37th parallel north

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37°
37th parallel north

The 37th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 37 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

Contents

At this latitude the Sun is visible for 14 hours, 42 minutes during the summer solstice and 9 hours, 37 minutes during the winter solstice. [1]

The 37th parallel north is roughly the northern limit of the visibility of Canopus, the second-brightest star of the night sky. Along with the 37th parallel south, it is the latitude at which solar irradiance is closest to the planetary average, [2] with higher solar irradiance equatorward and lower poleward.

Around the world

Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastward, the parallel 37° north passes through:

Co-ordinatesCountry, territory or seaNotes
37°0′N0°0′E / 37.000°N 0.000°E / 37.000; 0.000 (Prime Meridian) Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N6°15′E / 37.000°N 6.250°E / 37.000; 6.250 (Algeria) Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria
37°0′N6°34′E / 37.000°N 6.567°E / 37.000; 6.567 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N7°15′E / 37.000°N 7.250°E / 37.000; 7.250 (Algeria) Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria
37°0′N7°33′E / 37.000°N 7.550°E / 37.000; 7.550 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea
37°0′N8°52′E / 37.000°N 8.867°E / 37.000; 8.867 (Tunisia) Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia
37°0′N10°11′E / 37.000°N 10.183°E / 37.000; 10.183 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Gulf of Tunis
37°0′N10°53′E / 37.000°N 10.883°E / 37.000; 10.883 (Tunisia) Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Cap Bon
37°0′N11°4′E / 37.000°N 11.067°E / 37.000; 11.067 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea Strait of Sicily, passing just north of the island of Pantelleria, Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
37°0′N14°20′E / 37.000°N 14.333°E / 37.000; 14.333 (Italy) Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Island of Sicily
Province of Ragusa
Province of Siracusa
37°0′N15°16′E / 37.000°N 15.267°E / 37.000; 15.267 (Ionian Sea) Ionian Sea
37°0′N21°39′E / 37.000°N 21.650°E / 37.000; 21.650 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Peloponnese (Messenia)
37°0′N21°57′E / 37.000°N 21.950°E / 37.000; 21.950 (Ionian Sea) Ionian Sea Messenian Gulf
37°0′N22°09′E / 37.000°N 22.150°E / 37.000; 22.150 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Peloponnese
Messenia
Laconia
37°0′N23°0′E / 37.000°N 23.000°E / 37.000; 23.000 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea Myrtoan Sea
37°0′N24°40′E / 37.000°N 24.667°E / 37.000; 24.667 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Island of Sifnos
37°0′N24°44′E / 37.000°N 24.733°E / 37.000; 24.733 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N25°1′E / 37.000°N 25.017°E / 37.000; 25.017 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Islands of Antiparos and Paros
37°0′N25°13′E / 37.000°N 25.217°E / 37.000; 25.217 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N25°23′E / 37.000°N 25.383°E / 37.000; 25.383 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Island of Naxos
37°0′N25°34′E / 37.000°N 25.567°E / 37.000; 25.567 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N26°26′E / 37.000°N 26.433°E / 37.000; 26.433 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Island of Levitha
37°0′N26°30′E / 37.000°N 26.500°E / 37.000; 26.500 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N26°55′E / 37.000°N 26.917°E / 37.000; 26.917 (Greece) Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Island of Kalymnos
37°0′N27°3′E / 37.000°N 27.050°E / 37.000; 27.050 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N27°15′E / 37.000°N 27.250°E / 37.000; 27.250 (Turkey) Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
37°0′N27°47′E / 37.000°N 27.783°E / 37.000; 27.783 (Aegean Sea) Aegean Sea
37°0′N28°13′E / 37.000°N 28.217°E / 37.000; 28.217 (Turkey) Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Passing through Adana and Nizip
37°0′N40°25′E / 37.000°N 40.417°E / 37.000; 40.417 (Syria) Flag of Syria.svg  Syria
37°0′N42°18′E / 37.000°N 42.300°E / 37.000; 42.300 (Iraq) Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq
37°0′N44°16′E / 37.000°N 44.267°E / 37.000; 44.267 (Turkey) Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Şemdinli district (for about 7 km (4.3 mi))
37°0′N44°20′E / 37.000°N 44.333°E / 37.000; 44.333 (Iraq) Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq
