Chanequa Walker-Barnes

Last updated

Chanequa Walker-Barnes is an American theologian and psychologist. Her research as a clinical psychologist has focused on African American health disparities, and as a womanist theologian she has written about the myth of the "StrongBlackWoman" and the need for the voices of women of color. She has written two books, Too Heavy a Yoke and I Bring the Voices of My People.

Contents

Early life and education

Walker-Barnes was born and raised in Atlanta. [1] She has spoken about growing up in a "racially conscious family in the Deep South". [2] Her grandfathers were sharecroppers, and her paternal grandfather and great-grandfather ran away from the White farmer who "owned" them in the early 1900s. [2] Her parents, Wali Sharif and Laquitta Walker, met when they were in one of the first groups of Black students to integrate their school in Atlanta. [2] She lived with her mother and brother in the home of Hosea Williams with his daughter, Elisabeth Omilami, her mother's best friend. [1]

Walker-Barnes has a BA in psychology from Emory University and a MS and PhD in Clinical Child and Family Psychology from the University of Miami. [3] She later earned a Masters of Divinity from Duke Divinity School, where she was mentored by Willie James Jennings. [3] [4] [5]

Career

Walker-Barnes worked as a research psychologist, focusing on ethnic minority families, African American adolescent development and health disparities. [3] After attending seminary, she focused on racial and gender justice. [3] She was ordained by an independent church fellowship. [3]

Walker-Barnes has been on the faculty at Shaw University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Florida and Duke University. [5] Until 2021, she was associate professor of Practical Theology at the McAfee School of Theology at Mercer University, [4] where she taught pastoral care and counseling. [6] In 2015, she organised the first Women of Color retreat with Christena Cleveland to support and encourage women of color of faith. [7] In 2019, she facilitated the Writing for Mystic Activists workshop for the Collegeville Institute for Ecumenical and Cultural Research. [8]

Walker-Barnes was on staff at a white-majority church, but left after the George Zimmerman verdict saying, "We were mourning. And we went to church on Sunday morning hoping we would hear a word of comfort. And many of us who went to either multi-racial or predominately white spaces found no word of comfort. We found no word at all." [9]

In 2021, Walker-Barnes was appointed to the faculty of Columbia Theological Seminary as Professor of Practical Theology and Pastoral Counseling. [5]

Walker-Barnes is on the editorial board for the Society of Pastoral Theology's Journal of Pastoral Theology and is co-chair of their Embodiment Study Group. [5] She is a member of the American Academy of Religion, the American Psychological Association and the Georgia Psychological Association. [5]

Writing

Walker-Barnes' book Too Heavy a Yoke: Black Women and the Burden of Strength talks about what she calls "Strong Black Woman Syndrome", a cultural stereotype that initially developed as a defense against negative stereotypes of African American women - "the manipulative Jezebel, the Mammy, the Sapphire" - but leads to the burdensome expectation that black women be "super capable ... take care of others ... [and] emotionally strong to the point of stoicism." [4] She calls out churches for perpetuating and spiritualizing the stereotype, which has had negative physical and mental health consequences. [4]

Her 2019 book I Bring the Voices of My People: A Womanist Vision for Racial Reconciliation points out the inadequacy of the contemporary white evangelical approach to racial reconciliation and proposes an alternative, [10] drawing on the work of womanist, feminist, and Black liberation theologians including James Cone and J. Deotis Roberts. [2]

In 2021, a prayer written by Walker-Barnes was included in Sarah Bessey's book, A Rhythm of Prayer, a collection of prayers by women writers. [11] The prayer, "Prayer of a weary Black Woman", provoked controversy. The prayer opens with, "Dear God, please help me to hate White people". [12] [13] Some called for Target to remove the book from stores, and described it as "anti-biblical". [14] Walker-Barnes received harassing emails, calls and social media posts, as did her institution. [15] Bessey defended Walker-Barnes, saying "While some may consider this to be a provocative start to a prayer, its intentional extraction from the rest of the prayer obscures its context and the biblical model it is based on ... Our sister is bringing her weariness and her anger over the real sin of racism to God." [16] [17]

