Armadillidae

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Armadillidae
Venezillo parvus.jpg
Venezillo parvus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Superorder: Peracarida
Order: Isopoda
Suborder: Oniscidea
Family: Armadillidae
Brandt, 1831
Type genus
Armadillo
Duméril, 1816
Diversity
c. 80 genera, 700 species
Synonyms

Cubaridae Brandt, 1833

Armadillo officinalis, Spain Armadillo officinalis (8722303565) (cropped).jpg
Armadillo officinalis, Spain
Barrowdillo pseudopyrgoniscus, Barrow Island, Australia Barrowdillo pseudopyrgoniscus.jpg
Barrowdillo pseudopyrgoniscus , Barrow Island, Australia
Cubaris insularis, Java, Indonesia Cubaris insularis Searle, 1922.png
Cubaris insularis, Java, Indonesia

Armadillidae is a family of woodlice (Oniscidea; terrestrial crustaceans), comprising around 80 genera and 700 species. It is the largest family of Oniscidea, and one of the most species-rich families of the entire Isopoda. [1] [2] Most of the armadillidae taxa are not monophyletic. Armadillids generally have a strongly convex body shape, with some rather shallowly convex. [3] Like members of the woodlice family Armadillidiidae, armadillids are capable of enrolling into a sphere (conglobation), and are commonly known as pill bugs. [4] [5] Some species, however, have secondarily lost their conglobation ability. For example, a species exist in which the males lack the inner face of the coxal plates and are therefore unable to conglobate. [6] Armadillids differ from the Armadillidiidae in that the antennae are fully enclosed within the sphere. [7]

Contents

Species of Armadillidae occur in a variety of habitats including forests, savannas, and arid regions. Armadillids occur natively in the Afrotropics, Asia, Australia, the Neotropics, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. [8] A few poorly-known species occur in North America north of Mexico, and some are introduced. [9] [10]

The family Armadillidae was erected by German naturalist Johann Friedrich von Brandt in 1831, although the earliest named genus now assigned to the family is Armadillo, described by French zoologist André Marie Constant Duméril in 1816. The German zoologist Karl Wilhelm Verhoeff described nearly one quarter of currently recognized genera (17).

Genera

Each genus listed below is followed by the author citation, the biologist(s) who first coined the genus, and the year of its publication.

Related Research Articles

<i>Armadillidium</i> Genus of woodlice

Armadillidium is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. Armadillidium are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes such as Glomeris marginata. They are characterised by their ability to roll into a ball ("volvation") when disturbed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Armadillidiidae</span> Family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda

Armadillidiidae is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. Unlike members of some other woodlice families, members of this family can roll into a ball, an ability they share with the outwardly similar but unrelated pill millipedes and other animals. This ability gives woodlice in this family their common names of pill bugs or roly polies. Other common names include slaters,potato bugs, butchy boys and doodle bugs. Most species are native to the Mediterranean Basin, while a few species have wider European distributions. The best-known species, Armadillidium vulgare, was introduced to New England in the early 19th century and has become widespread throughout North America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Porcellionidae</span> Family of woodlice

Porcellionidae is a terrestrial family of the order Isopoda.

<i>Haplophthalmus</i> Genus of woodlice

Haplophthalmus is a genus of woodlice in family Trichoniscidae. It contains 47 described species, of which two are listed as vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List – Haplophthalmus abbreviatus and Haplophthalmus rhinoceros.

<i>Styloniscus</i> Genus of woodlice

Styloniscus is a genus of woodlice in the family Styloniscidae. It contains the following species as of 2010:

<i>Porcellio</i> Genus of woodlice

Porcellio is a genus of woodlice in the family Porcellionidae. These crustaceans are found essentially worldwide. A well-known species is the common rough woodlouse, Porcellio scaber.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philosciidae</span> Family of woodlice

Philosciidae are a family of woodlice. They occur almost everywhere on earth, with most species found in (sub)tropical America, Africa and Oceania, and only a few in the Holarctic.

