Arachnis (plant)

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Arachnis
Arachnis longisepala - Flickr 003.jpg
Inflorescence detail of Arachnis longisepala
Arachnis labrosa Long Zhua Lan (36921330794).jpg
Flowering Arachnis labrosa specimen
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Aeridinae
Genus: Arachnis
Blume
Type species
Arachnis flos-aeris
(L.) Rchb.f.
Synonyms [1]

The genus Arachnis, abbreviated as Arach in horticultural trade, (common name scorpion orchid, [2] [3] ) is a member of the orchid family (Orchidaceae), consisting of more than 20 species native to China, India, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. [4] [5]

Contents

Description

Vegetative characteristics

The appearance of the monopodial, epiphytic herbs of the genus Arachnis is characterized by distichously arranged, linear leaves. [6] The vining plants may grow into a dense thicket. [7] Arachnis does not produce pseudobulbs. [8]

Generative characteristics

The flowers are thought to resemble spiders, [8] and they are fragrant. [6] [8] The fragrance has been described as musky. [8]

Etymology

The generic epithet Arachnis is derived from the Greek word arachne for spider. [9]

Ecology

Habitat

Arachnis senapatiana has been found growing in subtropical broad-leaved forests at elevations of 1747 m above sea level. [6]

Flowering

Arachnis senapatiana is known to flower in June. [6]

Taxonomy

Accepted species

There are currently 16 accepted species, including one natural hybrid: [1]

Species formerly placed in Arachnis

Conservation

Arachnis has become extinct in Nansei-shoto. [1]

Horticulture

It can be cultivated under warm and moist conditions growing in pots, baskets, or mounted on slabs. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aeridinae</span> Subtribe of orchids

In the botanical classification of plants, Aeridinae Pfitzer is a subtribe of the tribe Vandeae whose representatives all have a monopodial growth habit and do not possess pseudobulbs.

<i>Vanda</i> Genus of orchids

Vanda, abbreviated in the horticultural trade as V., is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are 90 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among the most specifically adapted of all orchids within the Orchidaceae. The genus is highly prized in horticulture for its showy, fragrant, long-lasting, and intensely colorful flowers. Vanda species are widespread across East Asia, Southeast Asia, and New Guinea, with a few species extending into Queensland and some of the islands of the western Pacific.

<i>Spathoglottis</i> Genus of orchids

Spathoglottis, commonly known as purple orchids or 苞舌兰属 is a genus of about fifty species of orchids in the family Orchidaceae. They are evergreen terrestrial herbs with crowded pseudobulbs, a small number of leaves and medium-sized resupinate flowers on an upright flowering stem. The sepals and petals are all similar to each other and are white, yellow, pink or purple. Species of Spathoglottis are found from eastern and south-eastern Asia to Australia and some Pacific Islands.

<i>Coelogyne</i> Genus of orchids

Coelogyne is a genus of 594 species, which are sympodial epiphytes from the family Orchidaceae, distributed across India, China, Indonesia and the Fiji islands, with the main centers in Borneo, Sumatra and the Himalayas. They can be found from tropical lowland forests to montane rainforests. A few species grow as terrestrials or even as lithophytes in open, humid habitats. The genera BolborchisLindl., HologynePfitzer and PtychogynePfitzer are generally included here. The genus is abbreviated Coel. in trade journals.

<i>Thrixspermum</i> Genus of orchids

Thrixspermum, commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 , is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers with the sepals and petals more or less similar to each other. The labellum is rigidly fixed to the column and has three lobes. The side lobes are erect and the middle lobe is thick and fleshy. There are about 190 species distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific. Most species grow in lowland or tropical rainforests up to an altitude of 1,200 m.

<i>Calanthe</i> Genus of orchids

Calanthe, commonly known as Christmas orchids, is a genus of about 220 species of orchids in the family Orchidaceae. They are evergreen or deciduous terrestrial plants with thick roots, small oval pseudobulbs, large corrugated leaves and upright, sometimes arching flowering stems. The sepals and petals are narrow and a similar size to each other and the labellum usually has spreading lobes.

<i>Phaius</i> Genus of orchids

Phaius, commonly known as swamp orchids or in Chinese as 鶴頂蘭屬/鹤顶兰属 , is a genus of forty-five species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. They are evergreen, terrestrial herbs which form clumps with crowded, sometimes stem-like pseudobulbs, large, pleated leaves and relatively large, often colourful flowers. Species in this genus are found in the tropical parts of Africa, Asia, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, Australia, and various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. One species is also naturalized in Hawaii, Florida, and the Caribbean.

