American Beauty (album)

Not to be confused with American Beauty (soundtrack), American Beauty (EP), American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score, or American Beauty/American Psycho.

American Beauty
Studio album by Grateful Dead
Released	November 1970 (1970-11)
Recorded	August–September 1970
Studio	Wally Heider Studios, San Francisco
Genre	Folk rock [1] country rock [2] psychedelic rock [3]
Length	42:21
Label	Warner Bros.
Producer	Grateful Dead Steve Barncard
Grateful Dead chronology
Vintage Dead (1970) American Beauty (1970) Historic Dead (1971)
Singles from American Beauty
"Truckin'"/"Ripple" Released: January 1971

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	[4]
Christgau's Record Guide	A− [5]
Pitchfork	10/10 [6]
Rolling Stone	[7]
Sputnikmusic	[8]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music	[9]

American Beauty is the fifth studio album (and sixth overall) by rock band the Grateful Dead. Released in November 1970, by Warner Bros. Records, the album continued the folk rock and country music style of their previous album Workingman's Dead , issued earlier in the year.

Upon release, American Beauty entered the Billboard 200 chart, ultimately peaking at number 30 during a nineteen-week stay in January 1971. ^[10] On July 11, 1974, the album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, and it later reached Platinum and Double Platinum certification in 1986 and 2001, respectively. In 2003, the album was ranked number 258 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, 261 in a 2012 revised list, and 215 in a 2020 revised list. ^[11]

Recording

American Beauty was the result of a prolific period of the songwriting partnership of Jerry Garcia and Robert Hunter  – one that yielded two studio albums in one year for the Grateful Dead. This was the only time the band would return to the studio so quickly. However, unlike the previous effort, where almost all the songs were written solely by the pair, the album saw more input from the rest of the band. Included are Phil Lesh's "Box of Rain" and Bob Weir's "Sugar Magnolia", both written with Hunter, and "Operator", Ron "Pigpen" McKernan's only singing-songwriting effort on a Grateful Dead studio album.

The album was produced after the discovery that the band's manager, Lenny Hart (father of drummer Mickey Hart), had renewed their contract with Warner Brothers Records without their knowledge, and then skipped town with a sizable chunk of the band's wealth. ^[12] In between near-constant touring and gigging, recording began only a few months after the release of Workingman's Dead –without their regular sound crew, who were out on the road as part of the Medicine Ball Caravan tour (which the Dead were originally scheduled to join). Instead, studio staff engineer Stephen Barncard replaced Bob Matthews as producer –"a move that irks Matthews to this day" (Matthews had co-produced the band's two previous albums ^[13] ). Barncard also mused "I had heard bad stories about engineers' interactions with the Dead but what I found were a bunch of hardworking guys". ^[14]

Both Workingman's Dead and American Beauty were innovative at the time for their fusion of bluegrass, rock and roll, folk, and, especially, country music. Lyricist Hunter commented "We went back into American folk tradition but, being experimenters, nothing would do but that we try to reinvent that." ^[15] Compared to Workingman's Dead, American Beauty had even less lead guitar work from Jerry Garcia, who increasingly filled the void with pedal steel guitar. It was also during the recording of this album that Garcia first collaborated with mandolinist David Grisman, a friend who had recently relocated to California following the dissolution of Earth Opera. "I just bumped into Jerry at a baseball game in Fairfax, and he said, 'Hey, you wanna play on this record we're doing?'" commented Grisman, whose playing is heard on "Friend of the Devil" and especially "Ripple". ^[16] Howard Wales, another musician from outside of the band, added keyboards to three songs. Drummer Bill Kreutzmann commented, "Wales came to us through Jerry, who played with him in side projects. [He] had done session work with James Brown and the Four Tops before we brought him in for American Beauty." ^[17] MIT student Ned Lagin, a jazz pianist who had corresponded with the band after attending their 1969 New Year's Eve concert at the Boston Tea Party, also contributed piano to "Candyman". ^[18] Lagin subsequently sat in with the band on occasion from 1970 to 1975.

