Asplenium anceps

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Asplenium anceps
Anceps-madeira.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Aspleniaceae
Genus: Asplenium
Species:
A. anceps
Binomial name
Asplenium anceps
[Lowe ex Hook. et Grev. Page (1971)]

Asplenium anceps is a diploid fern of family Aspleniaceae and one of the ancestors of the ferns that form the trichomanes complex. It lives exclusively in the three northernmost archipelagoes of the Macaronesian region, that is, is an endemic macaronesian fern. Its fronds are leathery and plastic and rachis is very thick, bright reddish brown and is traversed throughout its length of three wings, two on the upper surface to draw a groove and a third on the lower surface which is characteristic and unique to this species, since all other species of the trichomanes complex without. A typical feature of this fern, which he shares with all its hybrid offspring (Asplenium azoricum, Asplenium azomanes and Asplenium X tubalense) is the existence of a small atrium on the basis of medium and less pinnae directed toward the apex of the blade with one or two sori on its underside.

Contents

Taxonomy

A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades, [1] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. A. anceps belongs to the "A. trichomanes subclade" of the "A. trichomanes clade". [2] The A. trichomanes clade has a worldwide distribution. Members of the clade grow on rocks and have once-pinnate leaf blades with slender, chestnut- to dark-brown stalks. [3] The A. trichomanes subclade also has brown, membraneous wings or projections on the side of the rachis. Relatives within the subclade include the (polyphyletic) A. trichomanes and A. tripteropus . [4]

Habitat

It grows in the shade of laurel forests and high mountain pine forests between the stones of the walls and crevices of volcanic rock oriented north and northwest, on a base of moss and lichen.

Distribution

It lives in Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Since 1972 there have been no records of this plant in the Azores. [5]

Hybrids

Related Research Articles

Asplenium ruprechtii, which goes by the common name Asian Walking Fern, is a rare, hardy, low-lying fern native to East Asia. It is a close relative of Asplenium rhizophyllum which is found in North America and also goes by the common name of walking fern. The species should not be confused with Asplenium sibiricum which is a synonym of Diplazium sibiricum.

<i>Asplenium ceterach</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium ceterach is a fern species commonly known as rustyback.

<i>Asplenium septentrionale</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium septentrionale is a species of fern known by the common names northern spleenwort and forked spleenwort. It is native to Europe, Asia and western North America, where it grows on rocks. Its long, slender leaves give it a distinctive appearance. Three subspecies exist, corresponding to a tetraploid and a diploid cytotype and their triploid hybrid.

<i>Asplenium vespertinum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium vespertinum is a species of fern known by the common name western spleenwort. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in moist, shady, rocky places, such as the shadows beneath cliff overhangs.

<i>Asplenium flaccidum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium flaccidum is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. The plant common name is drooping spleenwort or weeping spleenwort, and the species name flaccidum derives from the Latin root meaning drooping. An example occurrence of A. flaccidum is within a Nothofagus-Podocarp forest at Hamilton Ecological District on New Zealand's North Island in association with other fern species understory plants, crown fern, Blechnum discolor being an example.

<i>Asplenium azoricum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium azoricum is a fern from hybrid origin of the family Aspleniaceae, descendant of the Macaronesian ancestral fern Asplenium anceps. It lives exclusively in the Azores, that is a strict endemic Azorean fern. Its fronds are coriaceous like plastic and its rachis is very thick, dark garnet color and brilliance. A typical feature of this fern, which it shares with all the descendants of A. anceps, is the existence of a small atrium at the base of the medium and lower pinnae geared towards the apex of the frond with one or two sori in its underside.

<i>Asplenium antiquum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium antiquum is a fern of the group known as bird's-nest ferns. In Japanese it is known by ō-tani-watari and tani-watari. It grows on cliffs, in dark forests, and on tree trunks in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. It is classified as an endangered species in both South Korea and Japan.

<i>Asplenium ruta-muraria</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium ruta-muraria is a species of fern commonly known as wall-rue. It is a very small epipetric species, growing exclusively on limestone and other calcareous rocks. Its fronds are bluish-green and are heavily sub-divided, becoming up to 12 cm in length.

<i>Asplenium daucifolium</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium daucifolium is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, endemic to the Mascarene Islands.

<i>Asplenium dimorphum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium dimorphum, the Norfolk Island spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, endemic to Norfolk Island.

<i>Asplenium goudeyi</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium goudeyi is a fern only found on Lord Howe Island. A common plant growing in a variety of situations. On trees, or rocks, boulders, cliff faces and sometimes in exposed positions. The wavy edged fronds are 50 to 75 cm long, and 12 to 18 cm wide.

<i>Asplenium viride</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium viride is a species of fern known as the green spleenwort because of its green stipes and rachides. This feature easily distinguishes it from the very similar-looking maidenhair spleenwort, Asplenium trichomanes.

<i>Asplenium adiantum-nigrum</i> Species of ferns in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium adiantum-nigrum is a common species of fern known by the common name black spleenwort. It is found mostly in Africa, Europe, and Eurasia, but is also native to a few locales in Mexico and the United States.

<i>Asplenium onopteris</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium onopteris, known as the Irish spleenwort or western black spleenwort, is a species of fern mostly found throughout the Mediterranean Basin but also around the Eastern Atlantic.

<i>Asplenium milnei</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium milnei is a ground fern only found on Lord Howe Island. Commonly seen in lowland areas.

Asplenium pteridoides is a species of terrestrial fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Australia's subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It is restricted to the cool, moist understorey of the forest on the island's southern mountains.

<i>Asplenium surrogatum</i> Species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae

Asplenium surrogatum is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is endemic to Australia's subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It grows both terrestrially and as an epiphyte. It occurs in forest at high elevations on the island's mountains.

<i>Asplenium appendiculatum</i> Species of fern

Asplenium appendiculatum, ground spleenwort, is a common native fern to Australia and New Zealand. It usually grows in cool damp conditions, among rocks, on logs or as an epiphyte.

<i>Asplenium fontanum</i> Species of fern native to Europe, the fountain spleenwort

Asplenium fontanum, commonly known as fountain spleenwort or smooth rock spleenwort, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae, native to rocky areas in Western Europe.

Asplenium haughtonii, also known as the Barn fern, is a species of fern in the family Aspleniaceae. It is native to Saint Helena.

References

  1. Xu et al. 2020, p. 27.
  2. Xu et al. 2020, p. 39.
  3. Xu et al. 2020, p. 44.
  4. Xu et al. 2020, p. 45.
  5. "Asplenium anceps Lowe ex Hook. & Grev". Flora-On . Retrieved 4 March 2022.

Sources