Personal life

Walker-Barnes is married to Delwin Barnes, a mechanical engineer. [18] They have a son and live in Atlanta, Georgia. [4] She is a survivor of breast cancer. [19]

Selected publications

Books

Articles and chapters

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Womanism</span> Social theory

Womanism is a term originating from the work of African American author Alice Walker in her 1983 book In Search of Our Mother's Garden: Womanist Prose, denoting a movement within feminism, primarily championed by Black feminists. Walker coined the term "womanist" in the short story Coming Apart in 1979. Her initial use of the term evolved to envelop a spectrum of issues and perspectives facing black women and others.

Womanist theology is a methodological approach to theology which centers the experience and perspectives of Black women, particularly African-American women. The first generation of womanist theologians and ethicists began writing in the mid to late 1980s, and the field has since expanded significantly. The term has its roots in Alice Walker's writings on womanism. "Womanist theology" was first used in an article in 1987 by Delores S. Williams. Within Christian theological discourse, Womanist theology emerged as a corrective to early feminist theology written by white feminists that did not address the impact of race on women's lives, or take into account the realities faced by Black women within the United States. Similarly, womanist theologians highlighted the ways in which Black theology, written predominantly by male theologians, failed to consider the perspectives and insights of Black women. Scholars who espouse womanist theology are not monolithic nor do they adopt each aspect of Walker's definition. Yet, these scholars often find kinship in their anti-sexist, antiracist and anti-classist commitments to feminist and liberation theologies.

Rebecca Cox Jackson (1795–1871) was a free Black woman, best known for her religious feminism and activism and for her autobiography, Gifts of Power: The Writings of Rebecca Cox Jackson, Black Visionary, Shaker Eldress, which was published in 1981 and edited by Jean McMahon Humez. Jackson worked as a seamstress and cared for her brother's children until she had a religious awakening in 1830. She divorced her husband when he failed to teach her how to read and write, but gained literacy as one of the spiritual gifts she believed were given to her by God; these gifts also included healing people, seeing the future, having visions, hearing God's voice, and acting as a medium. After leaving her husband, she joined the Shaker movement, which shared her values of egalitarianism and celibacy. Jackson began writing her autobiography in 1830 and completed it in 1864, describing her womanist theology and feminism, visions, and other religious experiences, as well as her accounts of her experiences of sexism, racism, and discrimination. She and her protégé and lifelong companion Rebecca Perot founded a Shaker community of Black women in Philadelphia in 1859. Jackson's relationship with Perot, which lasted for 35 years until Jackson's death in 1871, has been called "perhaps the most controversial element of Jackson’s autobiography".

"Africana womanism" is a term coined in the late 1980s by Clenora Hudson-Weems, intended as an ideology applicable to all women of African descent. It is grounded in African culture and Afrocentrism and focuses on the experiences, struggles, needs, and desires of Africana women of the African diaspora. It distinguishes itself from feminism, or Alice Walker's womanism. Africana womanism pays more attention to and focuses more on the realities and the injustices in society in regard to race.

<i>In Search of Our Mothers Gardens</i>

Published in 1983, In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens: Womanist Prose is a collection composed of 36 separate pieces written by Alice Walker. The essays, articles, reviews, statements, and speeches were written between 1966 and 1982. Many are based on her understanding of "womanist" theory. Walker defines "womanist" at the beginning of the collection as "A black feminist or feminist of color. From the black folk expression of mother to female children and also a woman who loves other women, sexually and/or nonsexually. Appreciates and prefers women's culture. Committed to survival and wholeness of entire people, male and female. Womanist is to feminist as purple is to lavender."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Katie Cannon</span> American theologian (1950–2018)

Katie Geneva Cannon was an American Christian theologian and ethicist associated with womanist theology and black theology. In 1974 she became the first African-American woman ordained in the United Presbyterian Church (USA).

