Brooklyn Trust Company

Last updated

The Brooklyn Trust Company Building, the bank's former headquarters at 177 Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights Brooklyn Heights May 2023 62.jpg
The Brooklyn Trust Company Building, the bank's former headquarters at 177 Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights

The Brooklyn Trust Company was a bank headquartered in New York City, United States. Chartered in the then-independent city of Brooklyn in 1866, the Brooklyn Trust Company originally offered trust management and estate management services but also functioned as a commercial bank. The Brooklyn Trust Company acquired over a dozen smaller banks throughout its existence, merging with the Manufacturers Trust Company in 1950.

Contents

History

1860s to 1890s

The Brooklyn Trust Company received its charter from the New York State Legislature on April 14, 1866. [1] [2] According to a book written by the bank, there had been high demand for "a strong banking institution which should act as executor or trustee" in Brooklyn. [3] [4] The board of incorporators included several locally prominent figures [5] such as philanthropist Henry E. Pierrepont; collector J. Carson Brevoort; builder Daniel Chauncey; attorneys Jasper W. Gilbert and Alexander McCue; real estate developer John T. Runcie; politician William Wall; and businessman James Weaver. [6] The bank opened in June 1868, with Ethelbert S. Mills as its first president, [7] and was originally located at Court and Joralemon Streets. [8] The bank relocated to the corner of Clinton and Montague Streets in 1873. The structure, at 177 Montague Street, had been built in the 1850s as the residence of politician George Taylor and was expanded several times thereafter. [7]

The bank temporarily suspended operations in July 1873, [9] [10] resuming business the next month. [11] Mills killed himself after the bank suspended operations, believing that the bank was in decline. [10] [12] No one ever publicly accused him of mismanaging the bank, and a two-month investigation found that it was solvent. [7] Ripley Ropes succeeded Mills as president and oversaw the bank's growth over the next two decades. [7] During this time, the Brooklyn Trust Company functioned as a commercial bank, although it also offered trust management and estate management services. [5] Ropes died in 1890. [13] After Ropes's death, Christian S. Christensen was the bank's third president until 1900, [7] when he retired. [14]

1900s and 1910s

Theodore S. Miller was the bank's fourth president, leading it from 1900 until his death in 1913. [15] The Brooklyn Trust Company leased a site at the southeast corner of Bedford Avenue and Fulton Street, within the Bedford neighborhood of Brooklyn, in February 1903 [16] and opened its first branch there the next month. [17] The Brooklyn Trust Company's board of directors approved the construction of a branch in the Financial District of Manhattan in January 1907 [18] and opened a location at Broadway and Wall Street that May. [19]

The Brooklyn Trust Company agreed to take over the Long Island Loan and Trust Company at the end of 1912, with combined capital and surplus of $5.5 million, [20] [21] and the two banks merged that March. [22] Edwin P. Maynard took over as the fifth president of the Brooklyn Trust Company in June 1913, [7] [23] and Brooklyn Trust replaced its Montague Street headquarters with the Brooklyn Trust Company Building between 1913 and 1916. [24] Under Maynard's leadership, the bank continued to expand. [25] [26]

1920s to 1940s

Brooklyn Trust was a member of the New York Clearing House Association for fourteen years. The bank withdrew in 1922 after the association implemented new rules that forced commercial banks to pay lower interest rates. [27] During the 1920s, Brooklyn Trust opened additional branches in Bay Ridge and Flatbush. [25] [28] Maynard stepped down as president in 1927, becoming the chairman of the bank's board of trustees, while George Vincent McLaughlin became the sixth president of the Brooklyn Trust Company. [26] McLaughlin was a fan of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team and, under his tenure, Brooklyn Trust managed the estate of the Dodgers' owner Charles Ebbets. [29] [30] The bank hired lawyer Walter O'Malley in 1943 to manage the Dodgers' legal issues; O'Malley eventually gained control of the team and moved the Dodgers to Los Angeles. [30] [31] Because of Brooklyn Trust's involvement in managing Ebbets's estate, the bank was sometimes erroneously cited as an owner of the Dodgers. [32]