Phil Lesh, in his autobiography Searching for the Sound, commented "the magnetism of the scene at Wally Heider's recording studio made it a lot easier for me to deal with [the loss of my father] and my new responsibilities. Some of the best musicians around were hanging there during that period; with Paul Kantner and Grace Slick from Jefferson Airplane, the Dead, Santana, Crosby, Nash, and Neil Young working there, the studio became jammer heaven. Thank the Lord for music; it's a healing force beyond words to describe." ^[19]

"It was a surprise to us –as it was to everybody else: this machine-eating, monster-psychedelic band is suddenly putting out sweet, listenable material"

—Robert Hunter ^[15]

Though both albums focused on Americana songcraft, Workingman's Dead mixed the grittier Bakersfield sound with the band's psychedelic roots, whereas the mostly-acoustic American Beauty focused more on major-key melodies and folk harmonies, evincing the influence of Dylan and studio neighbors/friends Crosby, Stills, Nash, & Young. Kreutzmann later explained, "The singers in our band really learned a lot about harmonizing [from] Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, who had just released their seminal album Déjà Vu . Jerry played pedal steel... on that record. Stephen Stills lived at Mickey's ranch... and David Crosby enjoyed partying as much as we did. So our circles overlapped." ^[20]

Crosby has demurred on this point: "Sometimes they have given us credit for teaching them how to sing and that's not true. They knew how to sing; they had their own style and they had the most important quality of it down already, which is tale-telling". However, he has also stated "The idea is –when you hang out with other musicians –to sort of cross-pollinate your idea streams, and that naturally happened between us on a level that was very rare. We would listen to what they were doing with time signatures and with breaking the rules, and it appealed to us a lot." ^[15]

Release

American Beauty was released just over four months after Workingman's Dead. The title of the album has a double meaning, referring both to the musical focus on Americana and to the rose that is depicted on the front cover. Around the rose, the album title is scripted as a text ambigram that can also be read "American Reality". ^[21] The back cover is a George Conger photograph of a diorama containing ferns, roses, a bust, shadowboxes and other curios. To each side of the photo are illustrated panels with a vaguely-shaped guitar, whose strings are also rose stems. The cover artwork was produced by Kelley–Mouse Studios.

"Truckin'," a blues/boogie-based rock tune with a shuffle rhythm, was also released as a single (backed with "Ripple"), and the songs "Box of Rain", "Sugar Magnolia", and "Friend of the Devil" also received radio airplay. ^[22] The single version of "Truckin'" is a completely different mix, with extra lead guitar fills throughout, reverb on Weir's vocals, fewer verses, and without Wales's organ part. The autobiographical song became the one most associated with the band, and their track most commonly played on FM radio classic rock formats. In his book on Garcia, Blair Jackson noted that "if you liked rock'n'roll in 1970 but didn't like the Dead, you were out of luck, because they were inescapable that summer and fall". ^[16]

American Beauty peaked at No. 30 on Billboard's Pop Albums chart, while the single, "Truckin'", peaked at No. 64 on the Pop Singles chart. It was the final album with Mickey Hart until his return to the band four years later, in 1975. Eight of the album's ten songs would remain in live setlists throughout the band's history.

The album was remixed for 5.1 surround in 2001 by Mickey Hart. This version is heavy in reverb and bass drum, and received mixed reviews. ^[23]

It was remastered and expanded with eight bonus tracks as part of the box set The Golden Road (1965–1973) in 2001. This version was released separately in 2003.