Prathia Laura Ann Hall Wynn was an American leader and activist in the Civil Rights Movement, a womanist theologian, and ethicist. She was the key inspiration for Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech.

Stacey M. Floyd-Thomas is an American author and educator. She is associate professor of ethics and society at Vanderbilt Divinity School and the Graduate Department of Religion at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. Floyd-Thomas is a Womanist Christian social ethicist whose research interests include Womanist thought, Black Church Studies, liberation theology and ethics, critical race theory, critical pedagogy and postcolonial studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monica Coleman</span>

Monica A. Coleman is a contemporary theologian associated with process theology and womanist theology. She is currently Professor of Africana Studies and the John and Patricia Cochran Scholar for Inclusive Excellence at the University of Delaware, as well as the Faculty Co-Director Emerita for the Center for Process Studies. Her research interests include Whiteheadian metaphysics, constructive theology, philosophical theology, metaphorical theology, black and womanist theologies, African American religions, African traditional religions, theology and sexual and domestic violence, and mental health and theology. Coleman is an ordained elder in the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacquelyn Grant</span> American theologian (born 1948)

Jacquelyn Grant is an American theologian, a Methodist minister. Alongside Katie Cannon, Delores S. Williams, and Kelly Brown Douglas, Grant is considered one of the four founders of womanist theology. Womanist theology addresses theology from the viewpoint of Black women, reflecting on both their perspectives and experience in regards to faith and moral standards. Grant is currently the Callaway Professor of Systematic Theology at the Interdenominational Theological Center in Atlanta.

Marcia Y. Riggs is an American author, the J. Erskine Love Professor of Christian Ethics, and the Director of ThM Program at Columbia Theological Seminary, a womanist theologian, and a recognized authority on the black woman’s club movement of the nineteenth century. She was one of six Luce Scholars named by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada (ATS) and The Henry Luce Foundation, Inc. as Henry Luce III Fellows in Theology for 2017-2018.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Delores S. Williams</span> American womanist theologian (1937–2022)

Delores Seneva Williams was an American Presbyterian theologian and professor notable for her formative role in the development of womanist theology and best known for her book Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk. Her writings use black women's experiences as epistemological sources, and she is known for her womanist critique of atonement theories. As opposed to feminist theology, predominantly practiced by white women, and black theology, predominantly practiced by black men, Williams argued that black women's experiences generate critical theological insights and questions.

Emilie Maureen Townes is an American Christian social ethicist and theologian. She is currently Dean and E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Professor of Womanist Ethics and Society at the Vanderbilt University Divinity School. Townes was the first African-American woman to be elected president of the American Academy of Religion in 2008 and served as president of the Society for the Study of Black Religion from 2012–2016.

Renita J. Weems is an American Protestant biblical scholar, theologian, author and ordained minister. She is the first black woman to earn a Ph.D. in Old Testament studies in the United States. She was influenced by the movement in the last half of the 20th century which argues that context matters and shapes our scholarship and understanding of truth. She is best known for her contribution to womanist theology, feminist studies in religion and black religious thought. She is recognized as one of the first scholars to bring black women's ways of reading and interpreting the Bible into mainstream academic discourse. In 1989 she received a Ph.D. in Old Testament/Hebrew Bible studies from Princeton Theological Seminary making her the first African American woman to earn a Ph.D. in the field. Her work in womanist biblical interpretation is frequently cited in feminist theology and womanist theology.

Mitzi J. Smith is an American biblical scholar who is J. Davison Philips Professor of New Testament at Columbia Theological Seminary. She is the first African-American woman to earn a PhD in New Testament from Harvard. She has written extensively in the field of womanist biblical hermeneutics, particularly on the intersection between race, gender, class, and biblical studies. She considers her work a form of social justice activism that brings attention to unequal treatment of marginalized groups.

