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Russian sabotage in Ukraine is a set of actions planned, organized, and implemented by Russian special services in Ukraine with the help of local Russian agents of influence, pro-Russian separatists, trained political tourists from Russia, Russian saboteurs, and FSB officers since the end of February 2014. [1] [2] The aim of the Russian sabotage is to destabilize the political situation in Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity, provoking interethnic and interregional conflicts, strengthening Russian separatist forces in Donbas. These subversive actions are part of the Russian information war against Ukraine and direct military aggression — annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.
Subversive activities in the East became especially acute and escalated against the background of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine called the "Russian Spring."
Russia considered the Eastern and Southern Ukraine territories to be part of its state long before these events. In 2013, a Russian citizen received a foreign passport, which indicates the place of birth of the mysterious Republic of Crimea as part of Russia. [3] And on August 13, 2015, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania published a page of the Russian passport issued in 2011, where the person's place of birth is the Odesa region of Russia. [4]
According to The Financial Times, Russia has been using the Snake virus since 2010 to infiltrate Ukraine's computer systems. [5]
After the occupation of the Autonomy by Russian troops, in February–March 2014, separatist rallies and seizures of regional state administrations under Russian and Soviet flags took place in the eastern and southern oblasts. [6]
On March 1, Russians and local pro-Russian activists seized the Donetsk Regional State Administration, which officials have already left. [7] On the same day, the Kharkiv Regional State Administration was seized, 106 people were injured. Similar rallies took place in the regional centers of southern Ukraine. Several thousand pro-Russian rallies were held in Odesa for federalization and the second state language. [8]
Russia's fifth column in Ukraine is quite large and includes transparent and covered movements and activists with a Ukrainophobic position. [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] The most influential organizations are:
In March 2014, 4 saboteurs from Russia were detained — a Russian citizen who arrived in Ukraine to form sabotage groups, a Russian military intelligence officer, a staff member of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, and a Transnistrian KGB captain. [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]
In April 2014, the SBU detained at least 13 saboteurs. Most of them admitted that they performed the tasks of the Russian special services. [21] [22] [23] On April 11, sabotage groups were detained in the Kherson region, and on April 14, Russian GRU officers involved in inciting confrontation in the east were detained. [24] [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34]
In May 2014, 8 saboteurs were detained. A group of extremists in the Kharkiv region and residents of Odesa who became mercenaries of the Russian secret services were exposed and stopped. [35] [36] [37] [38]
In June 2014, 6 saboteurs were exposed and detained. [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] [44]
In July 2014, the SBU detained 3 saboteurs and exposed sabotage and subversive groups in Donetsk and Odesa. [45] [46] [47] [48]
On October 20, 2014, the group, which acted on the scenario of the Russian secret services and was to carry out terrorist acts against Ukrainian high-ranking officials, was exposed. [49]
In November 2014, law enforcement officers found a cache of weapons and detained two Ukrainian citizens who were investigating information for Russian special services in the Donetsk region. [50] [51]
The Ukrainian Lutheran Church, formerly called the Ukrainian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession, is a Byzantine Rite Lutheran Church based in Ukraine. The Eastern Christian denomination consists of 25 congregations within Ukraine, serving over 2,500 members and runs Saint Sophia Ukrainian Lutheran Theological Seminary in Ternopil in Western Ukraine.
As part of the Euromaidan movement, regional state administration (RSA) buildings in various oblasts of Ukraine were occupied by protesters, starting on 23 January 2014.
Altogether, 108 civilian protesters and 13 police officers were killed in Ukraine's Revolution of Dignity, which was the culmination of the Euromaidan protest movement. The deaths occurred in January and February 2014; most of them on 20 February, when police snipers fired on anti-government activists in Kyiv. The slain activists are known in Ukraine as the Heavenly Hundred or Heavenly Company. By June 2016, 55 people had been charged in relation to the deaths of protesters, including 29 former members of the Berkut special police force, ten titushky or loyalists of the former government, and ten former government officials.
"Do not buy Russian goods!" or "Boycott Russian goods!" is a nonviolent resistance campaign to boycott Russian commerce in Ukraine. The protest started on 14 August 2013 as a reaction to a Russian Federation trade embargo against Ukraine. It was organized by Vidsich on social media. The campaign expanded to mass distribution of leaflets, posters, and stickers in over 45 cities and towns. Having faded by the beginning of the Euromaidan demonstrations in November 2013, it was renewed on 2 March 2014, during the Crimean crisis and the Russo-Ukrainian War.
