73rd Group Army

73rd Group Army
第七十三集团军
Active	1985–present
Country	People's Republic of China
Allegiance	Chinese Communist Party
Branch	People's Liberation Army Ground Force
Type	Group army
Size	Field army
Part of	Eastern Theater Command
Garrison/HQ	Jimei, Xiamen, Fujian
Engagements	Chinese Civil War
Commanders
Current commander	Major General Ding Laifu
Political Commissar	Major General Fang Ming
Insignia
NATO Map Symbol

The 73rd Group Army (Chinese :第七十三集团军; pinyin :Dì Qīshísān Jítuánjūn), Unit 31659, formerly the 31st Group Army, is a military formation of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Forces (PLAGF). The 73rd Group Army is one of thirteen total group armies of the PLAGF, the largest echelon of ground forces in the People's Republic of China, and one of three assigned to the nation's Eastern Theater Command. ^[1] Headquartered in Xiamen, Fujian, the unit's primary mission is likely preparation for conflict in or about the Taiwan Strait. ^{[2] [3]}

History

The 31st Group Army traces its lineage to the Shantung Column of the Shantung Military Region which was formed around 1941. By 1945 the column had been reorganized and redesignated into several military districts, including the Chiao-Tung Military District. By 1946, elements of the Chiao-Tung MD were reorganized and redesignated 9th and 13th Columns. The 13th Column, commanded by Chou Chih-chien was composed of three divisions, including the 37th, 38th, and 39th. In the mid-to-late 1940s the 13th Column was reorganized and redesignated as the 31st Corps, also commanded by Chou Chih-chien. The 31st Corps was composed of the 91st, 92nd and 93rd Divisions. In late 1949 the 31st Corps, under the 10th bingtuan (Army or "Army Group"), took part in the Chekiang and Fukien Campaign conducting operations against or near Nanp'ing, Kut'ien and the Changchou-Amoy area. ^[4]

During the Korean War the 31st Corps was one of the few units to remain in China opposite Taiwan to defend against a potential US-Taiwan Invasion. The 31st was stationed in Fujian. In 1958, elements of the 31st Group Army took part in the artillery bombardment of Kinmen (Quemoy) and the Matsu Islands that precipitated the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis.

21st century

The 31st Army Group is currently one of the three army groups assigned to the Nanjing Military Region.

From mid-July 1991 to May 1992 elements of the 31st Group Army conducted a variety of exercises and operations in the Nanjing Military Region according to the Chinese Council of Advanced Politics. In mid-July 1991 in the Longhai area of Fujian Province, a regiment from the 91st Division conducted routine training and armed swimming training in an effort to improve the unit's amphibious warfare capability. Also in July 1991, the reconnaissance battalion of the 86th Infantry Division along with soldiers from the Zhugong area conducted similar training in the Xiaocheng and Dacheng areas Lianjiang Xian, Fujian Province.

In early October 1991 the 258th Regiment of the 86th Motorized Infantry Division, along with units from various military sub-districts, conducted defensive exercises and combined militia exercises in the Banding Area, Lianjiang Xian, Fujian Province. In mid October to early November 1991 the 92nd and 93rd Infantry Divisions (since disbanded) of the 31st Group Army conducted routine training and field training activities in the Fuzhou area of Changpu and Nanan. In early April 1992 the signal corps of the 31st Signal Regiment conducted routine training and an overall signal training and evaluation between veterans and replacements in Xiamen, Fujian Province. ^[5]

Elements of the 31st Group Army took part in Exercise 96-1, the military exercises that took place in the Taiwan Straits in 1996.

The 73rd Group Army appears to comprise six combined-arms maneuver brigades, which includes one heavy (armored), one medium (mechanized), two amphibious and two light (motorized) brigades, each brigade leads four combined-arms battalions. These combined arms brigades are the PLAGF's basic operational unit, likely following the United States' and later Russia's transition from division-centric warfare to brigade-centric warfare. The 73rd Group Army also commands six combat support brigades. ^[6]

Since 2017, the 73rd Group Army commands the following subordinate units. ^[7]

• 3rd Light Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ]
• 14th Amphibious Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ] (ZTD-05, ZBD-05)
• 86th Heavy Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ] (ZTZ-96A, ZBD-04)
• 91st Amphibious Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ] (ZTD-05, ZBD-05)
• 92nd Light Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ]
• 145th Medium Combined-Arms Brigade  [ zh ] (ZTL-11, ZBL-08)
• 73rd Special Operations Brigade
• 73rd Army Aviation Brigade (Mi-17, Z-8, Z-9, Z-10, Z-19)
• 73rd Artillery Brigade  [ zh ]
• 73rd Air Defense Brigade
• 73rd Engineering and Chemical Defense Brigade
• 73rd Service Support Brigade

References

1. Burke, Edmund J. (February 4, 2019). "Coming to a (New) Theater Near You: Command, Control, and Forces" (PDF). National Defense University Press .
2. Xi inspected the 71st Group Army of the People's Liberation Army in Xuzhou (Photograph). December 13, 2017.
3. Staff (2000–2012). "Nanjing Military Region Nanjing Military Area Command". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
4. William W. Whitson (w/ Chen-hsia Huang). The Chinese High Command: A History of Communist Military Politics, 1927-71 (New York: Praeger; 1973)
5. Richard H. Yang eds. China's Military: The PLA in 1992/1993 (Taipei: Chinese Council of Advanced Policy Studies; 1993): p. 191-2
6. Army Techniques Publication (ATP) 7-100.3: Chinese Tactics (PDF). Washington D.C.: Headquarters, Department of the Army (United States). 2021. p. 35. ISBN   9798457607118.
7. "Lessons for China to learn from Ukraine conflict for Taiwan scenario". SinoDefenceForum. February 27, 2022.