37°0′N44°54′E / 37.000°N 44.900°E / 37.000; 44.900 (Iran) Flag of Iran.svg  Iran
37°0′N50°32′E / 37.000°N 50.533°E / 37.000; 50.533 (Caspian Sea) Caspian Sea
37°0′N54°0′E / 37.000°N 54.000°E / 37.000; 54.000 (Iran) Flag of Iran.svg  Iran
37°0′N60°3′E / 37.000°N 60.050°E / 37.000; 60.050 (Turkmenistan) Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan
37°0′N64°47′E / 37.000°N 64.783°E / 37.000; 64.783 (Afghanistan) Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan
37°0′N67°56′E / 37.000°N 67.933°E / 37.000; 67.933 (Tajikistan) Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan
37°0′N68°10′E / 37.000°N 68.167°E / 37.000; 68.167 (Afghanistan) Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan
37°0′N71°28′E / 37.000°N 71.467°E / 37.000; 71.467 (Tajikistan) Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan
37°0′N72°28′E / 37.000°N 72.467°E / 37.000; 72.467 (Afghanistan) Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan
37°0′N74°34′E / 37.000°N 74.567°E / 37.000; 74.567 (Pakistan) Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Gilgit-Baltistan - claimed by Flag of India.svg  India
37°0′N74°50′E / 37.000°N 74.833°E / 37.000; 74.833 (China) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  People's Republic of China Xinjiang - for about 14 km (8.7 mi)
37°0′N75°0′E / 37.000°N 75.000°E / 37.000; 75.000 (Pakistan) Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Gilgit-Baltistan - for about 14 km (8.7 mi), claimed by Flag of India.svg  India
37°0′N75°9′E / 37.000°N 75.150°E / 37.000; 75.150 (China) Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  People's Republic of China Xinjiang
Qinghai
Gansu
Ningxia
Gansu
Shaanxi
Shanxi
Hebei
Shandong
37°0′N122°32′E / 37.000°N 122.533°E / 37.000; 122.533 (Yellow Sea) Yellow Sea Asan Bay
37°0′N126°20′E / 37.000°N 126.333°E / 37.000; 126.333 (South Korea) Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea South Chungcheong Province
Gyeonggi Province - passing through Pyeongtaek, Anseong
North Chungcheong Province - passing just north of Chungju
North Gyeongsang Province
37°0′N129°25′E / 37.000°N 129.417°E / 37.000; 129.417 (Sea of Japan) Sea of Japan
37°0′N136°46′E / 37.000°N 136.767°E / 37.000; 136.767 (Japan) Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Island of Honshū:
Ishikawa Prefecture
37°0′N137°3′E / 37.000°N 137.050°E / 37.000; 137.050 (Sea of Japan) Sea of Japan Toyama Bay
37°0′N137°42′E / 37.000°N 137.700°E / 37.000; 137.700 (Japan) Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Island of Honshū:
Niigata Prefecture
Nagano Prefecture
— Niigata Prefecture
Gunma Prefecture − for around 10 km (6.2 mi)
— Niigata Prefecture − for around 7 km (4.3 mi)
Fukushima Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture
Ibaraki Prefecture
— Fukushima Prefecture
37°0′N140°59′E / 37.000°N 140.983°E / 37.000; 140.983 (Pacific Ocean) Pacific Ocean
37°0′N122°11′W / 37.000°N 122.183°W / 37.000; -122.183 (United States) Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States California - landfall at Bonny Doon Beach just north of Santa Cruz
Nevada
Utah / Arizona border
Colorado / New Mexico border
Colorado / Oklahoma border
Kansas / Oklahoma border
Missouri
Illinois (at its southernmost point)
Kentucky - passing through Bowling Green and just south of Paducah
Virginia - passing through Chesapeake Bay Bridge–Tunnel (specifically, the bridge between the two tunnels)
37°0′N76°18′W / 37.000°N 76.300°W / 37.000; -76.300 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N25°10′W / 37.000°N 25.167°W / 37.000; -25.167 (Portugal) Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Santa Maria Island in the Azores
37°0′N25°3′W / 37.000°N 25.050°W / 37.000; -25.050 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N8°57′W / 37.000°N 8.950°W / 37.000; -8.950 (Portugal) Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Sagres Point
37°0′N8°56′W / 37.000°N 8.933°W / 37.000; -8.933 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean
37°0′N7°59′W / 37.000°N 7.983°W / 37.000; -7.983 (Portugal) Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Cape Santa Maria
37°0′N7°50′W / 37.000°N 7.833°W / 37.000; -7.833 (Atlantic Ocean) Atlantic Ocean Gulf of Cádiz
37°0′N6°32′W / 37.000°N 6.533°W / 37.000; -6.533 (Spain) Flag of Spain.svg  Spain
37°0′N1°53′W / 37.000°N 1.883°W / 37.000; -1.883 (Mediterranean Sea) Mediterranean Sea

United States

The 37th parallel defining borders between states in the United States. 37th parallel US.svg
The 37th parallel defining borders between states in the United States.

