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General elections were held in Panama on Sunday, 2 May 2004, electing both a new President of the Republic and a new Legislative Assembly.
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General elections were held in Panama on Sunday, 2 May 2004, electing both a new President of the Republic and a new Legislative Assembly.
For the second consecutive election, Martín Torrijos, son of former military ruler Omar Torrijos, was named the candidate of the Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD); in 1999, he had lost to Mireya Moscoso. Torrijos ran on a platform of strengthening democracy and negotiating a free trade agreement with the US, and was supported by popular musician and politician Rubén Blades; [1] Torrijos later made Blades the nation's tourism minister. [2] Torrijos' primary rival was Guillermo Endara, who had served as president from 1990 to 1994. Endara ran as the candidate of the Solidarity Party, on a platform of reducing crime and government corruption. [3] Endara and the other candidates also ran a series of negative ads highlighting the PRD's connections with former military ruler Manuel Noriega. [4] Endara finished second in the race, receiving 31% of the vote to Torrijos' 47%. [1]
Torrijos assumed office on 1 September 2004. Voters also elected his two vice-presidents, who run on party tickets in conjunction with the presidential candidates.
| Candidate | Party or alliance | Votes | % | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Martín Torrijos | New Fatherland | Democratic Revolutionary Party | 649,157 | 43.30 | ||
| People's Party | 62,007 | 4.14 | ||||
| Total | 711,164 | 47.44 | ||||
| Guillermo Endara | Solidarity Party | 462,824 | 30.87 | |||
| José Miguel Alemán | Vision of the Country | Arnulfista Party | 162,830 | 10.86 | ||
| Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement | 60,106 | 4.01 | ||||
| National Liberal Party | 22,632 | 1.51 | ||||
| Total | 245,568 | 16.38 | ||||
| Ricardo Martinelli | Democratic Change | 79,491 | 5.30 | |||
| Total | 1,499,047 | 100.00 | ||||
| Valid votes | 1,499,047 | 97.51 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 38,295 | 2.49 | ||||
| Total votes | 1,537,342 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,999,553 | 76.88 | ||||
| Source: Nohlen [5] | ||||||
In addition to its president and vice presidents, Panama elected a new Legislative Assembly (78 members), 20 deputies to represent the country at the Central American Parliament, and a string of mayors and other municipal officers.
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party or alliance | Votes | % | Seats | |||
| New Fatherland | Democratic Revolutionary Party | 549,948 | 37.85 | 41 | ||
| People's Party | 86,727 | 5.97 | 1 | |||
| Total | 636,675 | 43.82 | 42 | |||
| Vision of the Country | Arnulfista Party | 279,560 | 19.24 | 17 | ||
| Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement | 125,547 | 8.64 | 4 | |||
| National Liberal Party | 76,191 | 5.24 | 3 | |||
| Total | 481,298 | 33.12 | 24 | |||
| Solidarity Party | 227,604 | 15.66 | 9 | |||
| Democratic Change | 107,511 | 7.40 | 3 | |||
| Total | 1,453,088 | 100.00 | 78 | |||
| Valid votes | 1,453,088 | 95.29 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 71,888 | 4.71 | ||||
| Total votes | 1,524,976 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,999,553 | 76.27 | ||||
| Source: Nohlen [6] | ||||||
The Panama City mayor race was won also by the PRD. Mayor Juan Carlos Navarro was re-elected.
Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez is a Panamanian politician who served as the President of Panama from 1999 to 2004. She is the country's first and to date only female president.
Martín Erasto Torrijos Espino is a Panamanian politician who was President of Panama from 2004 to 2009.
Guillermo David Endara Galimany was a Panamanian politician who served as the president of Panama from 1989 to 1994. Raised in a family allied to Panameñista Party founder Arnulfo Arias, Endara attended school in exile in the United States and Argentina following Arias's removal from power. Endara later received a law degree in Panama. He subsequently served as a member of Panama's National Assembly, and briefly as a government minister before heading into exile again following Arias' third overthrow.
The Democratic Revolutionary Party is a centre-left political party in Panama founded in 1979 by General Omar Torrijos. It holds the presidency since 2019 under Laurentino Cortizo.
The Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement is a centre-right conservative-liberal political party in Panama.
The People's Party is a Panamanian Christian democratic political party. Founded in 1956, it was made up of middle-class professionals, intellectuals and students, with support from trade unions, particularly the Federation of Christian Workers. It went on to become one of Latin America's most conservative and anti-communist Christian democratic parties. The ideological foundation of the party is based on the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. The PP is a full member of the Christian Democrat International and Christian Democratic Organization of America.
Ernesto Pérez Balladares González-Revilla, nicknamed El Toro, is a Panamanian politician who was the President of Panama between 1994 and 1999.
The Panameñista Party is a nationalist political party in Panama. It was the third largest party by number of adherents with 256,138 members.
General elections were held in Panama on May 3, 2009.
Balbina Del Carmen Herrera Araúz is a Panamanian politician and presidential candidate in the 2009 Panamanian general election. On May 3, 2009, she lost the race to the presidency of the Republic of Panama to center-right candidate Ricardo Martinelli.
Panama is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America
General elections were held in Panama on 8 May 1994, electing both a new President of the Republic and a new Legislative Assembly.
General elections were held in Panama on 7 May 1989, with the goal of electing both a new President of the Republic and a new Legislative Assembly. The two primary candidates in the presidential race were Guillermo Endara, who headed Democratic Alliance of Civic Opposition (ADOC), a coalition opposed to military ruler Manuel Noriega, and Carlos Duque, who headed the pro-Noriega Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD).
Parliamentary elections were held in Panama on 6 August 1978, electing both a new National Assembly of Community Representatives.
Parliamentary elections were held in Panama on 6 August 1972, electing both a new National Assembly of Community Representatives.
The National Patriotic Coalition was a Panamanian conservative nationalist political party.
The National Liberation Movement was a Panamanian right-wing liberal political party.
Ana Mae Diaz de Endara was the First Lady of Panama from 1990–1994.
Carlos Alberto Duque Jaén was a Panamanian businessman and politician who was President-for-Life of Panama's Partido Revolucionario Democrático (PRD). He was a presidential candidate for the PRD in the 1989 presidential election.
Gerardo González Vernaza was a Panamanian politician from Veraguas Province. He served as Vice President of Panama and President of the National Assembly, serving in the latter post from 1997 to 1999.
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