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The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) are the military forces of the Philippines. It consists of three main service branches;the Army,the Air Force,and the Navy. The President of the Philippines is the Commander-in-Chief of the AFP and forms military policy with the Department of National Defense,an executive department acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out,while the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines serves as the overall commander and the highest-ranking officer in the AFP.
The Moro Islamic Liberation Front is a group based in Mindanao seeking an autonomous region of the Moro people from the central government. The group has a presence in the Bangsamoro region of Mindanao,the Sulu Archipelago,Palawan,Basilan,and other neighbouring islands. The armed wing of the group was the Bangsamoro Islamic Armed Forces (BIAF),although the name of its parent organization,the MILF,was often used to refer to the BIAF. In July,2018,the Philippine government passed the Bangsamoro Organic Law,giving more autonomy to Muslims. In return,MILF announced that it would disarm its 30,000 fighters.
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo,often referred to by her initials PGMA and GMA,is a Filipino academic and politician who previously served as the 14th president of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010. She is currently serving in the congress as a Deputy Speaker since 2022. She is the longest serving president of the Philippines since Ferdinand Marcos. Before her accession to the presidency,she served as the 10th vice president of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 under President Joseph Estrada,making her the country's first female vice president,despite having run on an opposing ticket. She was also a senator from 1992 to 1998. After her presidency,she was elected as the representative of Pampanga's 2nd district in 2010 and later became the speaker of the House of Representatives from 2018 until her retirement in 2019. She later came out of retirement to be elected as representative of the same district in 2022. She is one of the only 2 Filipinos to hold at least three of the four highest offices in the country:vice president,president,and house speaker,alongside former President Sergio Osmeña.
The president of the Philippines is the head of state,head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of the Philippine government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
The director of national intelligence (DNI) is a senior,cabinet-level United States government official,required by the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 to serve as executive head of the United States Intelligence Community (IC) and to direct and oversee the National Intelligence Program (NIP). All IC agencies report directly to the DNI. The DNI also serves,upon invitation,as an advisor to the president of the United States,the National Security Council and the Homeland Security Council on all intelligence matters. The DNI,supported by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI),produces the President's Daily Brief (PDB),a top-secret document including intelligence from all IC agencies,handed each morning to the president of the United States.
The Inter-Services Intelligence is the largest and best-known component of the Pakistani intelligence community. It is responsible for gathering,processing,and analyzing any information from around the world that is deemed relevant to Pakistan's national security. The ISI reports to its director-general and is primarily focused on providing intelligence to the Pakistani government.
The National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) is the primary intelligence gathering and analysis arm of the Government of the Philippines in charge of carrying out overt,covert,and clandestine intelligence activities. The NICA directs,coordinates,and integrates all intelligence activities,both foreign and domestic,concerning national security,serving as the leading intelligence collector of the national government,focusing on the country's strategic intelligence requirements. It is mandated to prepare intelligence estimate on local and foreign situation for the formulation of national security policies by the President and the National Security Council. Additionally,the NICA also serves as the focal point for the government's counterintelligence activities and operation;acts as Secretariat to the Anti-Terrorism Council;and serves as head of the National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict's Situation Awareness and Knowledge Management Cluster.
Michael Vincent Hayden is a retired United States Air Force four-star general and former Director of the National Security Agency,Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence,and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Hayden currently co-chairs the Bipartisan Policy Center's Electric Grid Cyber Security Initiative. In 2017,Hayden became a national security analyst for CNN.
This article covers the history of the current Philippine republican state following the 1986 People Power Revolution,known as the Fifth Philippine Republic.
On July 23,2003,a failed coup d'etat,now known as the Oakwood mutiny,was staged by a group of about 300 armed defectors from the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and the Philippine National Police (PNP) led by Army Capt. Gerardo Gambala and Navy 2nd Lt. Antonio Trillanes IV against the Arroyo administration. The group forcibly seized and occupied Oakwood Premier in Glorietta,Makati for almost 20 hours. They demanded the resignation of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo,Defense Secretary Angelo Reyes,PNP Director General Hermogenes Ebdane,and AFP Chief of Intelligence Service Victor Corpus. They also aired their grievances against the military establishment and anomalies on the AFP. The coup was covered heavily by the local press,who dubbed the group as "Magdalo" in reference to their insignia,which alludes to the Magdalo faction during the Philippine Revolution,despite the group officially calling themselves "Bagong Katipuneros". The mutiny ended after the government successfully negotiated with the group. Several prominent participants of the coup,including Trillanes and Gambala,were later charged.
