glendening emerged victorious from the Democratic primary after defeating several candidates. Maryland House minority leader Ellen Sauerbrey, who would also be the 1998 Republican nominee for Governor, won her party's nomination.

Contents

In the general election, Glendening narrowly defeated Sauerbrey by a margin of 50.2 percent to 49.8 percent, or by 5,993 votes, the closest gubernatorial election in Maryland since 1919 [2] and the first gubernatorial election in Maryland history to be decided by an absentee runoff. [3] Sauerbrey's campaign challenged the results of the election, filing a lawsuit alleging voter fraud and election irregularities; her claims were rejected by Anne Arundel Circuit Court Judge Raymond G. Thieme Jr. in January 1995. [4]

This election marked the first time since 1915 that a Democrat won Maryland without Baltimore County, the first time since 1930 that a Democrat won Maryland without Cecil County, and the first time since 1919 that a Democrat won without St. Mary’s County. [5] [6] This is the last time Howard County voted for the statewide loser.

Democratic primary

Campaign

Baltimore mayor Kurt Schmoke, who was seen as the likely Democratic frontrunner in the race, [7] [8] announced in September 1993 that he would not run for governor, instead opting for a third term as mayor in 1995. [9]

Prince George's County Executive Parris Glendening, Lieutenant Governor Melvin Steinberg, and state senator Mary Boergers were among the first candidates to enter the race for governor. Governor William Donald Schaefer, unimpressed with the early candidates, who were distancing themselves from Schaefer, encouraged state senator American Joe Miedusiewski and U.S. representatives Steny Hoyer and Ben Cardin to enter the race. [10] [11] Although Miedusiewski entered the race a few weeks later, [12] Schaefer declined to endorse him, saying that he didn't do endorsements, but urged voters to support him. [13]

Steinberg was initially viewed as the frontrunner of the Democratic primary, but his campaign suffered from poor fundraising and gaffes that contributed to his dwindling lead in polling. [14] Glendening receiving the endorsements of both Schmoke [15] and Montgomery County Executive Neal Potter [16] established him as the new frontrunner in the race [17] and gave him an overwhelming lead in the Washington, D.C. suburbs and Baltimore City, which led to his resounding victory in the Democratic primary in September 1994. [18]

Candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

Withdrawn

Declined

Endorsements

Mary Boergers
Organizations
Parris Glendening
U.S. representatives
Statewide elected officials
State senators
State delegates
Local officials
Individuals
Organizations
Labor unions
Newspapers
American Joe Miedusiewski
State senators
Labor unions
Melvin Steinberg
State delegates
Labor unions
Declined to endorse
Statewide officials

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Mary
Boergers		Parris
Glendening		American Joe
Miedusiewski		Melvin
Steinberg		OtherUndecided
Mason-Dixon Research September 7–8, 1994581 (LV)± 4.1%10%45%13%20%2%10%
Mason-Dixon Research August 26–28, 1994421 (LV)± 4.8%8%43%10%16%2%21%
Mason-Dixon Research July 15–17, 1994839 (RV)± 3.5%12%38%16%11%–23%
Mason-Dixon Research June 16–18, 1994818 (RV)± 5.0%10%31%7%21%–31%
Maryland Businesses
for Responsible Government 		April 21–27, 1994814 (LV)–7%16%5.4%15.4%––
Mason-Dixon Research January 31 – February 2, 1994491 (RV)± 3.5%8%18%4%28%––
9%19%4%28%5% [lower-alpha 2] –
Cooper & Secrest Associates [upper-alpha 1] December 13–19, 1993814 (LV)–7%16%6%26%–45%
Hypothetical polling
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Mary
Boergers		J. Joseph
Curran Jr.		Parris
Glendening		R. Clayton
Mitchell Jr.		Kurt
Schmoke		Melvin
Steinberg		Undecided
Mason-Dixon Research July 29–31, 1993502 (RV)± 3.5%11%11%12%–33%13%27%
Mason-Dixon Research February 26–28, 1993811 (LV)± 3.5%–15%10%5%31%13%27%
–21%15%––19%45%