A 50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition of American Beauty was released as a three-disc CD on October 30, 2020. Disc one is a newly remastered version of the album. Discs two and three are a live concert by the band, recorded on February 18, 1971 at the Capitol Theater in Port Chester, New York. ^{[24] [25]}

Reception

Andy Zwerling of Rolling Stone felt that the album was a continuation of Workingman's Dead , though there was more care and contentment in the singing, as well as the instrument playing being rich. ^[21] Robert Christgau also compared the album to Workingman's Dead, feeling it was "sweeter vocally and more direct instrumentally". ^[26] The Washington Post writer Tom Zito felt that the album showed "wisdom of age" when compared to their earlier works, while maintaining an "exuberance of youth." ^[27] Jason Ankeny at AllMusic feels that the album is the Dead's "studio masterpiece", and in comparing it to Workingman's Dead, it is "more representative of the group as a collective unit". ^[28]

In 2003, the album was ranked number 258 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. The American National Association of Recording Merchandisers placed the album at number 20 in its 2007 list of "definitive 200 albums". ^[29] The album is included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die ^[30] and in 1991 Rolling Stone ranked American Beauty's album cover as the 57th best of all time. ^[31] It was voted number 103 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums 3rd Edition (2000). ^[32]

Track listing

Side one

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Lead vocals	Length
1.	"Box of Rain"	Phil Lesh Robert Hunter	Lesh	5:18
2.	"Friend of the Devil"	Jerry Garcia John Dawson Hunter	Garcia	3:24
3.	"Sugar Magnolia"	Bob Weir Hunter	Weir	3:19
4.	"Operator"	Ron McKernan	McKernan	2:25
5.	"Candyman"	Garcia Hunter	Garcia	6:14
Total length:				20:40

Side two

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Lead vocals	Length
1.	"Ripple"	Garcia Hunter	Garcia	4:09
2.	"Brokedown Palace"	Garcia Hunter	Garcia	4:09
3.	"Till the Morning Comes"	Garcia Hunter	Garcia Weir Lesh	3:08
4.	"Attics of My Life"	Garcia Hunter	Garcia Weir Lesh	5:12
5.	"Truckin'"	Garcia Lesh Weir Hunter	Weir	5:03
Total length:				21:41

• Sides one and two were combined as tracks 1–10 on CD reissues.

2001 Rhino reissue

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
11.	"Truckin'" (Single Version)	Garcia, Lesh, Weir, Hunter	3:17
12.	"Friend of the Devil" (Live – May 15, 1970, at Fillmore East in New York City [lower-alpha 1] )	Garcia, Dawson, Hunter	4:21
13.	"Candyman" (Live – April 15, 1970, at Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco [lower-alpha 2] )		5:18
14.	"Till the Morning Comes" (Live – October 4, 1970, at Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco [lower-alpha 3] )		3:20
15.	"Attics of My Life" (Live – June 6, 1970, at Fillmore West in San Francisco)		6:31
16.	"Truckin'" (Live – December 26, 1970, at Legion Stadium in El Monte, California)	Garcia, Lesh, Weir, Hunter	10:10
17.	"Ripple" (Single Edit)		3:02
18.	"American Beauty radio promo"		1:11
Total length:			37:10 79:31

Notes

The final two tracks are unlisted

1. Later released with more selections from this date on Road Trips Volume 3 Number 3
2. Later released with entire concert performance on 30 Trips Around the Sun
3. Another track from this date is a bonus on Workingman's Dead

50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition – disc two: February 18, 1971 (Set 1) – Capitol Theatre, Port Chester, New York

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Bertha" (Single Version)	Garcia, Hunter	6:20
2.	"Truckin'"		9:14
3.	"It Hurts Me Too"	Elmore James, Tampa Red	5:56
4.	"Loser"	Garcia, Hunter	6:55
5.	"Greatest Story Ever Told"	Weir, Hunter	3:48
6.	"Johnny B. Goode"	Chuck Berry	3:08
7.	"Mama Tried"	Merle Haggard	3:22
8.	"Hard to Handle"	Alvertis Isbell, Allen Jones, Otis Redding	9:14
9.	"Dark Star"	Hunter, Garcia, Mickey Hart, Kreutzmann, Lesh, McKernan, Weir	7:02
10.	"Wharf Rat"	Garcia, Hunter	7:24
11.	"Dark Star"		7:21
12.	"Me and My Uncle"	John Phillips	4:13
Total length:			73:57 116:18