During late 1927, Brooklyn Trust acquired the Coney Island Bank from the National American Company. [33] [34] By the end of the next year, the bank had eight Brooklyn branches and one Manhattan branch. [35] The boards of directors of the Brooklyn Trust Company and the Mechanics Bank of Brooklyn agreed in January 1929 to merge their respective banks, [36] [37] and stockholders of both banks approved the merger later that month. [38] The combined institution had assets of at least $167 million. [36] The safe-deposit divisions of Brooklyn Trust and the Mechanics Bank were not merged until 1931. [39] Brooklyn Trust's board of directors agreed that December to acquire the State Bank of Richmond County and the Guardian National Bank of New York, which gave Brooklyn Trust four additional branches. [40] [41]

By the 1930s, the Brooklyn Trust Company had 31 branches in New York City, including in Queens and Staten Island. One of the bank's branches, within Park Slope, was modeled after the design of its main headquarters on Montague Street. [42] Brooklyn Trust sold off its last branch in Staten Island in 1940. [43] The bank then rejoined the New York Clearing House Association in 1943. [44] All 700 of Brooklyn Trust's employees went on strike in July 1947, in what news media described at the time as the first major walkout in a major American bank; [45] [46] this strike lasted for a month. [47] In July 1950, the bank was authorized to establish a personal loan department at one or more branches. [48]

Manufacturers Trust merger

The Brooklyn Trust Company continued to acquire smaller banks; by 1950, over twelve smaller institutions had been merged with Brooklyn Trust. [42] That August, The Wall Street Journal reported that Chase Bank and Manufacturers Trust were both considering acquiring Brooklyn Trust, [49] following nearly two years of rumors that Brooklyn Trust was to be merged with a larger bank. [50] Manufacturers Trust outbid Chase Bank and agreed to acquire Brooklyn Trust at the beginning of September 1950. [32] [50] The boards of directors of both banks approved the merger on September 7, 1950. [51] [52] The acquisition was the largest merger of banks in the New York City area since 1932. [53] The Wall Street Journal called the negotiations "the most intensive competitive auction in New York City banking history since the late '20s". [32]

Shareholders of both banks voted on October 11, 1950, to approve the merger, and the Brooklyn Trust Company merged into the Manufacturers Trust Company at the close of business on October 13. [54] [55] At the time of the merger, the Brooklyn Trust Company had about $226 million in deposits, [32] [53] spread across 26 branches, [32] of which 20 were in Brooklyn. [53] Following further mergers in the late 20th century, Manufacturers Trust merged into Chemical Bank, which became part of Chase Bank in 1996 and JPMorgan Chase in 2000. [42]

Headquarters building

The Brooklyn Trust Company Building is at the corner of Montague and Clinton Streets in Brooklyn Heights. The Italian Renaissance-inspired headquarters was designed by the architectural firm of York and Sawyer, and it was modeled after the Palazzo della Gran Guardia in Verona. [56] The building was built on the same site as the bank's previous headquarters. [2] The interior of the banking hall is designed with elements of Ancient Roman architecture and Italian Renaissance architecture, including Cosmati marble floors and a vaulted ceiling. [57] [58]

Marc Eidlitz & Son constructed the building in two phases: the northern section opened in September 1915, while the southern section was completed in September 1916. [24] The building's facade and the banking hall's interior were designated as New York City landmarks in 1996, [59] and the structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. [60] The various successors of the Brooklyn Trust Company owned the building until 2007, when JPMorgan Chase sold it for $9.7 million. [61] Stahl Real Estate Company converted the upper floors to residential condominiums between 2012 and 2015. [62]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manhattan Bridge</span> Bridge in New York City

The Manhattan Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the East River in New York City, connecting Lower Manhattan at Canal Street with Downtown Brooklyn at the Flatbush Avenue Extension. Designed by Leon Moisseiff and built by the Phoenix Bridge Company, the bridge has a total length of 6,855 ft (2,089 m). It is one of four toll-free vehicular bridges connecting Manhattan Island to Long Island; the nearby Brooklyn Bridge is just slightly farther west, while the Queensboro and Williamsburg bridges are to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House</span> Building in Manhattan, New York

The Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House is a government building, museum, and former custom house at 1 Bowling Green, near the southern end of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Designed by Cass Gilbert in the Beaux-Arts style, it was erected from 1902 to 1907 by the government of the United States as a headquarters for the Port of New York's duty collection operations. The building contains the George Gustav Heye Center museum, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, and the New York regional offices of the National Archives. The facade and part of the interior are New York City designated landmarks, and the building is listed on both the New York State Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) as a National Historic Landmark. It is also a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, listed on the NRHP.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">70 Pine Street</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