Results

Results by county .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Glendening 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 80-90% Miedusiewski 40-50% 1994 Maryland gubernatorial Democratic primary election results map by county.svg
Results by county
  Glendening
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  •   80–90%
  Miedusiewski
  •   40–50%
Democratic primary results [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Democratic
  • Parris Glendening
  • Kathleen Kennedy Townsend
293,314 53.59
Democratic
  • American Joe Miedusiewski
  • Bernie Fowler
100,29618.32
Democratic
  • Melvin A. Steinberg
  • James C. Simpson
82,30815.04
Democratic
  • Mary Boergers
  • Barbara Osborn Kreamer
46,8888.57
Democratic
  • Don Allensworth
  • Linda Hartman
15,6802.86
Democratic
  • Walter Gilcrist Finch
  • John Siegert
5,3690.98
Democratic
  • Lawrence K. Freeman
  • Mark Nafziger
3,5180.64
Total votes547,373 100.00

Republican primary

Campaign

Ahead of the election, Republicans expressed optimism in their ability to retake the governor's office, [46] with party nominees receiving about 40 percent of the vote in recent elections [47] and polls showing voters strongly disapproving of Governor William Donald Schaefer as a result of his support for a $800 million tax restructuring package and media coverage of his "style" problems, including his "shithouse" gaffe. [48] [49] Potential Republican candidates predicted a crowded Democratic field to succeed Schaefer in 1994 and a resulting fratricide that would make coalescing around a single candidate following the primary elections challenging for the Democratic Party. Republicans also believed that the party was likely to nominate an urban-oriented nominee, which they saw as an ideal general election opponent. [47]

1990 gubernatorial nominee William Shepard became the first candidate to enter the race, followed shortly afterwards by House of Delegates minority leader Ellen Sauerbrey in April 1993. [50] Anne Arundel County Executive Robert R. Neall, who was viewed as the early Republican frontrunner, [51] announced in October 1993 that he would not run for governor, clearing a path for U.S. representative Helen Delich Bentley, [52] who announced her candidacy for governor a month later. [53]

Sauerbrey steadily rose in polling during the Republican primary election, bringing the gap between her and Bentley within 13 points five days before the primary. [14] She also criticized Bentley as a "big-spending liberal", citing her voting record in Congress; Bentley did not respond to Sauerbrey's attacks and chose to keep a low profile at debates, opting to instead focus on the general election. Sauerbrey won the Republican nomination in an upset in September 1994, defeating Bentley by a margin of 52 percent to 38 percent. Sauerbrey's surprise win marked a rightward shift in the Maryland Republican Party's politics and was one of many defeats for the Republican establishment, as voters rejected two of the state's three members on the Republican National Committee and defeated establishment candidate Richard Taylor in the Comptroller primary election. [54]

Candidates

Nominee

Eliminated in primary

Declined

Endorsements

Helen Delich Bentley
U.S. senators
U.S. representatives
Statewide elected officials
Organizations
Ellen Sauerbrey
Executive Branch officials

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Helen Delich
Bentley		Ellen
Sauerbrey		William
Shephard		Undecided
Mason-Dixon Research September 7–8, 1994368 (LV)± 5.2%45%32%7%16%
Mason-Dixon Research August 26–28, 1994228 (LV)± 6.6%44%27%10%19%
Mason-Dixon Research July 15–17, 1994839 (RV)± 3.5%48%14%11%27%
Mason-Dixon Research June 16–18, 1994818 (RV)± 5.0%41%11%9%39%
Tarrant Group [upper-alpha 2] May 10–11, 1994700 (V)–43%9%7%–
Maryland Businesses
for Responsible Government 		April 21–27, 1994814 (LV)–28.5%10.4%14.5%–
Mason-Dixon Research January 31 – February 2, 1994261 (RV)± 3.5%46%7%9%38%
Hypothetical polling
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Helen Delich
Bentley		Bill
Brock		Robert
Neall		Ellen
Sauerbrey		William
Shephard		Undecided
Mason-Dixon Research July 29–31, 1993502 (RV)± 3.5%31%–19%6%5%39%
Mason-Dixon Research February 26–28, 1993811 (LV)± 3.5%34%4%10%–11%41%
–5%17%13%13%52%