The 14th Congress of the Philippines,composed of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives,met from July 23,2007,until June 9,2010,during the last three years of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's presidency. The convening of the 14th Congress followed the 2007 general elections,which replaced half of the Senate membership and the entire membership of the House of Representatives. It celebrated the centennial year of the Philippine legislature.
Angelo Tomas Reyes also known as General Reyes,was a Filipino retired general and politician who served as the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Chief of Staff from 2000 to 2001 under President Joseph Estrada. At the height of the 2001 EDSA Revolution,Reyes withdrew his support for Estrada,which led to the installation of Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as president,under whom he then served as Cabinet Secretary until 2010. He also served under Arroyo as Secretary of the Departments of the Interior and Local Government,Environment and Natural Resources,Energy,and National Defense.
Eduardo R. Ermita is a former Executive Secretary of the Philippines and former spokesperson for President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. Ermita took his Defense Resource Management Course at the Naval Postgraduate School,Monterey,California,United States,from 1978 to 1979;Command and General Staff Course,Fort Bonifacio in 1974;Unit Psychological Officers Course,Kennedy Center,Fort Bragg,North Carolina,United States,from 1970 to 1971;Special Forces Course,Fort Magsaysay from 1962 to 1963;Counterintelligence Course,Special Intelligence School,Fort Bonifacio in 1962;Airborne School,Fort Benning,Georgia,U.S.A. in 1961;and Ranger School,Fort Benning,Georgia from 1960 to 1961.
Hermogenes Cendaña Esperon Jr. is a retired Philippine Army general who served as the National Security Adviser in the Cabinet of President Rodrigo Duterte from 2016 to 2022. He was the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from 2006 to 2008 and Commanding General of the Philippine Army from 2005 to 2006 under President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. After his retirement from the military,he served in Arroyo's administration as the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process and later as the head of the Presidential Management Staff.
Cardozo Manalo Luna is a retired three-star general and the 35th Vice Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. Cardozo Luna also served as the commander of two unified commands,Eastern Mindanao Command and Central Command. He served as the Philippine Ambassador to The Hague,Netherlands from 2009 until 2010 He is the current Undersecretary of Department of National Defense.
Pedro R. Cabuay Jr. is a Filipino lawyer and retired military personnel who served as Director General of the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency under the administration of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo from October 2008 to 2010. He retired as Lieutenant General in the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 2006 after serving as Commander,AFP Southern Luzon Command. He also served as Chief of the Intelligence Service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP).
Lakas–Christian Muslim Democrats,abbreviated as Lakas–CMD and also known simply as Lakas,is a political party in the Philippines. Lakas–CMD is considered to sit on the centre-right of the political spectrum,and is influenced by Christian democracy and Islamic democracy. Since the 2022 elections,Lakas–CMD is currently the biggest party in the House of Representatives,with the party's president,Martin Romualdez,serving as Speaker of the House. Vice President Sara Duterte is the party's chairperson,and the party is a dominant member of the UniTeam Alliance led by President Bongbong Marcos.
The presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo,also known as the Arroyo administration,spanned nine years from January 20,2001,to June 30,2010. She served the remainder of her predecessor Joseph Estrada's term after he was deposed,and she was elected to a full second term in 2004 which ended in 2010. Arroyo is the daughter of 9th president Diosdado Macapagal.
The Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (CSAFP) is the highest-ranking military officer and the head of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP),including all service branches under its command. The position is usually held by a four-star rank of General or Admiral. Its direct equivalent in the US Armed Forces is the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Unlike its US counterpart,which is merely supervisory,the Chief of Staff has complete operational control and is responsible for the overall operations of the AFP.
The following is a timeline of the Hello Garci scandal.
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