<i>Goodyera</i> Genus of orchids

Goodyera, commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of Goodyera have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East Asia, Goodyera is found across Europe, Madeira, North and Central America, Australia, and on islands from the west Indian Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. They have a rosette of leaves at their base and usually many small white resupinate flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus Spiranthes but can be distinguished from them by the shape and colour patterns of the leaves.

<i>Cylindrolobus</i> Genus of plants in the Orchidaceae from New Guinea, Asian Tropics and China

Cylindrolobus is a genus of orchids with about 80 species that grow in New Guinea, Wallacea, Southeast Asia, southern China, and India.

<i>Pinalia</i> Genus of orchids

Pinalia, commonly known as gremlin orchids, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are large epiphytic or lithophytic plants with prominent pseudobulbs, each with up to three thin, flat leaves and cup-shaped, relatively short-lived flowers with scale-like brown hairs on the outside. There are about 120 species occurring from tropical to subtropical Asia to the south-west Pacific.

<i>Phreatia</i> Genus of orchids

Phreatia, commonly known as lace orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to regions bordering the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Plants in this genus are epiphytes, sometimes with pseudobulbs, in which case there are usually one or two leaves. Others lack pseudobulbs but have up to twelve leaves. A large number of small white or greenish flowers are borne on a flowering stem emerging from a leaf axil or from the base of the pseudobulb when present but the flowers do not open widely. There are about 220 species, distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Pacific.

<i>Robiquetia</i> Genus of orchids

Robiquetia, commonly known as pouched orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus are epiphytes with long, sometimes branched, fibrous stems, leathery leaves in two ranks and large numbers of small, densely crowded flowers on a pendulous flowering stem. There are about eighty species found from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific.

<i>Trichoglottis</i> Genus of orchid

Trichoglottis, commonly known as cherub orchids or 毛舌兰属 , is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytic plants with thick roots, relatively thick, fibrous stems and many large, thick, leathery leaves arranged in two ranks. The flowers are usually small and yellowish with light brown or purple markings. The flowers have broad sepals, narrower petals and a labellum which has three lobes and is often hairy. There are about 85 species distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the north-western Pacific. Most species grow in rainforest.

<i>Brachypeza</i> Genus of orchids

Brachypeza, commonly known as sage orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus have short stems with fleshy leaves and arching flowering stems with short-lived flowers. The sepals and petals are similar in size and shape and the labellum is pouch-like and suspended at the base of the flower. Sage orchids occur in tropical areas from Indochina to New Guinea.

<i>Dimorphorchis</i> Genus of plants

Dimorphorchis is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains 9 species, which are native to Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Solomon Islands, and Brunei.

<i>Grosourdya</i> Genus of orchids

Grosourdya is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. As of May 2022, it contains 26 known species, native to Southeast Asia.

  1. Grosourdya appendiculata(Blume) Rchb.f. - widespread from Hainan to the Andaman Islands to the Philippines and Maluku
  2. Grosourdya bicornutaJ.J.Wood & A.L.Lamb - Sabah
  3. Grosourdya bigibba (Schltr.) Kocyan & Schuit.
  4. Grosourdya calliferaSeidenf. - Thailand
  5. Grosourdya ciliata (Ridl.) Kocyan & Schuit.
  6. Grosourdya decipiens (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit.
  7. Grosourdya emarginata (Blume) Rchb.f.
  8. Grosourdya fasciculata (Carr) Kocyan & Schuit.
  9. Grosourdya incurvicalcar(J.J.Sm.) Garay - Java, Peninsular Malaysia, Sulawesi
  10. Grosourdya leytensis (Ames) Kocyan & Schuit.
  11. Grosourdya lobata Kocyan & Schuit.
  12. Grosourdya milneri P.O'Byrne, Gokusing & J.J.Wood
  13. Grosourdya mindanaensis (Ames) Kocyan & Schuit.
  14. Grosourdya minutiflora(Ridl.) Garay - Pahang
  15. Grosourdya minutissima P.T.Ong & P.O'Byrne
  16. Grosourdya multistrata P.O'Byrne, J.J.Verm. & S.M.L.Lee
  17. Grosourdya muscosa(Rolfe) Garay - Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Andaman Islands
  18. Grosourdya myosurus (Ridl.) Kocyan & Schuit.
  19. Grosourdya nitida (Seidenf.) Kocyan & Schuit.
  20. Grosourdya pulvinifera(Schltr.) Garay - Sabah, Sulawesi
  21. Grosourdya quinquelobata(Schltr.) Garay - Sulawesi
  22. Grosourdya reflexicalcarP.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm.
  23. Grosourdya tripercus(Ames) Garay - Leyte
  24. Grosourdya urunensisJ.J.Wood, C.L.Chan & A.L.Lamb - Sabah
  25. Grosourdya vietnamica (Aver.) Kumar & S.W.Gale
  26. Grosourdya zollingeri(Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. - Java, Maluku
<i>Peristylus</i> Genus of orchids