Results

Results by county Sauerbrey 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% Bentley 40-50% 50-60% 1994 Maryland gubernatorial Republican primary election results map by county.svg
Results by county
  Sauerbrey
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  •   60–70%
  Bentley
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
Republican primary results [45]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Republican
  • Ellen Sauerbrey
  • Paul Rappaport
123,676 52.18
Republican
  • Helen Delich Bentley
  • Howard A. Denis
89,82137.90
Republican
  • William S. Shepard
  • Julia Walsh Gouge
23,5059.92
Total votes237,002 100.00

General election

Campaign

In the general election, Glendening sought to position himself as a prudent fiscal manager, citing his record as county executive, and on a platform supporting education, public safety, and environmental protection. Sauerbrey continued to campaign on lowering taxes and deregulation. [60] [61]

In the final eight weeks of the election, Glendening spent $2.5 million on campaign ads portraying Sauerbrey as a right-wing extremist who would roll back protections on gun control and abortion rights, and associating her with televangelist Pat Robertson and his Christian Coalition, who distributed campaign literature in churches spotlighting certain political positions of Glendening and Sauerbrey. [62] [63] He also criticized her pledge to cut taxes, calling her a "millionairess" and arguing that it would curtail essential state services and force local jurisdictions to compensate by raising property taxes. As a result of the ad blitz, Sauerbrey's approval ratings fell into the 30 percent range within the final days of the election. [60]

Glendening's narrow win in the general election against Sauerbrey led Governor Schaefer to call for a "rebuilding" of the Maryland Democratic Party led by U.S. senator Barbara Mikulski. [64]

Endorsements

Parris Glendening (D)
Executive Branch officials
Statewide officials
State senators
Local officials
Individuals
Organizations
Newspapers
Ellen Sauerbrey (R)
U.S. representatives
Party officials
Organizations

Polling

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Parris
Glendening (D)		Ellen
Sauerbrey (R)		Undecided
Mason-Dixon Research November 2–4, 19941,100 (LV)± 3.0%47%45%–
Mason-Dixon Research October 13–15, 1994826 (RV)± 3.5%48%42%10%
The Washington Post October 8–11, 1994808 (LV)± 4.0%53%37%10%
Mason-Dixon Research September 21–23, 1994829 (RV)± 3.5%47%40%13%
Hypotenuse Inc. Early September 1994500 (RV)± 4.5%48%47%–
Hypothetical polling
Parris Glendening vs. Helen Delich Bentley
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Parris
Glendening		Helen Delich
Bentley		Undecided
Mason-Dixon Research August 26–28, 1994824 (LV)± 3.5%43%37%20%
Mason-Dixon Research July 15–17, 1994839 (RV)± 3.5%38%41%21%
Mason-Dixon Research June 16–18, 1994818 (RV)± 5.0%37%35%28%
Tarrant Group [upper-alpha 2] May 10–11, 1994700 (V)–37%39%24%
Melvin Steinberg vs. Helen Delich Bentley
Poll sourceDate(s)
administered		Sample
size [lower-alpha 1] 		Margin
of error		Melvin
Steinberg		Helen Delich
Bentley		Undecided
Tarrant Group [upper-alpha 2] May 10–11, 1994700 (V)–32%38%30%
Mason-Dixon Research January 31 – February 2, 1994261 (RV)± 3.5%28%34%38%

Results

Maryland gubernatorial election, 1994 [75]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Democratic
708,094 50.21% -9.55%
Republican
702,10149.78%+9.55%
Write-in 1050.02%N/A
Majority5,9930.42%-19.58%
Turnout 1,410,30060.67%+5.82%
Democratic hold Swing