In the United States, the parallel defines the southern borders of Utah, Colorado, and Kansas, and the northern borders of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. It dates to the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 when Congress divided Unorganized Territory into Kansas and Nebraska north of the 37th parallel and a remainder Indian Territory to the south. Before that, the line had been thought to be the boundary between the Cherokee and Osage reservations – the 2.46 miles (3.96 km) discrepancy resulting in the creation of the Cherokee Strip. Congress extended the line west to New Mexico Territory, thus defining which states and territories would constitute The South between the Colorado and Mississippi Rivers, and creating what later became the Oklahoma Panhandle. [3]

Landmarks on the 37th parallel include Santa Cruz, California; Gilroy, California; Madera, California; Ubehebe Crater in Death Valley; Colorado City, Arizona; the Four Corners at the intersection with the 32nd meridian west from Washington (the only place where four U.S. states meet at a point); Cairo, Illinois; Bowling Green, Kentucky; and Newport News, and Hampton, Virginia. It enters the Chesapeake Bay at the northernmost tunnel entrance / exit of the Hampton Roads Bridge Tunnel and the southernmost point of Old Point Comfort on the former Army base, Ft. Monroe.

The parallel 37° north formed the southern boundary of the historic and extralegal Territory of Jefferson.

See also

Related Research Articles

The 41st parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 41 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 42nd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 42 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">45th parallel south</span> Circle of latitude

The 45th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 45° south of the Earth's equator.

The 40th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 40 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 36th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 36 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean. In the ancient Mediterranean world, its role for navigation and geography was similar to that played by the Equator today.

The 39th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 39 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parallel 36°30′ north</span> Historically significant latitude

The parallel 36°30′ north is a circle of latitude that is 36 and one-half degrees north of the equator of the Earth. This parallel of latitude is particularly significant in the history of the United States as the line of the Missouri Compromise, which was used to divide the prospective slave and free states west of the Mississippi River, with the exception of Missouri, which is mostly north of this parallel. The line continues to hold cultural, economic and political significance to this day; the Kinder Institute for Urban Research defines the Sun Belt as being south of 36°30′N latitude.

The 35th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 35 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">25th meridian west from Washington</span> Line of longitude

The 25th meridian of longitude west from Washington is a line of longitude approximately 102.05 degrees west of the Prime Meridian of Greenwich. In the United States of America, the meridian 25 degrees west of the Washington Meridian defines the eastern boundary of the State of Colorado, the western boundary of the State of Kansas, and the western boundary of the State of Nebraska south of the 41st parallel north.

The 34th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 34 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 55th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 55 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">20th parallel north</span> Circle of latitude

The 20th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 20 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, North America, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 60th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 60 degrees north of Earth's equator. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 30th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 30 degrees south of the Earth's equator. It stands one-third of the way between the equator and the South Pole and crosses Africa, the Indian Ocean, Australia, the Pacific Ocean, South America and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">25th parallel north</span> Circle of latitude

The 25th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 25 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">51st parallel north</span> Circle of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere

The 51st parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 51 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 80th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 80 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane, and 10 degrees south of the North Pole, in the Arctic. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Asia, the Arctic Ocean and North America.

The 24th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 24 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane, about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of the Tropic of Cancer. It is the line which demarcates boundary between Pakistan and India in the general area of Rann of Kutch. It also crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean.

The 37th parallel south is a circle of latitude that is 37 degrees south of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Pacific Ocean and South America.

The 38th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 38 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean. The 38th parallel north formed the border between North and South Korea prior to the Korean War.

References

  1. "Duration of Daylight/Darkness Table for One Year". U.S. Naval Observatory. 2019-09-24. Archived from the original on 2019-10-12. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
  2. See Nadeau, Alice and McGhee, Richard; ‘A simple formula for a planet's mean annual insolation by latitude’; Icarus, volume 291, 15 July 2017, pp. 46-50
  3. Hubbard, Bill (2009). American Boundaries: The Nation, the States, the Rectangular Survey. University of Chicago Press. p. 158. ISBN   978-0-226-35591-7 . Retrieved 27 September 2012.