Bode Museum

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Bode Museum
Berlin Museumsinsel Fernsehturm.jpg
Bode Museum
Former name
Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum
Established1904
Location Museum Island, Berlin
Coordinates 52°31′19″N13°23′41″E / 52.52194°N 13.39472°E / 52.52194; 13.39472
Type Art museum
Website smb.museum
Part ofMuseumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
Criteria Cultural: ii, iv
Reference 896
Inscription1999 (23rd Session)
Area8.6 ha (21 acres)
Buffer zone22.5 ha (56 acres)

The Bode Museum, formerly called the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum (Emperor Frederick Museum), is a listed building on the Museum Island in the historic centre of Berlin. It was built from 1898 to 1904 by order of German Emperor William II according to plans by Ernst von Ihne in Baroque Revival style. The building's front square featured a memorial to German Emperor Frederick III, which was destroyed by the East German authorities. [1] Currently, the Bode-Museum is home to the Skulpturensammlung, the Museum für Byzantinische Kunst and the Münzkabinett (sculpture, coins and medals, and Byzantine art). [2] As part of the Museum Island complex, the Bode-Museum was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999 because of its outstanding architecture and testimony to the development of museums as a cultural phenomenon in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. [3]

Contents

History and collections

Originally called the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum after Emperor Frederick III, the museum was renamed in honor of its first curator, Wilhelm von Bode, in 1956.[ citation needed ]

During World War II, portions of the collection were stored in an antiaircraft tower called the Flakturm Friedrichshain for safe keeping. In May 1945, several fires destroyed some of the collections. In total, more than 400 paintings and about 300 sculptures were missing due to looting during the fire or destroyed in the fire itself. [4]

Closed for repairs since 1997, the museum was reopened on 18 October 2006, after a €156 million refurbishment. [5] True to the ethos of its founding director, Wilhelm von Bode, who believed in mixing art collections, [6] it is now the home for a collection of sculptures, Byzantine art, and coins and medals. [7] The presentation of the collections is both geographic and chronological, with the Byzantine and Gothic art of northern and southern Europe displayed separately on the museum's first floor and a similar regional division of Renaissance and Baroque art on its second floor. [6]

Sandro Botticelli, "Madonna and Child with Angels Carrying Candlesticks," c. 1485/1490, formerly the Kaiser Friedrich Museum, Berlin, destroyed 1945 in Flakturm Friedrichshain fire, Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC Botticelli madonna DLI 14105010920.jpg
Sandro Botticelli, "Madonna and Child with Angels Carrying Candlesticks," c. 1485/1490, formerly the Kaiser Friedrich Museum, Berlin, destroyed 1945 in Flakturm Friedrichshain fire, Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC

The sculpture collection displays artwork of the Christian Orient (with an emphasis on Coptic Egypt), sculptures from Byzantium and Ravenna, sculptures of the Middle Ages, the Italian Gothic, and the early Renaissance, including the controversial Flora attributed by Bode to Leonardo da Vinci but now widely argued to be a 19th-century work. Late German Gothic works are also represented by Tilman Riemenschneider, the south German Renaissance, and Prussian Baroque art up to the 18th century. In the future selected works of the Gemäldegalerie will be integrated into the sculpture collection. This is reminiscent of William von Bode's concept of "style rooms", in which sculptures, paintings, and crafts are viewed together, as was usual in upper middle-class private collections.

The Münzkabinett ("coin cabinet") is one of the world's largest numismatic collections. Its range spans from the beginning of minting in the 7th century BC in Asia Minor up to the present day. With approximately 500,000 items, the collection is a unique archive for historical research, while its medal collection also makes it an important art exhibition.[ citation needed ]

Writing in The Financial Times on the occasion on the museum's reopening in 2006, Neil MacGregor, director of the British Museum, hailed "the most comprehensive display of European sculpture anywhere." He added: "It is no exaggeration to say that in the new Bode Museum, Europe will be able for the first time to read its history — aesthetic and religious, intellectual and political — in a three-dimensional form." [6]

Canadian gold coin theft

The Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum in 1904 with the memorial on the front square 1905 Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum Monbijoubruecke.jpg
The Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum in 1904 with the memorial on the front square

On 27 March 2017, a solid gold coin called the Big Maple Leaf, issued by the Royal Canadian Mint in 2007 as a commemorative piece, was stolen from the museum. [8] [9] The coin, at 50 cm in diameter and 2.8 cm in thickness, is made of 24-karat gold and is worth around €3.7 million. [10] A ladder was found on the train tracks nearby, leading German police to speculate that the thief entered the building by breaking open a window in the back of the museum next to the railway tracks. [8] [10]

The thieves were later found to be 21 and 23-year-old cousins Ahmed and Wissam Remmo, along with their friend, Denis W. [11] Police do not expect to ever recover the coin, as the presence of gold dust leads them to believe the culprits had melted it down. Ahmed's brother Wayci was also charged, but later acquitted.

See also

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References

  1. ↑ Bodemuseum (Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum)(in German) Landesdenkmalamt Berlin Archived 18 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ "Staatliche Museen zu Berlin: Home". Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  3. ↑ "Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  4. ↑ "Beauty, Fire, & Memory: Lost Art of the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum". National Gallery of Art Department of Image Collections. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  5. ↑ "Teuer, billig, im Plan: Berliner Kulturbauten und was sie kosten". Der Tagesspiegel . 17 October 2013.
  6. 1 2 3 Riding, Alan (27 November 2006). "German Museums Move Closer to Reunification". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 29 January 2023.
  7. ↑ "Sculpture Collection and Museum of Byzantine Art". Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. Archived from the original on 15 September 2012.
  8. 1 2 "Solid gold coin worth $4m stolen from Berlin museum". BBC News. 27 March 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  9. ↑ Dowling, Tim (28 March 2017). "Forging pound coins? That's not a crime – it's a job". the Guardian. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  10. 1 2 Hall, Melanie (28 March 2017). "Giant gold coin worth almost €4 million stolen from Berlin museum in dawn heist". The Telegraph. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  11. ↑ Dafoe, Taylor (21 February 2020). "The Bumbling Thieves Who Stole an Enormous $4.3 Million Gold Coin From a Berlin Museum—and Probably Melted It Down—Are Heading to Prison". Artnet News.
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