Dispute over results

On November 12, 1994, Sauerbrey's campaign said that it had hired sixteen professional investigators, led by attorney George Beall and party counsel Chris West, to probe complaints of voter fraud and irregularities in the gubernatorial general election. [76] [77] The investigation claimed that voting machines in Prince George's and Montgomery counties and the city of Baltimore had been tampered with to record votes from 4,774 incarcerated individuals, 37 dead voters, 71 individuals who provided elections officials with addresses of vacant buildings, 20 unregistered voters, and 84 voters who had voted twice. Sauerbrey filed an unprecedented [78] lawsuit seeking to overturn the general election results, citing the findings of her investigation and earlier claims that about 2,000 absentee ballots were cast without a required affidavit or processed early by election officials. [79] [80] Lawyers for the Glendening campaign sought to dismiss Sauerbrey's lawsuit, saying that the alleged voting irregularities were "the result of [at worst] excusable neglect, or do not involve intentially wrongful acts or acts of fraud by voters, election officials, or others" and that Sauerbrey could not prove that such voters cast ballots for Glendening or voted in the governor's race at all. Maryland attorney general J. Joseph Curran Jr. also sought the dismissal of the lawsuit, saying that the Constitution of Maryland gave the Maryland House of Delegates exclusive jurisdiciton over deciding the outcome of a disputed gubernatorial election. [81]

On January 14, 1995, Anne Arundel Circuit Court Judge Raymond G. Thieme Jr. rejected Sauerbrey's claims, saying that while the Maryland Republican Party's investigation of the election presented "serious problems in Baltimore City", Sauerbrey presented no "clear and convicing" proof of election fraud. [4] Sauerbrey initially planned to appeal Judge Thieme's decision, but withdrew her appeal on January 16, 1995. [82]

In November 2020, in an interview with Maryland Matters after President Donald Trump made false claims about voter fraud in the 2020 presidential election, Sauerbrey expressed no regrets about challenging her 1994 election outcome. [83]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Key:
    A – all adults
    RV – registered voters
    LV – likely voters
    V – unclear
  2. ↑ Stewart Bainum with 5%
Partisan clients
  1. ↑ Poll sponsored by Steinberg's campaign.
  2. 1 2 3 Poll sponsored by Bentley's campaign.

