800 Heroes Song | |||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 八百壯士歌 | ||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 八百壮士歌 | ||||||||
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China Will Not Perish | |||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中國不會亡 | ||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 中国不会亡 | ||||||||
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The 800 Heroes Song,also known by the title "China Will Not Perish",is a Chinese patriotic song from the Second Sino-Japanese War. The song was written to commemorate the heroic efforts of the lone battalion of the National Revolutionary Army in the Defense of Sihang Warehouse during the final stage of the Battle of Shanghai (1937).
After winning the war of resistance against Japan and knowing China was certainly not going to perish,the Kuomintang government changed the title and lyrics to "China Shall be Strong" (traditional Chinese :中國一定強; simplified Chinese :中国一定强; pinyin :ZhōngguóYídìng Qiáng; Wade–Giles :Chung1-kuo2 I2-ting4 Ch'iang2).
Simplified Chinese | Traditional Chinese | Pinyin | English Translation |
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中国不会亡,中国不会亡, | 中國不會亡,中國不會亡, | Zhōngguóbùhuìwáng,Zhōngguóbùhuìwáng, | China will not die,China will not die, |
The Kuomintang (KMT),also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD),the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP),is a major political party in the Republic of China,initially based on the Chinese mainland and then in Taiwan since 1949. The KMT is a centre-right to right-wing party and the largest in the Pan-Blue Coalition. Its primary rival is the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and its allies in the Pan-Green Coalition. As of 2024,the KMT is the largest single party in the Legislative Yuan. The current chairman is Eric Chu.
The history of the Republic of China began in 1912 with the end of the Qing dynasty,when the Xinhai Revolution and the formation of the Republic of China put an end to 2,000 years of imperial rule. The Republic experienced many trials and tribulations after its founding which included being dominated by elements as disparate as warlord generals and foreign powers.
Feng Yuxiang,courtesy name Huanzhang (焕章),was a Chinese warlord and a leader of the Republic of China from Chaohu,Anhui. He served as Vice Premier of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1930. He was also known as the "Christian General" for his zeal to convert his troops and the "Traitorous General" for his penchant to break with the establishment. In 1911 he was an officer in the ranks of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army but joined forces with revolutionaries against the Qing dynasty. He rose to high rank within Wu Peifu's Zhili warlord faction but launched the Beijing Coup in 1924 that knocked Zhili out of power and brought Sun Yat-sen to Beijing. He joined the Nationalist Party (KMT),supported the Northern Expedition and became blood brothers with Chiang Kai-shek,but resisted Chiang's consolidation of power in the Central Plains War and broke with him again in resisting Japanese incursions in 1933. He spent his later years supporting the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang.
The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
Censorship in Taiwan was greatly relaxed when the state moved away from authoritarianism in 1987. Since then,the media has generally been allowed to broadcast political opposition. Today,the focus of censorship is slander and libel,cross-Strait relations,and national security.
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Propaganda in the Republic of China has been an important tool since its inception with the 1911 Revolution. The term xuanchuan can have either a neutral connotation in official government contexts or a pejorative connotation in informal contexts. Some xuanchuan collocations usually refer to "propaganda",others to "publicity",and still others are ambiguous. It also was an important tool in legitimizing the Nationalist government that retreated from mainland China to Taiwan in 1949.
Yang Hucheng was a Chinese general during the Warlord Era of Republican China and Kuomintang general during the Chinese Civil War.
The Nationalist government,officially the National Government of the Republic of China,refers to the government of the Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948,led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party.
The Korean Liberation Army,also known as the Korean Restoration Army,was the armed forces of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. It was established on September 17,1940,in Chongqing,Republic of China,with significant financial and personnel support from the Kuomintang. It participated in various battles and intelligence activities against the Japanese,including alongside the British Army in India and with the United States in the Eagle Project. The group only reached several hundred personnel at its peak,and faced constant funding issues,infighting,and difficulty achieving recognition from global powers.
The National Protection War,also known as the Anti-Monarchy War,was a civil war that took place in China between 1915 and 1916. Following the overthrow of the Qing dynasty three years previously,the Republic of China was established in its place. The war was caused by President Yuan Shikai's proclamation of the Empire of China,with himself as the Hongxian Emperor.
The Tongzhou mutiny,sometimes referred to as the Tongzhou Massacre,was an assault on Japanese civilians and troops by the collaborationist East Hebei Army in Tongzhou,China,on 29 July 1937,shortly after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident,which marked the official beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Chu Minyi;was a leading figure in the Chinese republican movement and early Nationalist government,later noted for his role as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the collaborationist Wang Jingwei Government during World War II.
The Battle of Yongjiazhen (雍家镇战斗) was fought during the aftermath of World War II in the Yongjiazhen (雍家镇) region of central Anhui,China between Communist forces and Kuomintang forces who had allied with the Japanese. The battle was part of the Chinese Civil War,resulting in a victory for the People's Liberation Army.
The Song to the Auspicious Cloud was the title of two historical national anthems of the Republic of China. The first version was composed in 1896 by Jean Hautstont,a Belgian composer and esperantist,and was in use from 1913 to 1915 as a provisional anthem. The second version,composed by Xiao Youmei,was in use from 1921 to 1928 as an official national anthem. The lyrics of both songs were based on Commentary of Shang Shu (尚書大傳) written by Fu Sheng in 200–100 BCE.
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Cheng Qian was a Chinese army officer and politician who held very important military and political positions in both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China. Educated at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy and Waseda University,he first met Sun Yat-sen in Tokyo,becoming an early supporter. Later,under Chiang Kai-shek,he was one of the most powerful members of the Kuomintang,notably serving as Chief of Staff of the Military Affairs Commission during the Second Sino–Japanese War.
The Republic of China (ROC),commonly now known as Taiwan,was a sovereign state based on mainland China from 1912 to 1949 prior to the government's relocation to Taiwan,where it continues to be based today. The ROC was established on 1 January 1912 during the Xinhai Revolution against the Qing dynasty,ending the imperial history of China. The Republican government was ruled by the Kuomintang (KMT) as a one-party state based in Nanjing from 1927,until its flight to Taipei on 7 December 1949 following the KMT's de facto defeat by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the Chinese Civil War. The CCP proclaimed the People's Republic of China on 1 October 1949,while the ROC retains control over the "Free Area",with the political status of Taiwan remaining in dispute to this day.
Ye Fei was a Philippine-born Chinese military general and politician of the People's Republic of China. Born Sixto Mercado Tiongco in the Philippines to a Chinese father and a Filipino mother,he joined the Chinese Communist Party at a young age and fought many battles as a senior commander of the People's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War. At age 40,he was among the first PLA commanders to be awarded the rank of General by the newly established People's Republic of China and later served as Commander-in-Chief of the Chinese Navy. He also served in a number of civilian posts including Governor and Communist Party Chief of Fujian Province,and Minister of Transport.
Chiangism,also known as the Political Philosophy of Chiang Kai-shek,or Chiang Kai-shek Thought,is the political philosophy of President Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek,who used it during his rule in China under the Kuomintang on both the mainland and Taiwan. It is a right-wing authoritarian nationalist political ideology which is based on mostly Confucian and Tridemist ideologies,and was used in the New Life Movement in China and the Chinese Cultural Renaissance movement in Taiwan. It is a syncretic mix of many political ideologies,including revolutionary nationalism,Tridemism,socialism,militarism,Confucianism,state capitalism,constitutionalism,fascism,authoritarian capitalism,and paternalistic conservatism,as well as Chiang's Methodist Christian beliefs.