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The 2007 Kolkata riots took place in Kolkata on 21 November 2007, when Muslim anti-Taslima protesters under the banner of All India Minority Forum blockaded major portions of central Kolkata and resorted to arson and violence. [1] The Left Front led State Government deployed the army in the afternoon of that day.
On 17 August, Muslim clerics in Kolkata issued death warrant against Bangladeshi writer Taslima Nasreen. [2]
Several media persons from television channels were hurt due to stone pelting. The rioters set fire to two party offices of the ruling party Communist Party of India (Marxist). The violence led to severe traffic snarls during the morning rush hour. Most of the violence was concentrated in the Muslim Majority neighbourhoods of Central and East Kolkata. Park Circus Area, Topsia, Tiljala, Tangra, Park Street- MullickBazar, Eliot Road, Ripon Street, Royd Street, Colin Street, Marquis Street, Raja Bazar, Sealdah, Moulali, C.I.T.Road and adjoining areas of John Burdon Sanderson Haldane Avenue (Park Circus Connector). North and South Kolkata were largely peaceful and curfew was not extended to those areas.
As the streets of Kolkata turned into a combat zone, the State Government requisitioned ten platoons of the army. At 3 PM, four platoons of the army, each comprising 100 to 120 soldiers marched into the city from Fort William. 3 flag marches were conducted that evening. [3] Four more platoons were preparing to move soon. Idris Ali of the Minority Forum was the mastermind. Deputy Commissioner of Police (Central Zone) Meeraj Khalid opened fire on a group of arsonists at Eliot Road. In total 6 rounds were fired and 3 people were grievously injured. Brigadier Solanki imposed martial law at 4 pm. The curfew was strictly enforced.
Withdrawal of curfew was done in a phased manner the following day after Governor Gopalakrishna Gandhi met top communist and opposition leaders. The Home Ministry's opinion was sought and Rashtrapati Bhawan kept informed. Martial Law ended the next afternoon and normalcy was restored by evening. The Army organised a final flag march from Wellington to Raj Bhawan. Battalions of Eastern Frontier Rifles remained on standby for the next month. Idris Ali was arrested that evening and sent to Presidency Prison. The West Bengal Government was praised for its handling of the situation. Governor Gandhi gave a publicly broadcast speech to appeal for communal calm.
Two months after the incident, Dharmamukta Manabbadi Mancha, an organization of secular Muslims, held a press conference at the Press Club in Kolkata in protest of the expulsion of Taslima Nasreen from Kolkata. [4]
Events in the year 2007 in the Republic of India.
Taslima Nasrin is a Bangladeshi-Swedish writer, physician, feminist, secular humanist and human rights activist. She is known for her support of eugenics, writing on women's oppression and criticism of religion, despite forced exile. Some of her books are banned in Bangladesh. She has been blacklisted and banished from the Bengal region.
Direct Action Day, also known as the 1946 Calcutta Killings, was a day of widespread communal rioting by Muslims in the city of Calcutta in the Bengal province of British India. The day also marked the start of what is known as The Week of the Long Knives.
The Bombay riots usually refers to the riots in Mumbai, in December 1992 and January 1993, in which an estimated 900 people died. The riots were mainly due to escalations of hostilities after large scale protests by Muslims in reaction to the 1992 Babri Masjid Demolition by Hindu Karsevaks in Ayodhya.
Black July is the common name used to refer to the anti-Tamil pogrom and riots in Sri Lanka during July 1983. The riots began as a response to a deadly ambush on 23 July 1983, which caused the death of 13 Sri Lanka Army soldiers, by the Tamil militant group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
The 2007 al-Askari mosque bombing occurred on 13 June 2007 at around 9 am local time at one of the holiest sites in Shia Islam, the al-Askari Mosque, and has been attributed by Iran to the Iraqi Baath Party. While there were no injuries or deaths reported, the mosque's two ten-story minarets were destroyed in the attacks. This was the second bombing of the mosque, with the first bombing occurring on 22 February 2006 and destroying the mosque's golden dome.
Bangladesh is a "secular state" but Islam have remained its state religion. Freedom of religion is guaranteed by its constitution in which it gives equal rights to all citizens irrespective of religion. The major religion in Bangladesh is Islam (88.23%), but a significant percentage of the population adheres to Hinduism (10.69%). Other religious groups include Buddhists 0.6%,, Christians, and Animists (0.1%). Bangladesh was founded as a secular state, but Islam was made the state religion in the 1980s. But in 2010, the High Court held up the secular principles of the 1972 constitution. The High Court also strengthened its stance against punishments by Islamic edict (fatwa), following complaints of brutal sentences carried out against women by extra-legal village courts.