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References

  1. ↑ "1994 Gubernatorial Election". elections.maryland.gov. Maryland State Board of Elections . Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  2. ↑ Rasmussen, Frederick N. (November 10, 1994). "Maryland's last cliffhanger was 1919 governor's race". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  3. ↑ Frece, John W. (November 9, 1994). "Republicans anticipated absentee role". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  4. 1 2 Montgomery, David (January 14, 1995). "Judge rejects Sauerbrey's bid to overturn vote in Maryland". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  5. ↑ "Archives of Maryland, Volume 0126, Page 0249 - Maryland Manual, 1915-16". msa.maryland.gov. Retrieved January 17, 2022.
  6. ↑ Maryland Manual. Hall of Records Commission. 1987.
  7. ↑ Banisky, Sandy; Bowman, Tom (February 26, 1993). "1994 governor's race heats up: Schmoke says he may enter". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  8. ↑ Fletcher, Michael A. (August 15, 1993). "Schmoke moving fast, if not running". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  9. 1 2 Fletcher, Michael A. (September 21, 1993). "Schmoke is out of governor's race". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  10. ↑ Tapscott, Richard (October 20, 1993). "Gov. Schaefer goes a-courting". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  11. ↑ Timberg, Robert (October 20, 1993). "Schaefer encourages 4 to enter governor's race In slap at current candidates, governor turns to 3 Democrats, GOP's Bentley". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  12. 1 2 Tapscott, Richard (November 17, 1993). "An unforgettable name goes on Md. ballot". The Washington Post . Retrieved December 13, 2023.
  13. 1 2 Waldron, Thomas W. (August 10, 1994). "Governor embraces Miedusiewski, sort of". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  14. 1 2 Frece, John W.; Timberg, Robert (September 14, 1994). "Tight race for governor seen in Nov". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  15. 1 2 3 4 "Schmoke boosts Glendening". The Baltimore Sun . April 29, 1994. Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 Babington, Charles (May 9, 1994). "Glendening Wins Second Big Endorsement". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  17. ↑ Frece, John W. (May 29, 1994). "Glendening emerging as front-runner". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  18. ↑ "Ideological opposites to vie in Nov. race for governor". The Baltimore Sun . September 14, 1994. Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  19. 1 2 3 Fletcher, Michael A. (April 26, 1994). "Glendening makes it official: He's in the race for governor". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  20. ↑ Timberg, Robert (June 19, 1994). "Glendening picks Townsend as No. 2". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1994 Gubernatorial Election Primary Candidate Listing". elections.maryland.gov. Maryland State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  22. ↑ Timberg, Robert (October 14, 1993). "Boergers opens campaign with 'outsider' theme". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  23. ↑ Frece, John (July 4, 1994). "Boergers sets 1st all-female ticket". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  24. ↑ Zorzi, William F. Jr. (June 30, 1994). "Miedusiewski names Fowler as running mate". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  25. ↑ Tapscott, Richard (June 9, 1993). "Running to be No. 1 in Md". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  26. 1 2 Timberg, Robert (July 6, 1994). "Steinberg picks Simpson after O'Reilly declines". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  27. ↑ Abramowitz, Michael; Tapscott, Richard (May 16, 1994). "Bainum passed up Md. race for firm, family, he says". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  28. 1 2 Frece, John W. (May 25, 1994). "Conaway gives up candidacy". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  29. ↑ Heath, Thomas (September 13, 1994). "General Assembly". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  30. 1 2 Tapscott, Richard (October 13, 1993). "Big name Democrats eye governor's race". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  31. ↑ Frece, John W. (September 8, 1993). "Curran says he won't run for governor". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  32. 1 2 Abramowitz, Michael; Babington, Charles (April 20, 1994). "Glendening gets Hoyer on board". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  33. ↑ "Mitchell affirms he's out of race for governorship 'It's not for me,' the speaker says". The Baltimore Sun . November 4, 1993. Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  34. 1 2 Tapscott, Richard (April 29, 1994). "Schmoke throws his support to Glendening gubernatorial bird". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  35. ↑ Fletcher, Michael A. (June 2, 1994). "Boergers endorsed by EMILY's List". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  36. ↑ Abramowitz, Michael (April 8, 1994). "Glendening's stumping has senators grumping". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  37. ↑ Fletcher, Michael A. (April 28, 1994). "Mayor likely to back Glendening". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  38. 1 2 Abramowitz, Michael (April 13, 1994). "Maryland police union backs Glendening in close vote". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  39. ↑ Waldron, Thomas W. (August 4, 1994). "Environmental leaders endorse Glendening". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  40. 1 2 Zorzi, William F. Jr. (July 15, 1994). "Glendening backed by big labor". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  41. 1 2 3 Tapscott, Richard (May 12, 1994). "Gunning Up for Fall". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  42. ↑ Waldron, Thomas W. (August 26, 1994). "Gubernatorial hopefuls at odds over 30-second Steinberg TV ad". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  43. ↑ Zorzi, William F. Jr. (November 17, 1993). "Miedusiewski's populist message marks start of his gubernatorial bid Democratic hopeful seen as dark horse". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  44. ↑ Carson, Larry (September 14, 1994). "Ruppersberger gets the nod in Balto. Co". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  45. 1 2 "1994 Gubernatorial Election".
