Elamkulam Manakkal Sankaran Namboodiripad,popularly known by his initials 'E. M. S.'was an Indian communist politician and theorist,who served as the first Chief Minister of Kerala in 1957–1959 and then again in 1967–1969. As a member of the Communist Party of India (CPI),he became the first non-Congress Chief Minister in the Indian republic. In 1964,he led a faction of the CPI that broke away to form the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats,and one of the national parties of India. The party was founded through a splitting from CPI in 1964 and it quickly became the dominant fraction.
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest communist party in India. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur on 26 December 1925. Currently,it has two members in Lok Sabha and two members in Rajya Sabha. In addition,it has 22 MLAs across four states and one MLC in Bihar. It has the current ECI status of a state party in Tamil Nadu,Kerala and Manipur.
The Left Democratic Front (LDF) also known as Left Front (Kerala) is an alliance of left-wing political parties in the state of Kerala,India. It is the current ruling political alliance of Kerala,since 2016. It is one of the two major political alliances in Kerala,the other being Indian National Congress-led United Democratic Front,each of which has been in power alternately for the last four decades. LDF has won the elections to the State Legislature of Kerala in the years 1980,1987,1996,2006,2016 and had a historic re-election in 2021 where an incumbent government was re-elected for first time in 40 years. LDF has won 6 out of 10 elections since the formation of the alliance in 1980. The alliance consists of CPI(M),CPI and various smaller parties.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation is a communist political party in India. The party is represented in Bihar and Jharkhand Legislative Assemblies. Since 2023,the party is also a member of the INDIA electoral alliance.
Charu Mazumdar,popularly known as CM,was an Indian Communist leader,and founder and General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). Born into a progressive landlord family in Siliguri in 1918,he became a Communist during the Indian Independence Movement,and later formed the militant Naxalite cause. During this period,he authored the historic accounts of the 1967 Naxalbari uprising. His writings,particularly the Historic Eight Documents,have become part of the ideology which a number of political parties in India.
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a Marxist–Leninist–Maoist banned communist political party and militant organization in India which aims to overthrow the "semi-colonial and semi-feudal Indian state" through protracted people's war. It was founded on 21 September 2004,through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War (People's War Group) and the Maoist Communist Centre of India (MCCI). The party has been designated as a terrorist organisation in India under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act since 2009.
Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan was a trade union leader and the former general secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI),one of the oldest political parties in India.
Pinarayi Vijayan is an Indian politician who is the current Chief Minister of Kerala,serving since 25 May 2016. A member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist),he is the longest-serving secretary of the Kerala State Committee of the CPI(M) (1998–2015). He also served in the government of Kerala as Minister of Electric Power and Co-operatives from 1996 to 1998. Vijayan won a seat in the May 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election as the CPI(M) candidate for Dharmadom constituency and was selected as the leader of the Left Democratic Front (LDF) and became the 12th Chief Minister of Kerala. He is the first chief minister from Kerala to be re-elected after completing a full term in office. In 2022,he also became the longest-continuous serving chief minister of Kerala surpassing C. Achutha Menon who had been the first to remain in office for 2364 consecutive days.
Sitaram Yechury is an Indian marxist politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Marxist),and a member of the Politburo of the CPI(M) since 1992. Previously,he was a Member of Parliament,Rajya Sabha from West Bengal from 2005 to 2017.
Muppala Lakshmana Rao,commonly known by his nom de guerre Ganapathy or Ganapathi,is the leader of the Indian Maoist movement and former General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (Maoist),a banned Maoist insurgent communist party in India. He resigned from the post in November 2018.
Communism in India has existed as a social or political ideology as well as a political movement since at least as early as the 1920s. In its early years,communist ideology was harshly suppressed through legal prohibitions and criminal prosecutions. Eventually,communist parties became ensconced in national party politics,sprouting several political offshoots.
The Naxalite–Maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between Maoist groups known as Naxalites or Naxals and the Indian government. The influence zone of the Naxalites is called the red corridor,which has been steadily declining in terms of geographical coverage and number of violent incidents,and in 2021 it was confined to the 25 "most affected" locations,accounting for 85% of Left Wing Extremism (LWE) violence,and 70 "total affected" districts across 10 states in two coal-rich,remote,forested hilly clusters in and around the Dandakaranya-Chhattisgarh-Odisha region and the tri-junction area of Jharkhand-Bihar and-West Bengal. The Naxalites have frequently targeted police and government workers in what they say is a fight for improved land rights and more jobs for neglected agricultural labourers and the poor.
David Pandian was an Indian Tamil politician who served as Member of Parliament elected from Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Lok Sabha as an Indian National Congress–United Communist Party of India (UCPI) candidate from North Chennai constituency in 1989 and 1991 elections. He was the Tamil Nadu State Secretary of the Communist Party of India for three consecutive terms from 2005 to 2015,when he was succeeded by R. Mutharasan.
Doraisamy Raja is an Indian politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI) since July 2019. He was former member of Rajya Sabha from Tamil Nadu. He was the national secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI) from 1994 to 2019.
The 2014 Indian general elections for Tamil Nadu's 39 seats in the 16th Lok Sabha were held on 24 April 2014. The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam led by its general secretary J. Jayalalithaa won a spectacular victory,taking 37 of the 39 seats. The total electors in the state of Tamil Nadu for the election was 55,114,867 and 73.74% of voters exercised their right to do so. The results of the elections were declared on 16 May 2014.
The 2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election was held on 18 February for 59 of the state's 60 constituencies. The counting of votes took place on 3 March 2018. With 43.59% of the vote,the BJP secured a majority of seats (36) and subsequently formed the government with Biplab Kumar Deb as Chief Minister. The former governing Left Front alliance while receiving 44.35% of the vote secured only 16 seats.
C. P. John is an Indian politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Marxist Party. He is the National executive member of Hind Mazdoor Sabha. He was the Vice President of Students' Federation of India (SFI) Central committee during 1978 and the youngest President of Kerala State committee of SFI. He served two terms as a member of Kerala State Planning Board.
Aparajitha Raja is an Indian politician who was the national leader of the All India Students’Federation (AISF). She is currently serving as a National Council member of All India Youth Federation. She is the daughter of D. Raja,the Communist Party of India’s (CPI) General Secretary,and Annie Raja,the General Secretary of the National Federation of Indian Women.