50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition – disc three: February 18, 1971 (Set 2) – Capitol Theatre, Port Chester, New York

No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Casey Jones"	Garcia, Hunter	7:38
2.	"Playing in the Band"	Weir, Hart, Hunter	6:11
3.	"Me and Bobby McGee"	Kris Kristofferson, Fred Foster	6:35
4.	"Candyman"		7:59
5.	"Big Boss Man"	Luther Dixon, Al Smith	5:42
6.	"Sugar Magnolia"		7:12
7.	"St. Stephen"	Hunter, Garcia, Lesh	6:26
8.	"Not Fade Away"	Buddy Holly, Norman Petty	4:31
9.	"Goin' Down the Road Feeling Bad"	traditional, arranged by Grateful Dead	5:03
10.	"Not Fade Away"		4:00
11.	"Uncle John's Band"	Garcia, Hunter	6:39
Total length:			67:56 184:14

Personnel

Grateful Dead Jerry Garcia  – guitar, pedal steel, piano, vocals Mickey Hart  – percussion Robert Hunter  – lyrics Bill Kreutzmann  – drums Phil Lesh  – bass guitar, guitar, piano, vocals Pigpen (Ron McKernan)  – harmonica, vocals, lyrics on "Operator" Bob Weir  – guitar, vocals Additional musicians David Grisman  – mandolin on "Friend of the Devil", "Ripple" David Nelson  – electric guitar on "Box of Rain" Ned Lagin  – piano on "Candyman" Dave Torbert  – bass guitar on "Box of Rain" Howard Wales  – organ on "Candyman", "Truckin'"; piano on "Brokedown Palace" Technical personnel Produced by Grateful Dead Co-producer, audio: Stephen Barncard Dave Collins – pre-mastering assistance Artwork: Kelley/Mouse Studios Rear photo: George Conger

Reissue personnel James Austin – producer David Lemieux  – producer Peter McQuaid – executive producer Michael Wesley Johnson – associate producer, research coordinator Eileen Law – archival research Cassidy Law – project coordinator Eric Doney – business affairs Nancy Mallonee – business affairs Malia Doss – business affairs Dennis McNally – Grateful mentor Jeffrey Norman – additional mixing Joe Gastwirt – mastering, production consultant Jimmy Edwards – project manager Joe Motta – project coordinator Gary Peterson – discography annotation Shawn Amos – liner notes coordinator Vanessa Atkins – editorial supervision Daniel Goldmark – editorial research Hugh Brown – reissue art direction Greg Allen – reissue art direction Rachel Gutek – reissue art direction Design: Rachel Gutek – design Greg Allen – design

Charts

Weekly charts

Year	Chart	Position
1971	Billboard 200	30 [33]
1971	Australia (Kent Music Report)	34 [34]

Chart (2020-2023)	Peak position
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ) [35]	29
US Billboard 200 [36]	19
US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) [37]	3

Singles

Year	Single	Chart	Position
1971	"Truckin'"	Billboard Hot 100	64 [38]

Certifications

Certification	Date
Gold [39]	July 11, 1974
Platinum [39]	October 13, 1986
Double Platinum [39]	August 24, 2001

Release history

The album has been released in a multitude of ways since its original release. ^[28] In 2001, the CD version was remastered and expanded with live tracks and singles for The Golden Road (1965–1973) 12-CD box set. This version was given individual release in 2003. Additionally in 2001, a standalone DVD-Audio version was released including a 5.1 Surround Sound mix. On October 24, 2004, the album was released as a DualDisc recording, including a DVD side with interviews with Mickey Hart and Bob Weir, a photo gallery, and lyrics to all songs. In 2006 it was released in a CD replica of the original vinyl edition, with period labels and inner sleeve.