70 Pine Street is a 67-story, 952-foot (290 m) residential building in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Built from 1930 to 1932 by energy conglomerate Cities Service Company, the building was designed by the firm of Clinton & Russell, Holton & George in the Art Deco style. It was Lower Manhattan's tallest building and the world's third-tallest building upon its completion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">40 Wall Street</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

40 Wall Street is a 927-foot-tall (283 m) neo-Gothic skyscraper on Wall Street between Nassau and William streets in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, New York, U.S. Erected in 1929–1930 as the headquarters of the Manhattan Company, the building was designed by H. Craig Severance with Yasuo Matsui and Shreve & Lamb. The building is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); it is also a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, an NRHP district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wall Street station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)</span> New York City Subway station in Manhattan

The Wall Street station is a station on the IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, located at the intersection of Wall Street and William Street in the Financial District of Manhattan. It is served by the 2 train at all times and the 3 train at all times except late nights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower</span> Skyscraper in Brooklyn, New York

The Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, also known as One Hanson Place, is a skyscraper in the Fort Greene neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City. Located at the northeast corner of Ashland Place and Hanson Place near Downtown Brooklyn, the tower was designed by Halsey, McCormack & Helmer and constructed from 1927 to 1929 as the new headquarters for the Williamsburgh Savings Bank. At 41 stories and 512 feet (156 m) tall, the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower was the tallest building in Brooklyn until 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1 Wall Street</span> Residential skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

1 Wall Street is a mostly residential skyscraper in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City, on the eastern side of Broadway between Wall Street and Exchange Place. 1 Wall Street, designed in the Art Deco style, is 654 feet (199 m) tall and consists of two sections. The original 50-story building was designed by Ralph Thomas Walker of the firm Voorhees, Gmelin and Walker and constructed between 1929 and 1931, while a 36-story annex to the south was designed by successor firm Voorhees, Walker Smith Smith & Haines and built between 1963 and 1965.

14 Wall Street, originally the Bankers Trust Company Building, is a skyscraper at the intersection of Wall Street and Nassau Street in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City. The building is 540 feet (160 m) tall, with 32 usable floors. The original 540-foot tower is at the southeastern corner of the site, and a shorter annex wraps around the original tower.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Williamsburgh Savings Bank</span> Bank in Brooklyn, New York (1851–1986)

The Williamsburgh Savings Bank was a financial institution in Brooklyn, New York, from 1851 to 1986. The bank was incorporated in 1851 under legislation passed by the New York State Assembly. The bank continued to operate until a series of mergers brought the bank into the HSBC group late in the 20th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tudor City</span> Apartment complex in Manhattan, New York

Tudor City is an apartment complex on the East Side of Manhattan in New York City, bordering the Turtle Bay and Murray Hill neighborhoods. It lies on a low cliff east of Second Avenue, between 40th and 43rd Streets, and overlooks First Avenue to the east. Designed and developed by the Fred F. French Company, the complex is named for its Tudor Revival architecture. Construction commenced in 1926, making it one of the first residential skyscraper complexes in the world. Tudor City was also one of the first and largest examples of a planned middle-class residential community in New York City. The complex is a New York City designated landmark district and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Park Avenue Armory</span> Historic armory in Manhattan, New York

The Park Avenue Armory, also known as the 7th Regiment Armory, is a historic armory for the U.S. Army National Guard at 643 Park Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, United States. Designed in the Gothic Revival style by Charles Clinton for the 7th New York Militia Regiment, the Park Avenue Armory was completed in 1880, with two expansions in the early 20th century. The building and its interior are New York City designated landmarks, and the structure was made a National Historic Landmark in 1986. Since 2006, it has been the home of the Park Avenue Armory Conservancy, which leased the building for 99 years from the New York state government. The 53rd Digital Liaison Detachment of the New York Army National Guard, the Veterans of the 7th Regiment, the Knickerbocker Greys cadet corps, and the Lenox Hill Neighborhood House also occupy parts of the armory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">69th Regiment Armory</span> United States historic place

The 69th Regiment Armory is a historic armory for the U.S. Army National Guard at 68 Lexington Avenue, between East 25th and 26th Streets, in the Rose Hill neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, United States. Completed in 1906, the armory was designed by the firm of Hunt & Hunt in the Beaux-Arts style. The building is a New York City designated landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a National Historic Landmark.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">330 West 42nd Street</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

