Nanchang underway on 26 March 2021 | |
History | |
---|---|
China | |
Name | Nanchang |
Namesake |
|
Builder | Jiangnan Shipyard, Shanghai |
Laid down | December 2014 |
Launched | 28 June 2017 |
Commissioned | 12 January 2020 |
Identification | Pennant number: 101 |
Status | Active |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Type 055 destroyer |
Displacement | 12-13,000 tonnes (full load) |
Length | 180 m (590 ft 7 in) |
Beam | 20 m (65 ft 7 in) |
Draught | 6.6 m (21 ft 8 in) |
Installed power |
|
Propulsion |
|
Speed | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
Range | 5,000 nmi (9,300 km) |
Complement | 300+ |
Sensors and processing systems | |
Electronic warfare & decoys | Electronic warfare system |
Armament | |
Aircraft carried |
|
Aviation facilities |
|
Nanchang (101) is a Type 055 destroyer of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 12 January 2020.
The People's Liberation Army Navy was interested in a large destroyer from as early as the late-1960s. A development program, code-named "055", initiated in 1976 was cancelled in 1983 after encountering insurmountable technical obstacles from industrial underdevelopment; for example, the required gas turbine power plants could neither be produced domestically, nor imported at acceptable prices. [1] In April 2014, an image emerged of a full-scale mock-up of the Type 055 superstructure - with enclosed integrated mast for radar and other electronics at the Chinese naval electronic testing range in Wuhan. [2] [3]
The Type 055 is expected to undertake expeditionary missions and form the primary escort for Chinese aircraft carriers. [4] [5] The United States classifies these ships as cruisers. [6] The United States Navy defines a cruiser as a large multi-mission surface combatant with flagship capabilities; this suggests the U.S. expects the Type 055 to fulfill a similar role as the Ticonderoga-class cruiser. [4] [7]
Nanchang is the lead ship of the class and laid down in December 2014 at the Jiangnan Shipyard in Shanghai. She made her first public appearance preceding commissioning was during the PLAN's 70th anniversary parade on 23 April 2019. [8] [9] When launched, Nanchang was among the largest post-Second World War warships launched in East Asia. [10] [11] [12] She was commissioned on 12 January 2020. [13]
On 5 April 2021, Nanchang became the first destroyer of her class take part in an aircraft carrier group in which was the aircraft carrier Liaoning, Chengdu, Taiyuan, Huanggang and Hulunhu while they were spotted between Okinawa and Miyako Island. [14]
On 22 May 2022, Nanchang conducted drills in the East China Sea as a part of the Liaoning Carrier Group; and they were sighted near Miyako Island by the JMSDF. [15]
An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations. Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighters, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft. While heavier aircraft such as fixed-wing gunships and bombers have been launched from aircraft carriers, these aircraft have not landed on a carrier. By its diplomatic and tactical power, its mobility, its autonomy and the variety of its means, the aircraft carrier is often the centerpiece of modern combat fleets. Tactically or even strategically, it replaced the battleship in the role of flagship of a fleet. One of its great advantages is that, by sailing in international waters, it does not interfere with any territorial sovereignty and thus obviates the need for overflight authorizations from third-party countries, reduces the times and transit distances of aircraft and therefore significantly increases the time of availability on the combat zone.
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Since the 1970s, China's People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) has had ambitions to develop and operate aircraft carriers, and since 1985 has acquired four retired aircraft carriers for study; namely, the British-built Australian HMAS Melbourne and the ex-Soviet carriers Minsk, Kiev and Varyag. The Varyag later underwent an extensive refit to be converted into the Liaoning, China's first operational aircraft carrier, which also served as a basis for China's subsequent design iterations.
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