  46. ↑ Stuckey, Tom (August 1, 1993). "Md. has bumper corp of gubernatorial hopefuls". The Daily Times. Associated Press . Retrieved March 6, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  47. 1 2 Smith, Herbert C. (August 15, 1993). "Potential Candidates for Governor, Their Strategies and Liabilities". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  48. ↑ Jensen, Peter (March 14, 1991). "Poll puts Schaefer's popularity at an all-time low". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  49. ↑ Rascovar, Barry (August 2, 1992). "Maryland GOP Has a Chance for a 'Dream Team'". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  50. 1 2 Smith, C. Fraser (April 21, 1993). "Republicans running a straw poll". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  51. ↑ Jensen, Peter (September 19, 1993). "Neall names 26-member panel to gauge his election chances". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  52. 1 2 "Bentley to decide on governor's race by Nov. 8". The Star Democrat . October 18, 1993. Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  53. 1 2 Timberg, Robert; Zorzi Jr., William F. (November 10, 1993). "Bentley decides: She will run for governor GOP contender is a Schaefer favorite". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved September 20, 2023.
  54. 1 2 3 Goldstein, Amy; Tapscott, Richard (September 15, 1994). "A long shot, Sauerbrey hit mark in Md". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  55. ↑ Melton, R. H. (April 20, 1994). "Md. candidate Sauerbrey names her running mate". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  56. ↑ Frece, John W.; Timberg, Robert (June 21, 1994). "Bentley chooses Denis as her running mate". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  57. ↑ Sullivan, Kevin (May 16, 1994). "Shepard running again in Maryland for GOP gubernatorial nomination". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 3, 2024.
  58. ↑ Sun, Baltimore (June 26, 1994). "Gouge exit roils race for House". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  59. 1 2 3 Stuckey, Tom (April 24, 1994). "Republicans running a straw poll". The Star Democrat. Associated Press . Retrieved March 9, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  60. 1 2 Frece, John W.; Timberg, Robert (November 15, 1994). "Slim win may hamper Glendening administration". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  61. ↑ Abramowitz, Michael (October 6, 1994). "Sauerbrey brings tax attack to Glendening's turf". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  62. ↑ Babington, Charles; Shen, Fern (November 4, 1994). "Religious right's activism roils Md. governor's race". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  63. ↑ Waldron, Thomas W. (November 5, 1994). "A Glendening ad stirs Sauerbrey's fury". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  64. ↑ DeFilippo, Frank A. (November 17, 1994). "State Democratic Party left in shambles". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  65. 1 2 Obermayer, Joel (September 27, 1994). "Bradys back Glendening and criticize Sauerbrey". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  66. ↑ Frece, John W. (October 19, 1994). "Schaefer on stump backing Glendening". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  67. ↑ Timberg, Robert (October 12, 1994). "Miedusiewski throws support to Glendening, having found a 'comfort level'". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  68. ↑ Banisky, Sandy (November 9, 2014). "Du Burns tells voters to defeat 'that woman'". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  69. ↑ "Republicans defect to Glendening". The Baltimore Sun . October 26, 1994. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  70. ↑ Shen, Fern (November 4, 1994). "Md. contest accentuates new twist in gender gap". The Washington Post . Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  71. ↑ "Glendening for Governor". The Baltimore Sun . October 30, 1994. Retrieved March 8, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  72. ↑ "Glendening, Sauerbrey charge 11th-hour switches on issues". The Baltimore Sun . November 4, 1994. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  73. ↑ Waldron, Thomas W. (September 22, 1994). "Sauerbrey gets $1 million for campaign". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  74. ↑ Frece, John W. (October 18, 1994). "NRA touts Sauerbrey in voter mailing". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024– via Newspapers.com.
  75. ↑ "Maryland General Election, 1994 - Governor & Lt. Governor".
  76. ↑ Timberg, Robert; Waldron, Thomas W. (November 12, 1994). "Glendening on brink of win Sauerbrey says she may not close gap of 2,543 votes". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  77. ↑ "Challenge in governor's race uncharted territory Lawyers research candidate options". The Baltimore Sun . November 12, 1994. Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  78. ↑ Frece, John W. (December 29, 1994). "Sauerbrey suit over election is put on fast track". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  79. ↑ Frece, John W.; Zorzi, William F. Jr. (December 28, 1994). "11,000 votes challenged Republican Ellen Sauerbrey officially files suit contesting November election". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  80. ↑ Janofsky, Michael (December 29, 1994). "Loser for Maryland Governor Files Suit to Overturn Election". The New York Times . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  81. ↑ Frece, John W. (December 31, 1994). "Glendening seeks dismissal of Sauerbrey suit". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  82. ↑ James, Michael (January 16, 1995). "Sauerbrey abandons election appeal". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
  83. ↑ Rydell, John (November 7, 2020). "Glendening, Sauerbrey Reflect on the Ballot Impasse - And Their Own". Maryland Matters . Retrieved March 10, 2024.
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