Nyasha Junior is an American biblical scholar. Her research focuses on the connections between religion, race, and gender within the Hebrew Bible. She holds a PhD from Princeton Theological Seminary. She was associate professor at Temple University before moving to the University of Toronto in the department for the Study of Religion. She was a visiting associate professor and research associate at Harvard Divinity School for the 2020–21 academic year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilda C. Gafney</span>

Wilda C. Gafney, also known as Wil Gafney, is an American biblical scholar and Episcopal priest who is the Right Rev. Sam B. Hulsey Professor of Hebrew Bible at Brite Divinity School of Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, Texas. She is specialist in womanist biblical interpretation, and topics including gender and race.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Traci D. Blackmon</span> American minister

Traci D. Blackmon is an African American minister who serves as the Associate General Minister of Justice and Local Church Ministries for the United Church of Christ. She is the former senior pastor of Christ the King United Church of Christ, Florissant, Missouri and was the leading voice of frontline spiritual leaders influential in leading prayer vigils and engaging in peaceful protests during the unrest in Ferguson, Missouri after the murder of Michael Brown in 2014.

Sarah Styles Bessey is a Canadian Christian author and blogger. She has written four popular books and is the co-founder and cohost of the progressive Evolving Faith Conference and podcast.

Debra Mubashshir Majeed was an American religious historian, activist and womanist.

References

  1. 1 2 Walker-Barnes, Chanequa (2019). I Bring the Voices of My People: A Womanist Vision for Racial Reconciliation. Eerdmans. ISBN   9781467457392.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Walker-Barnes, Chanequa (October 8, 2019). "Five Questions with Chanequa Walker-Barnes". Eerdmans. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Bio".
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Arthur, Sarah (August 8, 2016). "For Black Women, Looking Tough Takes a Toll". Christianity Today. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Dr. Chanequa Walker-Barnes Appointed To The Faculty Of Columbia Theological Seminary". Columbia Theological Seminary. April 20, 2021. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  6. Gjelten, Tom (March 23, 2020). "'We Can't Anoint The Sick': Faith Leaders Seek New Approaches To Pastoral Care". NPR. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  7. Lee, Morgan (August 30, 2016). "Q+A with Christena Cleveland: 'I Felt for the First Time—I'm Not Alone'". Christianity Today. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  8. "Chanequa Walker-Barnes". Collegeville Institute.
  9. Neher, Jake (July 3, 2018). "Why Are People of Color Leaving White Evangelical Churches?". WDEY 101.9FM. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  10. Sharp, Isaac (October 9, 2020). "Racial justice may need to go around evangelicals since it gets stopped going through them". Baptist News Global. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  11. Mann, Rachel (March 26, 2021). "A Rhythm of Prayer: A collection of meditations for renewal, edited by Sarah Bessey". Church Times. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  12. Kishore, Divya (April 9, 2021). "Black author Chanequa Walker-Barnes's 'God, help me hate White people' prayer 'anti-biblical', says Internet". Media Entertainment Arts Worldwide. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  13. Saliong, Sarah Mae (April 14, 2021). "Amazon's Best-Selling Book In 'Christian Meditation' Teaches People To Ask God For Help In Hating White People". Christianity Daily. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  14. McFarlan Miller, Emily (April 9, 2021). "Why some Christians want Target to stop carrying a bestselling book of prayers". Religion News Service. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  15. Becker, Amy Julia (April 9, 2021). "A white woman's response to the 'Prayer of a Weary Black Woman'". Religion News Service. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  16. Fallert, Nicole (April 8, 2021). "'Help Me Hate White People': Entry in Bestselling Prayer Book Stokes Controversy". Newsweek. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  17. Showalter, Brandon (April 11, 2021). "Contributors defend devotional book asking God for help to 'hate white people'". The Christian Post. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  18. "Chanequa Walker-Barnes". Red Letter Christians. 8 March 2017.
  19. "Chanequa Walker-Barnes". Cancer Support Community.