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Chikamatsu Monzaemon was a Japanese dramatist of jōruri,the form of puppet theater that later came to be known as bunraku,and the live-actor drama,kabuki. The Encyclopædia Britannica has written that he is "widely regarded as the greatest Japanese dramatist". His most famous plays deal with double-suicides of honor bound lovers. Of his puppet plays,around 70 are jidaimono (時代物) and 24 are sewamono (世話物). The domestic plays are today considered the core of his artistic achievement,particularly works such as The Courier for Hell (1711) and The Love Suicides at Amijima (1721). His histories are viewed less positively,though The Battles of Coxinga (1715) remains praised.
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Bunraku is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre,founded in Osaka in the beginning of the 17th century,which is still performed in the modern day. Three kinds of performers take part in a bunraku performance:the Ningyōtsukai or Ningyōzukai (puppeteers),the tayū (chanters),and shamisen musicians. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used. The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called jōruri and the Japanese word for puppet is ningyō. It is used in many plays.
Shunga (春画) is a type of Japanese erotic art typically executed as a kind of ukiyo-e,often in woodblock print format. While rare,there are also extant erotic painted handscrolls which predate ukiyo-e. Translated literally,the Japanese word shunga means picture of spring;"spring" is a common euphemism for sex.
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The Love Suicides at Amijima is a domestic play (sewamono) by Japanese playwright Chikamatsu Monzaemon. Originally written for the bunraku puppet theatre,it was adapted into kabuki shortly after its premiere on 3 January 1721. It is widely regarded as one of his greatest domestic plays and was hailed by Donald Keene as “Chikamatsu’s masterpiece”.
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Namiki Sōsuke,also known as Namiki Senryū,was a prominent Japanese playwright who wrote for both kabuki and bunraku. He produced around 47 bunraku plays,nearly 40 of them composed for jōruri,a particular form of musical narrative,and 10 kabuki plays. He is considered the second greatest Japanese playwright after Chikamatsu Monzaemon.
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Ronald Cavaye is a British pianist,born in England and a resident of the United Kingdom. He is a classical pianist and writer.
Sakata TōjūrōI was an early kabuki actor of the Genroku period in Japan. He was a pioneer of the wagoto style,and of Kamigata kabuki more generally. His influence persists in the lineage of actors who have taken up his artistic mantle.
The Oil-Hell Murder is a 1992 Japanese film directed by Hideo Gosha. It was Japan's submission to the 65th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film,but was not accepted as a nominee.
Gary Gerstle is an American historian and the Paul Mellon Professor of American History at the University of Cambridge,and a Fellow of Sidney Sussex College.
Genroku culture is the term used to describe the culture of the early Edo period (1603–1867),in particular the Genroku era of 1688–1704. Genroku culture is known as a period of luxurious display when the arts were increasingly patronized by a growing and powerful merchant class. The Genroku period is associated with two pleasure zones:the brothel district and the theaters. These two areas were often located near each other on the margins of respectable society. These constituted the ukiyo celebrated in woodblock prints of prostitutes,actors,and pornography.
Donald Howard Shively was an American academic,historian,Japanologist,author and professor emeritus of East Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of California,Berkeley. He was a leader of Japan studies in the United States.
References
- ↑ Columbia College (Columbia University). Office of Alumni Affairs and Development; Columbia College (Columbia University) (2015–2016). Columbia College today. Columbia University Libraries. New York, N.Y. : Columbia College, Office of Alumni Affairs and Development.
- ↑ "Gerstle, Prof. (C.) Andrew", Who's Who (online edition, Oxford University Press, December 2017). Retrieved 30 June 2018.
- 1 2 "Andrew Gerstle", SOAS University of London. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
- ↑ "Circles of fantasy : musical and dramatic conventions in the plays of Chikamatsu", HOLLIS: Harvard University Library Catalogue. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
- 1 2 "Professor Andrew Gerstle", British Academy. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
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