330 West 42nd Street, also known as the McGraw-Hill Building and formerly the GHI Building, is a skyscraper in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Designed by Raymond Hood and J. André Fouilhoux in a mixture of the International Style, Art Deco, and Art Moderne styles, the building was constructed from 1930 to 1931 and originally served as the headquarters of The McGraw-Hill Companies. The 485-foot-tall (148 m) building contains 33 stories.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Film Center Building</span> Office building in Manhattan, New York

The Film Center Building, also known as 630 Ninth Avenue, is a 13-story office building on the east side of Ninth Avenue between 44th and 45th Streets in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Built in 1928–1929, the structure has historically catered to businesses involved in film, theater, television and music and audio production. The building was designed in the Art Deco style, with Ely Jacques Kahn as the architect of record. The lobby's interior is a New York City landmark, and the building is on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York Savings Bank Building</span> Historic commercial building in Manhattan, New York

The New York Savings Bank Building is a former bank building in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Constructed for the defunct New York Savings Bank from 1896 to 1898, it occupies an L-shaped site on 81 Eighth Avenue, at the northwestern corner with 14th Street. The New York Savings Bank Building was designed by Robert Henderson Robertson, with later additions by George H. Provot and Halsey, McCormack & Helmer. The building's facade and interior are New York City designated landmarks, and the building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Consolidated Edison Building</span> Office skyscraper in Manhattan, New York

The Consolidated Edison Building is a neoclassical skyscraper in the Gramercy neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, United States. The 26-story building was designed by the architectural firms of Warren and Wetmore and Henry Janeway Hardenbergh. The building takes up the western two-thirds of the block bounded by 14th Street to the south, Irving Place to the west, 15th Street to the north, and Third Avenue to the east. It serves as the headquarters of energy company Consolidated Edison, also known as Con Ed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manufacturers Trust Company Building</span> Commercial building in Manhattan, New York

The Manufacturers Trust Company Building, also known as 510 Fifth Avenue, is a commercial building at the southwest corner of West 43rd Street and Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Opened in 1954, it is the first bank building in the United States to be built in the International Style. Charles Evans Hughes III and Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) designed the building, along with Roy O. Allen and project manager Patricia W. Swan. The interior was designed by Eleanor H. Le Maire, while Harry Bertoia was hired as an artist for some of the building's artwork. 510 Fifth Avenue was built as a bank for the Manufacturers Trust Company, whose president Horace C. Flanigan wanted the design to be inviting to customers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York County National Bank Building</span> Building

The New York County National Bank Building at 77–79 Eighth Avenue at West 14th Street in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City – also known as the Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company Building – was built in 1906–07 and was designed by De Lemos & Cordes and Rudolphe L. Daus in the Neoclassical style. A seven-story addition to the south of the building at 75 Eighth Avenue was constructed in 1926. Renovations and a further addition in 1999 were by Lee Harris of the Hudson River Studios and John Reimnitz and mimic the original architecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brooklyn Trust Company Building</span> Mixed-use building in Brooklyn, New York

The Brooklyn Trust Company Building is a bank and residential building at 177 Montague Street in the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City, New York, United States. Constructed for the Brooklyn Trust Company from 1913 to 1916, it occupies a site between Montague Street to the south, Clinton Street to the west, and Pierrepont Street to the north. The Brooklyn Trust Company Building was designed by York and Sawyer in the Renaissance Revival style and is patterned after the Palazzo della Gran Guardia in the Italian city of Verona. The building's facade and interior are New York City designated landmarks, and the building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">56 Beaver Street</span> Building in Manhattan, New York

56 Beaver Street is a structure in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City, United States. Designed by James Brown Lord, the building was completed in 1891 as a location of the Delmonico's restaurant chain. The current building, commissioned by Delmonico's chief executive Charles Crist Delmonico, replaced Delmonico's first building on the site, which had been built in 1837. The building is a New York City designated landmark and a contributing property to the Wall Street Historic District, a National Register of Historic Places district.

