Cavolinia tridentata

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Cavolinia tridentata
Cavolinia tridentata.jpg
Cavolinia tridentata
Cavolinia tridentata australis.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Pteropoda
Family: Cavoliniidae
Genus: Cavolinia
Species:
C. tridentata
Binomial name
Cavolinia tridentata
(Forskål, 1775) [1]
Synonyms
  • Anomia tridentataForskål, 1775 (basionym)
  • Cavolinia natansAbildgaard, 1791
  • Cleodora trifilisTroschel, 1854

Cavolinia tridentata is a species of sea butterflies, floating and swimming sea snails or sea slugs, pelagic marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cavoliniidae. [2] It is a common species and is wide spread, being found in European waters, the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Indian Ocean and in the Pacific Ocean. It lives in the photic zone of the ocean between 0 to 30m in depth.

Contents

Taxonomy

Cavolinia tridentata (Forskål, 1775) was originally described as Anomia tridentata by the Finnish Peter Forsskål in 1775, based on specimens he collected in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the Danish Arabia Expedition. [3] In 1791, Danish scientist Peter Christian Abildgaard described the genus Cavolina Abildgaard and included Anomia tridentata in it (as Cavolina natans Abildgaard). [4] A number of other synonyms in the genera Cavolinia, Cleodora and Hyalaea, as well as several forms of this species, have been described. [5] [6]

Description

The maximum recorded shell length is 20 mm. [7]

This species has a large, spherical and brownish shell that is up to 14 mm high, with short lateral spines that are curved downward, a well-separated dorsal apertural lip, and a partially swollen ventral shell. Near the curved apertural margin there are clear transverse striae. The protoconch on the apical spine is straight and pointed. [6]

Distribution

This marine species is common, with a wide distribution from 43°N (or even ~50°N, and occasionally as far north as 67°N) [6] to 46°S, and from 97°W to 0°W, from Newfoundland to the Gulf of Mexico. [5] [6] This distribution includes European waters, the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlantic Ocean (Azores, Cape Verde), the Northwest Atlantic (Gulf of Maine), Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Lesser Antilles, Indian Ocean (Mascarene Basin), the Indo-Pacific and off New Zealand

Habitat

Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskal, 1775), museum specimens Naturalis Biodiversity Center - ZMA.MOLL.369581 - Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskal, 1775) - Cavoliniidae - Mollusc shell.jpeg
Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskål, 1775), museum specimens

The species is epipelagic, living in the uppermost layer of ocean between 0-30 m. [5] Its minimum recorded depth is 0 m and its maximum recorded depth is 4791 m. [7]

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References

  1. Niebuhr C. (ed.) (1775). Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium quae in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskål, prof. Haun., post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr Hauniae [Copengagen], Möller, 1-164, 1 map.
  2. Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 6 January 2019.
  3. Forsskål, Peter; Niebuhr, Carsten; Haas, Jonas. Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium. Hauniae: Ex officina Mölleri, aulae typographi.
  4. Abildgaard, Peter Christian (1 January 1791). "Nyere Efterretning om det Skaldyr fra Middelhavet, som Forskål har beskrevet under Navn af Anomia tridentata". Skrifter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet (in Danish). 1 (2): 171–175.
  5. 1 2 3 "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskål, 1775)". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 JANSSEN, ARIE W.; BUSH, STEPHANIE L.; BEDNARŠEK, NINA (28 February 2019). "The shelled pteropods of the northeast Pacific Ocean (Mollusca: Heterobranchia, Pteropoda)". Zoosymposia. 13 (1): 305–346. doi:10.11646/ZOOSYMPOSIA.13.1.22.
  7. 1 2 Welch, John J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and deep-sea gastropods: re-examining the evidence". PLoS ONE. 5 (1): e8776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008776 . PMID   20098740.

Further reading

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