Blitum bonus-henricus

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Good-King-Henry
Illustration Chenopodium bonus-henricus0.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Amaranthaceae
Genus: Blitum
Species:
B. bonus-henricus
Binomial name
Blitum bonus-henricus
Synonyms

see text

Blitum bonus-henricus (syn. Chenopodium bonus-henricus), also called Good-King-Henry, [1] poor-man's asparagus, perennial goosefoot, Lincolnshire spinach, Markery, [2] English mercury, or mercury goosefoot, [3] is a species of goosefoot which is native to much of central and southern Europe.

Contents

Good-King-Henry has been grown as a vegetable in cottage gardens for hundreds of years, although this dual-purpose vegetable is now rarely grown and the species is more often considered a weed.

Description

It is an annual or perennial plant growing up to 40–80 centimetres (16–31 inches) tall. The leaves are 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and broad, triangular to diamond-shaped, with a pair of broad pointed lobes near the base, with a slightly waxy, succulent texture. The flowers are produced in a tall, nearly leafless spike 10–30 cm (4–12 in) long; each flower is very small (3–5 millimetres or 18316 inch in diameter), green, with five sepals. The seeds are reddish-green, 2–3 mm in diameter.

Taxonomy

The species was described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus as Chenopodium bonus-henricus in Species Plantarum . [4] Until 2012, the species was usually included in genus Chenopodium , but molecular genetical research revealed that it does not really belong to this genus. It seems to be more closely related to the genus Spinacia , and is now placed in the genus Blitum in the tribe Anserineae. [5] [6] [7] The scientific name Blitum bonus-henricus was first used by Ludwig Reichenbach in 1832. [8]

Synonyms basing on the same type specimen are: Agathophytum bonus-henricus(L.) Moq., Anserina bonus-henricus(L.) Dumort., Atriplex bonus-henricus(L.) Crantz, Chenopodium bonus-henricusL., Orthospermum bonus-henricus(L.) Schur, and Orthosporum bonus-henricus(L.) T. Nees. [9] Heterotypic synonyms are: Blitum perenneBubani, Chenopodium hastatumSt.-Lag., Chenopodium ruderaleKit. ex Moq., Chenopodium ruderaleSt.-Lag., Chenopodium sagittatumLam., Chenopodium spinacifoliumStokes, Chenopodium triangulareDulac, Chenopodium triangularifoliaGilib., and Orthosporum unctuosumMontandon. [10]

Uses

Cropping can begin in spring. Some of the new shoots can be thinned out as they appear (usually from mid-spring to early summer) and cooked like asparagus. All cutting should then cease so that shoots are allowed to develop. The succulent triangular leaves may be harvested a few at a time until the end of August and cooked like spinach. [11]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chenopodioideae</span> Subfamily of flowering plants

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<i>Chenopodium vulvaria</i> Species of flowering plant

Chenopodium vulvaria, the stinking goosefoot or notchweed, is a foul-smelling plant or weed. The plant is a member of the genus Chenopodium, the goosefoots.

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Blite could refer to any one of the following plants:

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<i>Chenopodium candolleanum</i> Species of plant

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Spinacia is a flowering plant genus in the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. The most common member is spinach.

<i>Zephyranthes atamasca</i> Species of plant

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<i>Chenopodiastrum</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Blitum</i> Genus of flowering plants

Blitum is a genus of flowering plants in the amaranth family Amaranthaceae, subfamily Chenopodioideae. It is closely related to genus Spinacia. Its 12 species were traditionally placed in the genera Chenopodium, Monolepis, or Scleroblitum. The species of genus Blitum occur in Asia, Europe, North Africa, the Americas, and Australia.

<i>Oxybasis</i> Genus of plants

Oxybasis is a flowering plant genus from the subfamily Chenopodioideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It was first described in 1841, and newly used since 2012 for five species that were traditionally grouped into genus Chenopodium. They occur in Europe, Asia, North Africa and America.

<i>Lipandra</i> Genus of flowering plants

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<i>Ceropegia candelabrum</i> Species of plant

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References

  1. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. Great British Bites: Lincolnshire spinach Times Online, 13 May 2008 (registration required)
  3. Grieve, M. (2014). "Goosefoots". A Modern Herbal. Botanical.com. Retrieved 17 May 2015.
  4. Carl Linnaeus: Species Plantarum. Vol. 1, Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae 1753, p. 218.
  5. Susy Fuentes-Bazan, Pertti Uotila, Thomas Borsch: A novel phylogeny-based generic classification for Chenopodium sensu lato, and a tribal rearrangement of Chenopodioideae (Chenopodiaceae). In: Willdenowia. Vol. 42, No. 1, 2012, p. 18.
  6. "Blitum bonus-henricus". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 2016-11-04.
  7. Blitum bonus-henricus at National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), accessed 2014-11-26.
  8. Heinrich Gottlieb Ludwig Reichenbach: Flora Germanica excursoria. Vol. 2, Cnobloch, Leipzig, 1832, Vol 2, p. 582. online.
  9. "Chenopodium bonus-henricus". Tropicos . Missouri Botanical Garden . Retrieved 2014-11-25.
  10. "Chenopodium bonus-henricus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2014-11-25 via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  11. Mabey, Richard (2012). Food for Free. London: Collins. p. 103. ISBN   978-000-743847-1.