References

  1. Paine, W.S. (1894). The Laws of the State of New York, Relating to Banks, Banking and Trust Companies, Loan, Mortgage and Safe Deposit Corporations, Together with the Acts Affecting Monied Corporations Generally, Including the Statutory Construction Law, the General Corporation Law, and the Stock Corporation Law, Also the National Bank Act and Cognate United States Statutes, with Annotations. Making of modern law. L. K. Strouse. p. 502.
  2. 1 2 Summary Of Statement January 1st 1907 To The State Banking Department Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , New-York Daily Tribune , January 1, 1907, accessed June 26, 2011
  3. Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 2.
  4. "Rambles about historic Brooklyn; a collection of the facts, legends, traditions and reminiscences that time has gathered about the historic homesteads and landmarks of Brooklyn; illustrated by reproductions of rare prints and old photographs". Brooklyn Trust Company. 1916. p. V. Retrieved May 24, 2023 via Internet Archive.
  5. 1 2 National Park Service 2009 , p. 10.
  6. Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 7.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 2; National Park Service 2009 , p. 10.
  8. Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 2; National Park Service 2009 , p. 11.
  9. "The Defalcation" Archived November 11, 2012, at the Wayback Machine , The New York Times , July 22, 1873, accessed June 26, 2011
  10. 1 2 "Brooklyn Trust Company; Defalcation of its late President Ethelbert S. Mills". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 19, 1873. p. 4. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  11. "Meeting Of The Stockholders — The Institution To Resume Business" Archived November 11, 2012, at the Wayback Machine , The New York Times, August 6, 1873, accessed June 26, 2011
  12. "Death in the Surf.; a Prominent Brooklynite Drowned at Coney Island the Body Found". The New York Times. July 16, 1873. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  13. "Death of Ripley Ropes". Brooklyn Times Union. May 19, 1890. p. 1. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  14. "Farewell Card from General Christensen". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. April 29, 1900. p. 44. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  15. "Theodore F. Miller Dies; Head of Brooklyn Trust Company Suffered Nervous Breakdown". The New York Times. May 20, 1913. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  16. "Transaction in Leases in Bedford Section". The Standard Union. February 26, 1903. p. 2. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  17. "Brooklyn Trust Company". Brooklyn Times Union. March 10, 1903. p. 3. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  18. "Brooklyn Trust Company". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. January 16, 1907. p. 17. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  19. "Local Stocks and Bonds". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 19, 1907. p. 43. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  20. "Miller to Remain in the Presidency". The Standard Union. December 31, 1912. p. 2. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  21. "$30,000,000 Merger of Trust Companies; Brooklyn Trust Co. Quietly Takes Over the Long Island Loan and Trust Co". The New York Times. December 31, 1912. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  22. "To Consolidate Offices". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 3, 1913. p. 16. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  23. "Mr. Maynard Congratulated". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. June 12, 1913. p. 18. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  24. 1 2 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , pp. 2–3; National Park Service 2009 , p. 11.
  25. 1 2 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 6; National Park Service 2009 , pp. 10–11.
  26. 1 2 "Brooklyn Trust Co. Picks G. V. McLaughlin as Head, E. P. Maynard Retiring". The Standard Union. October 11, 1927. pp. 1, 2 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  27. "Two Banks Leave N.Y. Clearing House; Peoples and Brooklyn Trust Companies Withdraw From Association After 14 Years". The New York Times. June 28, 1922. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  28. Trust Companies. Trust Companies Pub. Association. 1926. p. 855.
  29. Landmarks Preservation Commission 1996 , p. 6.
  30. 1 2 "Los Angeles/Brooklyn Dodgers team ownership history – Society for American Baseball Research". Society for American Baseball Research. January 14, 2017. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  31. Schiavone, M. (2018). The Dodgers: 60 Years in Los Angeles. Sports Publishing. pp. 14–17. ISBN   978-1-68358-194-9.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 "Manufacturers Trust Purchases Brooklyn Trust: Outbids Chase". The Wall Street Journal. September 1, 1950. p. 5. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   131903186.
  33. "Brooklyn Trust Co. To Absorb a Bank; Coney Island Institution to Be Transferred by National American Company". The New York Times. December 21, 1927. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  34. "Brooklyn Trust Buys Bank of Coney Island: National American Company Disposes of Its Third Banking Institution". New York Herald Tribune. December 21, 1927. p. 33. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1132270766.