The Noakhali riots were a series of semiorganized massacres, rapes, abductions and forced conversions of Hindus to Islam and looting and arson of Hindu properties perpetrated by the Muslim community in the districts of Noakhali in the Chittagong Division of Bengal in October–November 1946, a year before India's independence from British rule.
The 2010 Deganga riots occurred at Deganga, North 24 Parganas in West Bengal, India on 6 September 2010 when Muslim mobs resorted to arson and violence against the local and Hindu community. The violence began late in the evening of that Monday and continued throughout the night and for several subsequent days. The district police, Rapid Action Force, paramilitary were all unable to quell the problems and the Indian Army was eventually deployed. The army staged a series of flag marches on the Taki Road but the violence continued in the interior villages lying off that road until Thursday, despite the army presence and the promulgation of prohibitory orders under section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code. Military Commanders on approval by the state Government imposed AFSPA.
The 1964 East Pakistan Riots refer to the alleged massacre and ethnic cleansing of Bengali Hindus from East Pakistan in the wake of an alleged theft of what was believed to be the Prophet's hair from the Hazratbal shrine in Jammu and Kashmir in India. The salient feature of the pogroms was its urban nature and selective targeting of Bengali Hindu owned industries and merchant establishments in the capital city of Dhaka. This resulted in unending waves of Bengali Hindu refugees in neighbouring West Bengal. The refugee rehabilitation became a national problem in India, and hundreds of refugees were resettled in Dandakaranya region of Odisha & Madhya Pradesh.
The 1950 riots refers to the massacre of Bengali Hindus by the Bengali Muslims, the Pakistani police and the para-military accompanied by arson.
The Bhagalpur riots of 1989 refers to the violence between the Hindus and the Muslims in the Bhagalpur district of Bihar, India. The riots started on 24 October 1989, and the violent incidents continued for 2 months, affecting the Bhagalpur city and 250 villages around it. Over 1,000 people were killed, and another 50,000 were displaced as a result of the violence. It was the worst instance of Hindu-Muslim violence in independent India at the time.
The 1989 Bangladesh pogroms were a series of attacks against the Bengali Hindus in October - November, apparently as a reaction to the laying of the foundation of Ram temple adjacent to Demolition of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya in India. In the pogroms, thousands of Hindu homes and businesses were destroyed. More than 400 Hindu temples were destroyed.
In 1990, a series of attacks against the Bengali Hindus in Bangladesh occurred in late October and early November, following a rumour that the Babri mosque in Ayodhya in India had been demolished. The attacks on the Hindus began on 30 October and continued till 2 November.
The 2013 Canning riots were riots between Bengali Hindus and Bengali Muslims in the Indian state of West Bengal on 21 February 2013. The riots occurred in the Canning subdivision, after a Muslim cleric was killed by unidentified assailants. Following this incident, Muslim mobs burned down over 200 Hindu homes in the villages of Naliakhali, Herobhanga, Gopalpur and Goladogra villages in the Canning police station area. 24 Hindu-owned shops were looted in Jaynagar police station area under Baruipur subdivision. Incidents of violence were reported from Canning, Jaynagar, Kultali and Basanti police station areas.
The 1980 Moradabad riots, also known as the Moradabad Muslim Massacre, refers to violence that happened in the Indian city of Moradabad during August–November 1980. The violence was partly a Hindu-Muslim conflict, and partly a Muslim-Police conflict. It started when a group of Muslims pelted stones at the local police for their refusal to remove a pig from the local Idgah on 13 August. The police responded with indiscriminate firing, which led to over one hundred deaths. This was followed by a series of violent incidents which became religious in nature, and led to arson, looting and murders.
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Idris Ali is an Indian politician and a Member of Parliament for the 16th Lok Sabha from Basirhat, West Bengal. He won the 2014 Indian general election as an All India Trinamool Congress candidate.
Tauqeer Raza Khan is an Indian politician and Islamic cleric from the state of Uttar Pradesh. He is a religious leader of the Bareilvi sect of Sunni Muslims and the founder of the political party Ittehad-e-Millat Council. He is a greatgrandson of Ahmed Raza Khan, who was the founder of the Barelvi movement. He also heads the All India Muslim Personal Law Board (Jaded) after he cut ties with the All India Muslim Personal Law Board, claiming discrimination by the Deobandi Muslims.
Dwikhandito is an autobiographical book of Bengali novelist and poet Taslima Nasrin, published in 2003. This is the third volume of Amar Meyebela. The book was first published in Bangladesh under the title Ko ("Speak") and banned. It was also banned in the Indian state of West Bengal for two years alleging insult of religious beliefs and obscenity. In March 2018 the book was translated into English and published as Split: A Life by Penguin Random House.