Vasyl Serhiiovych Hrytsak is a Ukrainian serviceman, army general, and the fourteenth head of the Security Service of Ukraine. Founder and chairman of the supervisory board of the Ukrainian Center for Analytics and Security. Head of the Security Service of Ukraine (2015–2019). Member of the National Security and Defense Council (2015–2019). General of the Army of Ukraine.
Chervonosilske is a village in Amvrosiivka district, Donetsk region of eastern Ukraine.
Maksym Mykhaylovych Shapoval was a senior officer (Colonel) in the Ukrainian military and head of the special forces of the Chief Intelligence Directorate. He was assassinated in a car bomb attack in central Kyiv on 27 June 2017, having only recently returned from the conflict zone in eastern Ukraine. At the time of his death, Shapoval was investigating Russian involvement in Eastern Ukraine. He collected intel on their locations and weapons, which was able to substantiate Ukraine's position in the war criminal trial in The Hague on Russia's armed aggression. At the time, he was one of the most senior Ukrainian officials killed in action.
Reasonable Force is a Ukrainian political party, founded on January 22, 2016. It is led by Alexander Solovyov. The party consists of 26 regional and more than 600 local organizations. The members of the party are more than 20,000 citizens of Ukraine. It is represented in 16 local councils based on the results of the elections, held in December 2016 and April 2017.
Ivan Hennadiyovych Bakanov, is a Ukrainian politician who, from 2019 to 2022, served as head of the Security Service of Ukraine, which is the primary counterintelligence and security agency of Ukraine. Bakanov is also a close childhood friend of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.
Fights on the Ukrainian–Russian border in 2014, also famous as "Operation to restore the state border", "Battle at the border", Battle in sector D , – an episode of the war in eastern Ukraine, the battle of anti-terrorist operation forces against illegal armed groups supported by Russian artillery in the border areas of Donetsk and Luhansk regions during summer campaign in Donbass. Fighting broke out in Sector D of the anti-terrorist operation during the "operation to restore the state border" during June–August 2014. The main task of the Anti-Terrorist Operation Forces was to restore control over the section of the state border Izvaryne – Kumachovo and to cut the routes for illegal armed groups.
The Joint Centre for Control and Coordination on ceasefire and stabilization of the demarcation line, abbreviated JCCC, is an organization composed of Ukrainian and Russian military officers, whose role is to help implement the Minsk ceasefire agreements and ensure the safety of OSCE monitors in the Russo-Ukrainian War. It was established September 26, 2014. In April 2015, Ukrainian and Russian representatives began to keep separate logs of ceasefire violations. The Russian members left Ukraine in December 2017.
Iryna Naumivna Borzova is a Ukrainian business woman and politician. She was the People's Deputy of Ukraine of the IX convocation. She was a member of the Verkhovna Rada Committee on Youth and Sports, and Chairman of the Subcommittee on State Youth Policy.
Wagnergate was a long-term disrupted special operation of the Ukrainian special services. After the Bellingcat investigation, it became known as "Wagnergate", carried out with the unconfirmed official participation of the United States with the involvement of Turkish Airlines. Its goal was to detain mercenaries of Wagner's private company.
The battle of Romny was a series of military engagements in Romny, Sumy Oblast which began on 24 February 2022, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, as part of the northern Ukraine offensive.
Natalia Mykolaivna Panchenko is a Polish-Ukrainian public activist, leader of the Ukrainian diaspora in Poland, human rights defender, activist of the year according to the Wprost magazine, producer of the "Ukraїner" and "Chernobyl VR Project" projects.
Mykhailo Yuriiovych Matiushenko was a Ukrainian entrepreneur and manager, serviceman, military and civil aviation pilot, colonel and commander of the 40th Tactical Aviation Brigade of the Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, a participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war. Hero of Ukraine.
Roman Oleksandrovych Bochkala is a Ukrainian journalist, volunteer, and military correspondent. Honored Journalist of Ukraine (2013). US Peace Corps volunteer in Ukraine. He was heavily wounded in 2014 near Luhansk during the start of Russo-Ukrainian war. In Summer 2014, Bochkala managed to find the evidence of Russian troops directly fighting on the East of Ukraine against Ukrainian Armed Forces.
Vasyl Volodymyrovych Bohach was a Ukrainian military personnel, Lieutenant Colonel of the Security Service of Ukraine, a participant in the Russian-Ukrainian war. Hero of Ukraine.
Ukraine Online (UaOnlii) is an independent media with the largest in Ukraine news Telegram channel that covers social and political topics. The media also systematically organizes charitable collections to support the defense forces of Ukraine. It is ranked among the top 3 Telegram channels in Ukraine according to the Ukrainian Institute of Media and Communications. It became one of the most trusted and visited media in Ukraine after Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022 due to the media's quick response and instant news and updates publishing which was crucial for civilians in the first months of the full-scale war.