Calyptrochilum

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Calyptrochilum
Calyptrochilum christyanum.jpg
Calyptrochilum christyanum
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Angraecinae
Genus: Calyptrochilum
Kraenzl.
Type species
Calyptrochilum emarginatum
(Afzel. ex Sw.) Schltr.
Synonyms [1]
  • OssiculumP.J.Cribb & Laan

Calyptrochilum is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family Orchidaceae [2] native to tropical Africa, with one species extending into Brazil. [3]

Contents

Three species are recognized as of 2020: [3]

Taxonomy and naming

Calyptrochilum aurantiacum, a critically endangered species. Ossiculum aurantiacum P.J.Cribb & Laan.jpg
Calyptrochilum aurantiacum, a critically endangered species.

Calyptrochilum historically contained two species, C. christyanum and C. emarginatum. In 2018, the monotypic genus Ossiculum was moved into Calyptrochilum. The sole Ossiculum species was Ossiculum aurantiacum; it is endemic to Cameroon and is classified as Critically Endangered due to habitat loss. [4]

The original describers of Ossiculum, P.J.Cribb & Laan, noted that the genus closely resembled Calyptrochilum in terms of floral morphology. In 1986, Gasson and Cribb (1986) found the leaf structure of Ossiculum and Calyptrochilum to possess shared characteristics that did not belong to other genera in the Angraecinae. These findings were confirmed in 2006 by Carlsward et al., but O. aurantiacum remained separate from Calyptrochilum because of several of its own distinctive features, among them its bright golden flowers. Finally, in 2018, Stévart, M.Simo & Droissart combined the previous morphological and cytological data with genomic information, cementing the position of the former monotypic genus within Calyptrochilum. [5]

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  1. Platylepis bigibbosaH.Perrier - Madagascar
  2. Platylepis bombusJ.J.Sm. - Seram
  3. Platylepis commelynae(Lindl.) Rchb.f. - Society Islands
  4. Platylepis constricta(J.J.Sm.) J.J.Sm. - New Guinea
  5. Platylepis densifloraRolfe - Réunion
  6. Platylepis geluana(Schltr.) Schuit. & de Vogel - New Guinea
  7. Platylepis glandulosa(Lindl.) Rchb.f. - widespread across tropical and southern Africa
  8. Platylepis grandiflora(Schltr.) Ormerod - New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Futuna
  9. Platylepis heteromorphaRchb.f. - Samoa
  10. Platylepis intricataSchuit. & de Vogel - Papua New Guinea
  11. Platylepis lamellataSchltr. - New Guinea
  12. Platylepis margaritiferaSchltr. - Madagascar
  13. Platylepis occulta(Thouars) Rchb.f. - Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius, Seychelles
  14. Platylepis polyadeniaRchb.f. - Madagascar, Comoros
  15. Platylepis rufa(Frapp.) Schltr. - Réunion
  16. Platylepis tidorensisJ.J.Sm. - Maluku
  17. Platylepis viscosa(Rchb.f.) Schltr. - Réunion
  18. Platylepis xerosteleOrmerod - Cameroon
  19. Platylepis zeuxinoidesSchltr. - New Guinea

References

  1. ↑ "Calyptrochilum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. ↑ Kraenzlin, Friedrich (Fritz) Wilhelm Ludwig. 1895. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 22: 30
  3. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  4. ↑ Pollard, B.J. & Darbyshire, I. 2004. Ossiculum aurantiacum. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 23 August 2007.
  5. ↑ Simo-Droissart, Murielle & Stévart, Tariq. "New taxonomic and conservation status of Ossiculum (Vandeae, Orchidaceae), a highly threatened and narrow-endemic angraecoid orchid from Central Africa." PhytoKeys 98: 89 (2018).

Sources


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