<i>Trichoniscus</i> Genus of woodlice

Trichoniscus is a genus of woodlice. It contains over 100 species, including the common pygmy woodlouse, Trichoniscus pusillus:

<i>Porcellionides</i> Genus of woodlice

Porcellionides is a genus of woodlice in the family Porcellionidae. It includes the following species :

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Platyarthridae</span> Family of woodlice

Platyarthridae is a family of woodlice, containing the following genera:

<i>Trachelipus</i> Genus of woodlice

Trachelipus is a genus of woodlice in the family Trachelipodidae, containing the following species:

Scleropactidae is a family of woodlice, with a predominantly Gondwanan distribution. It contains the following genera:

Niambia is a genus of woodlice in the family Platyarthridae. There are at least 20 described species in Niambia.

Rhyscotus is a genus of armadillo woodlice, land crustacean isopods of the family Rhyscotidae. It was first described in 1885 by Gustav Budde-Lund.

Alloniscus is the sole genus in the woodlice family Alloniscidae. There are more than 20 described species in Alloniscus.

<i>Armadilloniscus</i> Genus of crustaceans

Armadilloniscus is a genus of woodlice in the family Detonidae. There are more than 30 described species in Armadilloniscus.

Alpioniscus is a southern European genus of woodlice in the family Trichoniscidae. Alpioniscus consists of two subgenera: Alpioniscus s.s. and Illyrionethes. A 2019 study used molecular and taxonomic analyses to verify the validity of the current taxonomy, resulting in the redescription of several species and the description of two new species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eubelidae</span> Family of crustaceans

Eubelidae is a family of isopods belonging to the order Isopoda. It contains the following genera:

Laureola is a genus of woodlice, a land crustacean isopod of the family Armadillidae.

References

  1. ↑ Schotte, M. (2015). Schotte, M.; Boyko, C.B; Bruce, N.L.; Poore, G.C.B.; Taiti, S.; Wilson, G.D.F. (eds.). "Armadillidae Brandt, 1831". World Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Isopod Crustaceans database. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
  2. ↑ Ahyong, S.T.; Lowry, J.K.; Alonso, M.; Bamber. R.N.; Boxshall. G.A.; Castro, P.; Gerken, S.; Karaman, G.S.; Goy, J.W.; Jones, D.S.; Meland, K.; Rogers, D.C. & Svavarsson, J. (2011). "Subphylum Crustacea Brünnich, 1772". In Zhang, Z.-Q. (ed.). Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa. Magnolia Press. pp. 165–191. ISBN   9781869778491.
  3. ↑ Gary C. B. Poore (2002). Crustacea: Malacostraca : Syncardia, Peracardia : Isopoda, Tanaidacea, Mictacea, Thermosbaenacea, Spelaeogriphacea. Csiro Publishing. pp. 286–302. ISBN   978-0-643-06901-5.
  4. ↑ Hale, Herbert H. (1929). The Crustaceans of South Australia (PDF).
  5. ↑ Charles Leonard Hogue (1993). Latin American Insects and Entomology. University of California Press. pp.  110–. ISBN   978-0-520-07849-9.
  6. ↑ Schmidt, Christian (2008-04-22). "Contribution to the phylogenetic system of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda). Part 2. (Oniscoidea to Armadillidiidae)". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 79 (1): 3–179. doi:10.1002/mmnz.20030790102.
  7. ↑ Little, Colin (1983). The Colonisation of Land: Origins and Adaptations of Terrestrial Animals. Cambridge University Press. p. 80. ISBN   978-0-521-25218-8.
  8. ↑ Taiti, Stefano; Paoli, Pasquino; Ferrara, Franco (1998). "Morphology, biogeography, and ecology of the family Armadillidae (Crustacea, Oniscidea)". Israel Journal of Zoology. 44 (3–4): 291–301. doi:10.1080/00212210.1998.10688952 (inactive 31 January 2024).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link)
  9. ↑ Wright, Jonathan C. "Southern California Oniscidea". Pomona College. Retrieved 2015-05-21.
  10. ↑ Muchmore, William B. (1990). "Terrestrial Isopoda". In Dindal, Daniel L. (ed.). Soil Biology Guide. Chichester: John Wiley. pp. 805–817. ISBN   978-0471045519.
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