  35. "Brooklyn Trust Co. Buys; Bank to Build for New Branch in Park Slope Section. Brooklyn Block Changing. Brooklyn Apartments Leased. Dinner in Bronx for Emil Leitner Staten Island Parcel Sold". The New York Times. November 20, 1928. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 25, 2023.
  36. 1 2 "Brooklyn Trust, Mechanics Bank Merger Ratified". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. January 5, 1929. pp. 1, 2 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  37. "Brooklyn Merger Approved; Boards of Brooklyn Trust and Mechanics Bank Adopt Plan". The New York Times. January 5, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  38. "Merger is Approved for Brooklyn Banks; Stockholders of Brooklyn Trust and Mechanics Ratify Plan of the Directors". The New York Times. January 26, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  39. "Two Safe Deposit Companies In Brooklyn Plan to Merge". The New York Times. April 11, 1931. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 24, 2023.
  40. "Brooklyn Trust Co. Ready for Merger; Arranges to Take Over State Bank of Richmond and Guardian National". The New York Times. December 15, 1929. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  41. "Brooklyn Trust to Absorb 2 Banks: Directors Approve Plan to Take Over Guardian National and State Bank of Richmond". The Wall Street Journal. December 16, 1929. p. 9. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   130769463.
  42. 1 2 3 National Park Service 2009 , p. 11.
  43. "Brooklyn Trust Co. Sells Its Port Richmond Office". New York Herald Tribune. December 23, 1940. p. 28. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1335109624.
  44. "Membership Rise in Clearing House; Brooklyn Trust Rejoins It After Lapse of 21 Years -Third Increase in Year". The New York Times. December 14, 1943. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  45. "700 on Strike at Brooklyn Trust In First Walkout at a Major Bank; Employes Strike at Brooklyn Trust". The New York Times. July 17, 1947. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  46. "Strike Is Called At the Brooklyn Trust Company: Union to Picket Bank and All Branches, Wants Pay Rises and Reinstatements". New York Herald Tribune. July 17, 1947. p. 3. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1323855644.
  47. "Bank Union Votes Ending of Strike; Employes to Return Tomorrow to Brooklyn Trust Co. -- All Demands Dropped". The New York Times. August 17, 1947. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  48. "Manhattan Savings Bank Seeks to Relocate Branch". New York Herald Tribune. July 23, 1950. p. B9. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1335460701.
  49. "Chase, Manufacturers Reported in Contest to Buy Brooklyn Trust: Officials of the Three Banks Won't Deny Rumors But Won't Talk Either". The Wall Street Journal. August 23, 1950. p. 7. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   131802132.
  50. 1 2 "Trust Companies Agree on Merger; Brooklyn and Manufacturers' Boards to Vote on Biggest Bank Deal Since War". The New York Times. September 1, 1950. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  51. "Shareholders in Brooklyn Trust To Get Stock and Cash in Merger". The New York Times. September 7, 1950. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  52. "Manufacturers Trust, Brooklyn Trust Boards Approve Merger Terms: Manufacturers Holders to Get Stock Dividend Before Payment To Brooklyn Holders". The Wall Street Journal. September 7, 1950. p. 3. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   131843050.
  53. 1 2 3 "Merger of Borough's Two Oldest, Largest Banks Awes Brooklynites". New York Amsterdam News. September 9, 1950. p. B1_9. ProQuest   225849182.
  54. "Manufacturers and Brooklyn Trust Holders Vote Merger". The Wall Street Journal. October 12, 1950. p. 6. ISSN   0099-9660. ProQuest   131826365.
  55. "Heavy Holder Vote Approves 2-Bank Merger: Manufacturers Trust and Brooklyn Trust United". New York Herald Tribune. October 12, 1950. p. 32. ISSN   1941-0646. ProQuest   1327420595.
  56. "Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS)". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Archived from the original (Searchable database) on April 4, 2019. Retrieved March 1, 2016.Note: This includes Nathan Riddle; Jennifer Morris & Amy Crader (April 2009). "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Brooklyn Trust Company Building" (PDF). Retrieved March 1, 2016. and Accompanying 25 photographs Archived April 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  57. Postal, Matthew A.; Dolkart, Andrew (2008). Guide to New York City Landmarks. Wiley. p. 237. ISBN   978-0-470-28963-1.
  58. National Park Service 2009 , pp. 5–6.
  59. Diamonstein-Spielvogel, Barbaralee (2011). The Landmarks of New York (5th ed.). Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 524. ISBN   978-1-4384-3769-9.
  60. "National Register of Historic Places". Weekly List Of Actions Taken On Properties: 8/17/09 Through 8/21/09. National Park Service. August 28, 2009.
  61. Big Bank on Montague Street Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , brownstoner.com, accessed June 27, 2011
  62. Kaysen, Ronda (February 6, 2015). "'Palazzo' Living in Brooklyn". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved May 22, 2023.

Sources