Peristylus, sometimes commonly known as ogre orchids or bog orchids is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It consists of over 100 known species found across much of eastern and southern Asia as well as in Australia and on many islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Platylepis is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is widespread across sub-Saharan Africa and also on various islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

  1. Platylepis bigibbosaH.Perrier - Madagascar
  2. Platylepis bombusJ.J.Sm. - Seram
  3. Platylepis commelynae(Lindl.) Rchb.f. - Society Islands
  4. Platylepis constricta(J.J.Sm.) J.J.Sm. - New Guinea
  5. Platylepis densifloraRolfe - Réunion
  6. Platylepis geluana(Schltr.) Schuit. & de Vogel - New Guinea
  7. Platylepis glandulosa(Lindl.) Rchb.f. - widespread across tropical and southern Africa
  8. Platylepis grandiflora(Schltr.) Ormerod - New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Futuna
  9. Platylepis heteromorphaRchb.f. - Samoa
  10. Platylepis intricataSchuit. & de Vogel - Papua New Guinea
  11. Platylepis lamellataSchltr. - New Guinea
  12. Platylepis margaritiferaSchltr. - Madagascar
  13. Platylepis occulta(Thouars) Rchb.f. - Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius, Seychelles
  14. Platylepis polyadeniaRchb.f. - Madagascar, Comoros
  15. Platylepis rufa(Frapp.) Schltr. - Réunion
  16. Platylepis tidorensisJ.J.Sm. - Maluku
  17. Platylepis viscosa(Rchb.f.) Schltr. - Réunion
  18. Platylepis xerosteleOrmerod - Cameroon
  19. Platylepis zeuxinoidesSchltr. - New Guinea
<i>Pteroceras</i> Genus of orchids

Pteroceras is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Arachnis Blume". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  2. ↑ Beard, James Daniel (2015). "A Translator's Vietnamese English Dictionary of Plant Names" (PDF). monash.edu.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  3. ↑ Yearron, Sydney H. "Scientific or Latin Names to English Common Name" (PDF). The Canadian Orchid Congress. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
  4. ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  5. ↑ Flora of China, v25 p 465, 蜘蛛兰属 zhi zhu lan shu , Arachnis
  6. 1 2 3 4 Jakha, H. Y., Deb, C. R., Dey, S., & Jamir, N. S. (2014). "Arachnis senapatiana (Phukan & AA Mao) Kocyan & Schuiteman (Orchidaceae): an addition to the flora of Nagaland, India." Pleione, 8(2), 516-518.
  7. 1 2 Rach, N. (n.d.). Arachnis  Blume 1825. American Orchid Society. Retrieved January 6, 2023, from https://www.aos.org/orchids/orchids-a-to-z/letter-a/arachnis.aspx
  8. 1 2 3 4 Tan, K. W. (1974). "Taxonomy of Arachnis, Armodorum, Esmeralda and Dimorphorchis (Orchidaceae)." University of Miami.
  9. ↑ Teoh, E.S. (2021). Arachnis Bl.. In: Orchid Species from Himalaya and Southeast Asia Vol. 1 (A - E). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58872-4_15
  10. ↑ "Dimorphorchis beccarii (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  11. 1 2 3 "Dimorphorchis breviscapa (J.J.Sm.) Kocyan & Schuit". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  12. ↑ "Dimorphorchis celebica (Schltr.) Ormerod". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  13. ↑ "Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  14. ↑ "Dimorphorchis lowii (Lindl.) Rolfe". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  15. ↑ "Dimorphorchis lyonii (Ames) Ormerod". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  16. ↑ "Dimorphorchis beccarii var. beccarii". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  17. ↑ "Trichoglottis philippinensis Lindl". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  18. ↑ "Dimorphorchis rohaniana (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  19. ↑ "Dimorphorchis beccarii var. imthurnii (Rolfe) Kocyan & Schuit". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
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