Captain Edward Compton House

Last updated March 18, 2019

The Captain Edward Compton House is a 2-story, brick-and-frame, High Victorian styled Italianate house. Its format is a side hall plan with a simple hipped roof and two porch entries: a full-width front, east-facing porch and a small north-facing side porch.

Victorian architecture is a series of architectural revival styles in the mid-to-late 19th century. Victorian refers to the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901), called the Victorian era, during which period the styles known as Victorian were used in construction. However, many elements of what is typically termed "Victorian" architecture did not become popular until later in Victoria's reign. The styles often included interpretations and eclectic revivals of historic styles. The name represents the British and French custom of naming architectural styles for a reigning monarch. Within this naming and classification scheme, it followed Georgian architecture and later Regency architecture, and was succeeded by Edwardian architecture.

Architectural details

The walls are finished with South Jersey white cedar shakes. The main building’s roof is composed of rolled asphalt. The roofs of glazed porch and front, east-facing porch are finished with asphalt shingles. The side, north-facing porch is finished with an aluminum standing-seam roof. Wide overhanging cornices of the porches are supported by decorative brackets, while the wide cornice trim of the main building’s roof does not possess bracketing. Four ionic, eight-sided columns support the full, east-facing porch and two ionic, eight-sided columns support the side, north-facing porch. The interior of the house reflects a side-hall plan with original oak floors and plaster ceiling moldings in the southeast entry room and the northeast fancy parlor.

The south side of the property contains the foundational remains of the house’s original cookhouse. A reconstructed cookhouse, echoing the house in materials, is set behind the house on the west lawn. The house is made accessible from Front Street by a gravel driveway leading to the side, north porch. The property has experienced significant restoration but still has some original historic fabric.

Cookhouse is a small village located in Eastern Cape province, South Africa, some 170 kilometres (110 mi) north of Port Elizabeth and 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of Somerset East, on the west bank of the Great Fish River.

History

The site of the current house was originally purchased by Edward Compton from his father, Samuel Compton, and mother, Sophia, in 1862 and described in the deed as “a certain lot of land situate in the village of Mauricetown.”^[1] The Compton family densely populated Mauricetown and owned many parcels of land throughout, including the original plots of many other houses such as aptly named James Compton House and David Compton House further north on Front Street.

The David Compton House is privately owned historic home located in the small, unincorporated village of Mauricetown, New Jersey, located in Commercial Township, Cumberland County. The dwelling is composed of at least five distinct sections. It was built in 1816, originally as a 3-bay Federal style structure with a stylish entryway, including a decorative fanlight and sidelights, fluted moldings, and an 8-panel door. Probably during the 1830s, the house was enlarged to its present 5-bay façade with a Greek Revival porch spanning the center three bays. A large rear wing includes at least 3 distinct additions, including a room with exposed, beaded overhead joists, a rear ell kitchen addition with a winder staircase to the upstairs chambers, and flanking the main ells, a long shed addition that was reportedly a Victorian era porch before it was finished into interior living space.

The Edward Compton House was built in 1864 by local Mauricetown carpenters, Griffith Pichard and Samuel Cobb. The house’s 1864 construction date is determined due to a couple of sources including a Civil War letter written on December 15, 1863 by William T. Cobb, son of Samuel Cobb, the co-builder of the Captain Edward Compton house.^[2] The Historical Society also possesses a piece of an original column from the front façade of the house which contains a unique and awe-inspiring message from Samuel Cobb and further confirms the 1864 construction date. Front Street also bears the Edward Compton House’s twin, the Captain Isaac Peterson House. Built around the same year as Edward’s house on land originally owned by the Compton family, the house bears a striking resemblance to the Captain Edward Compton House in terms of much of the interior layout of the house, porches, and decorative elements.

American Civil War Civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865

The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history. Primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people, war broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina shortly after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaimed support for the Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States in the South, who advocated for states' rights to uphold slavery.

The Captain Isaac Peterson House is an Italianate dwelling located in Mauricetown, Cumberland County, New Jersey, constructed around 1865 for a local sea captain and his family. It remains a private residence and is not open to the public.

The dwelling is an Italianate structure, featuring extensive gingerbread brackets around the cornices of porches and the roofs, multiple eight sided ionic columns, and original iron fencing in the front lawn. The southern enclosed porch once led directly to cookhouse. Parts of the original cookhouse foundation remain, though the Historical Society has created a replica of the house in the back lawn between the Captain Edward Compton House and the Hoy House. In a photograph dated circa late 1800s, the house also has a large parapet on the Italianate roof. The house also possessed a cupola, another striking feature that other Italianate houses such as the Captain Isaac Peterson House and James Compton House possessed.

The Captain Edward Compton House remains in the family despite Edward’s passing in 1870 from consumption.^[3] Deeded in 1868, two years before Edward’s death, the house belonged to Elizabeth Compton, Emma’s mother, until 1887 (Elizabeth’s death occurring in 1884). The house then passes through a series of hands, including a lot of $1 stack transactions between family members. In an interview with a resident of Mauricetown, the resident recalled the house having been divided into two apartments during 1954 to 1964. The house also experienced harrowing conditions prior to the purchase of the building by the Mauricetown Historical Society. An almost complete restoration of the house took place after the purchase of the property in 1984. Much of the outer siding and decorative elements were eaten or rotted away, the interior was paneled and ridden with debris, and the plumbing and crawl space suffered from severe sewage issues. The restoration has spanned 25 years and continues today with improvements and detailing such as the replacement and addition of gingerbread brackets around the cornices of the porches and roofs.

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References

↑ Deed of Sale from Samuel Compton and wife to Edward Compton, 1 November 1862 (filed 26 March 1863), Cumberland County, New Jersey, Deed Book CB, page 288. County Clerk’s Office, Bridgeton, New Jersey.
↑ Ludwick, Michael P. "Your Most Obedient Son": The Civil War Letters of William Tell Cobb. N.p.: College of William & Mary, 1995. Pg 128.
↑ National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington, D.C.; Non-population Census Schedules for New Jersey, 1850-1880: Mortality (M1810); Archive Collection: M1810; Archive Roll Number: 1; Census Year: 1870; Census Location: Downe, Cumberland, New Jersey; Page: 74; Line: 1.

External links

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Coordinates: 39°17′03″N74°59′37″W / 39.28403°N 74.99373°W / 39.28403; -74.99373

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[1] Deed of Sale from Samuel Compton and wife to Edward Compton, 1 November 1862 (filed 26 March 1863), Cumberland County, New Jersey, Deed Book CB, page 288. County Clerk’s Office, Bridgeton, New Jersey.

[2] Ludwick, Michael P. "Your Most Obedient Son": The Civil War Letters of William Tell Cobb. N.p.: College of William & Mary, 1995. Pg 128.

[3] National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington, D.C.; Non-population Census Schedules for New Jersey, 1850-1880: Mortality (M1810); Archive Collection: M1810; Archive Roll Number: 1; Census Year: 1870; Census Location: Downe, Cumberland, New Jersey; Page: 74; Line: 1.