Region	Date	Label	Format	Catalog
United States	1970-11-01	Warner Bros.	LP	WS 1893
	1978	Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab		MFS-1-014
Worldwide	1987	Warner Bros.	Compact Disc	1893-2
			Cassette tape	M5-1893
	1990		LP	1893
United States	2001	Rhino	DVD-Audio	74385
	2003		CD	74397†
			LP
	2004-10-24	Warner Bros./Rhino	DualDisc	74385
	2007	Grateful Dead	CD	74794
Worldwide		Rhino		1893
		WEA/Rhino	LP	8122736821

† Re-mastered edition with bonus tracks

See also

• Anthem to Beauty  – a 1997 documentary on the making of American Beauty and Anthem of the Sun
• So Many Roads (1965–1995)  – a 1999 box set that includes the outtake "To Lay Me Down"
• The Warner Bros. Studio Albums  – a 2010 box set which includes this album

References

1. Crawford, Robert (September 7, 2017). "Hear Josh Ritter, Bob Weir's Rustic Duet 'When Will I Be Changed'". Rolling Stone . Retrieved July 5, 2020.
2. Carlin, Richard (1995). The Big Book of Country Music: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Penguin. p. 103. ISBN   978-0-14-023509-8.
3. Rosner, Ben (July 4, 2016). "The 10 Most Patriotic Albums". Paste . Retrieved July 23, 2016.
4. Thomas, Fred. "American Beauty". AllMusic. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
5. Christgau, Robert (1981). "Consumer Guide '70s: G". Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies. Ticknor & Fields. ISBN   089919026X . Retrieved February 24, 2019– via robertchristgau.com.
6. Cush, Andy (October 31, 2020). "Grateful Dead: American Beauty". Pitchfork . Retrieved October 31, 2020.
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8. "Grateful Dead – American Beauty (album review 4) – Sputnikmusic". www.sputnikmusic.com. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
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13. Trager, Oliver (1997). The American Book of the Dead. Simon and Schuster, New York, NY.
14. Jackson, Blair (1999). Garcia: An American Life. Penguin Books, New York, NY. p. 196.
15. Classic Albums – The Grateful Dead: Anthem to Beauty (DVD). Rhino/WEA. 1999.
16. Jackson, Blair (1999). Garcia: An American Life. Penguin Books, New York, NY. p. 202.
17. Kreutzmann, Bill (2015). Deal. St. Martin's Press, New York. Chapter 10. ISBN   978-1-250-03380-2.
18. Gans, David (February 3, 2001). "Ned Lagin Interview", The Grateful Dead Hour. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
19. Phil Lesh: Searching for the Sound by Phil Lesh, Little, Brown and Company, 2005, p. 190.
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24. Torres, Eric (September 9, 2020). "Grateful Dead's American Beauty Gets 50th Anniversary Reissue". Pitchfork. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
25. Horowitz, Hal (October 30, 2023). "The Grateful Dead's 50 Anniversary Reissues Continue With 'American Beauty'". American Songwriter. Retrieved August 20, 2023.
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27. Zito, Tom (November 28, 1970). "The Grateful Dead: Settling Down" . The Washington Post. p. B6. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
28. Ankeny, Jason. "American Beauty – Grateful Dead". AllMusic . Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
29. "The Definitive 200 as chosen by a committee of music retailers within the National Association of Recording Merchandisers (NARM)". TimePieces in history of music recording. National Association of Recording Merchandisers (NARM). March 6, 2007. Archived from the original on February 10, 2010. Retrieved December 4, 2011.
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32. Colin Larkin, ed. (2000). All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. p. 76. ISBN   0-7535-0493-6.
33. "Billboard 200 album chart position". Rovi Corporation/Billboard . Retrieved November 22, 2010.
34. Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 129. ISBN   0-646-11917-6.
35. "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 2023. 10. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved March 17, 2023.
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37. "Grateful Dead Chart History (Top Rock Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
38. "Billboard Hot 100 singles chart position". Rovi Corporation/Billboard . Retrieved November 22, 2010.
39. "RIAA Gold & Platinum database-American Beauty". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved February 28, 2009.^{[ permanent dead link ]}