Christian Nicolaus von Linger

Last updated
Christian Nicholaus von Linger
ChristianNikolausvonLinger.jpg
Born(1669-04-05)5 April 1669
Berlin
Died17 April 1755(1755-04-17) (aged 86)
Berlin
Allegiance Flag of Prussia (1892-1918).svg Prussia
Service/branch Artillery
Years of service16881755
Rank General of the Artillery
Battles/wars
Awards Order of the Black Eagle
Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great

Christian Nicolaus von Linger (5 April 1669 in Berlin, died 17 April 1755) was a Prussian general. He was chief of the Prussian artillery from 1716. In his 67-year military career, he served three monarchs in six wars, and founded the Prussian artillery arm of the military. He was appointed the first General of the Artillery by King Frederick II in 1744.

Contents

Family

Christian Nicolaus von Linger was the son of Solomon Linger, a Brandenburg master armourer, who died in 1683, and his wife Marie, (née Wiese). He was born on 5 April 1669 in Berlin and died on 17 April 1755, also in Berlin. [1]

Military service

In 1688, as a 19-year-old, he entered the Prussian Artillery as a Bombardier. During the campaign against France 16891697, he served in the sieges at Bonn and Namur, and was promoted to lieutenant in 1696. In October 1701, he was promoted to captain and company chief, the highest position available to non-royal, non-aristocratic young men. A year later, in the War of the Spanish Succession, he examined and experimented with different artillery positions. For his service, Frederick I raised him to the Prussian nobility, awarded him the rank of major, and, in 1709, lieutenant colonel. [2]

Linger participated in the Siege of Bonn during the War of the Grand Alliance in 1689. Lambert-van-den-Bos-Schauplatz-des-Krieges MG 9504.tif
Linger participated in the Siege of Bonn during the War of the Grand Alliance in 1689.

After his return from campaigning in the May 1713, Linger was released from active service. After the ascension of the so-called Soldier King, on 2 January 1714, Linger was reactivated in service and, a year later, served against Sweden in the Great Northern War. He participated in the occupation of Pomerania. After his activities in the sieges of Stralsund, and Stetten, he was promoted in 1716 to colonel and proprietor of the Prussian Artillery crops. With this new position, he centralized the royal Prussian artillery. He refortified the Berlin armory; he also refitted the factory in which armaments were made. Under his leadership, the factory produced large amounts of armaments and cannons for the First Silesian War. Linger standardized the caliber of the cannons, so that they had reliably configured 3, 6, 12, and 14 gauge barrels, making it easier to manufacture standardized cannonballs that would fit the proper-sized cannons. In 1724, he was appointed as a regional captain and councilman of Rosenberg, and in 1728, raised to the rank of major general. His loyalty to the Prussian king was rewarded when Frederick William made him a member of the military cabinet in 1730; after the Crown Prince's abortive attempt to flee to England, Linger was required to participate in the court-martial of Hans Hermann von Katte. Shortly before Frederick William's death, he promoted Linger lieutenant general in 1739. [2] Under his successor, Frederick II, Lingen organized the Siege of Brieg in the First Silesian War. After the occupation of Silesia the fortress at Glogau was expanded under his supervision. His strength lay in the establishment and construction of new Silesian artillery companies. In 1743, Linger was promoted to the general of the artillery, the first to hold that rank. A year later, Frederick the Great honored his worthy general with the award of the Black Eagle Order. During the Second Silesian War, Linger, already 75 years old, was at the head of the field artillery regiment at the Battle of Prague. He organized and directed the bombardment of the city, resulting in Prague's surrender on 16 September 1744. It was his last military action. [2]

The King rewarded Lingen with properties at Alt-Künckendorf and Groß-Zieten near Angermünde; Christian Nicolaus von Linger died on 17 April 1755, at age 86 years, in Berlin. In his long soldier's life of 67 years he served three Prussian monarchs. Linger was buried in the Berlin garrison church. [2]

Marriages and descendants

Lingen was married twice. [1]

  • This marriage produced five children, four daughters and a son:
  • Johanna Henriette (16991780) married Bernhard von Beauvryé (major general)
  • Charlotte married the Danish officer David Levin von Katte (16901758). [3]
  • Dorothea Philippina (* 1703; † 24. Juni 1756) married the colonel of artillery Valentin Bodo von der Osten (1669–1757).
  • Friedrich Albrecht Gustav Ludwig von Linger (1757–1791); he married Katharine Dorothea Antoinette Küchmeister von Sternberg
  • Friedrich Albrecht Gustav Ludwig von Linger (1757–1791). [4]
  • Wilhelm von Linger (1720–1756) died childless; he was a major in a Prussian cuirassier regiment.

Monuments

Linger's name, listed as C. V. LINGER GEN. D. ART., appears on the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great in Berlin, Unter den Linden. The monument was erected in 1851 by Frederick the Great's great-great nephew, Frederick William IV. [5]

On the occasion of the Königsberg maneuvers in 1910, Emperor Wilhelm II gave to the foot artillery regiment 'von Linger' (Ostpr.) No. 1 a bronze bust of the general, created according to a model by the Berlin sculptor Christian Daniel Rauch. The bust displayed in the traditional section of the artillery collegiate building next to the Haberberg Church. It was lost in 1945. [6] Before 1914, retiring officers of the regiment received a reduced bronze copy of the bust as a farewell present. One of these replicas is preserved in the Artillery School of the German Armed Forces in Idar-Oberstein. [6] [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans Joachim von Zieten</span> Prussian general

Hans Joachim von Zieten, sometimes spelled Johann Joachim von Ziethen,, also known as Zieten aus dem Busch, was a cavalry general in the Prussian Army. He served in four wars and was instrumental in several victories during the reign of Frederick the Great, most particularly at Hohenfriedberg and Torgau. He is also well known for a raid into the Habsburg territories during the Second Silesian War, known as Zieten's Ride. After engaging in a reputed 74 duels, and fighting in four wars, he died in his bed at the age of 86.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Order of the Black Eagle</span> Highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia

The Order of the Black Eagle was the highest order of chivalry in the Kingdom of Prussia. The order was founded on 17 January 1701 by Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg. In his Dutch exile after World War I, deposed Emperor Wilhelm II continued to award the order to his family. He made his second wife, Princess Hermine Reuss of Greiz, a Lady in the Order of the Black Eagle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans von Lehwaldt</span> Prussian Generalfeldmarschall (1685–1768)

Hans von Lehwald(t) (24 June 1685 – 16 November 1768), also known as Johann von Lehwald(t), was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall. He joined the military in 1700 and participated in all Prussian field operations from the War of Spanish Succession through the Seven Years' War. He served with particular distinction in Frederick the Great's war with the Austrians in the Silesia and Seven Years' War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pfuel</span> German ancient noble family

The ancient German noble family of Pfuel arrived in Brandenburg in the year 926 and later widened their influence to Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Mecklenburg, Pomerania, Württemberg, Westphalia, Eastern Europe and Sweden.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">General of the Artillery (Germany)</span> Former branch general rank in the German Army

General der Artillerie may mean:

Joachim Ludwig Schultheiss von Unfriedt was a German Baroque architect, official, and councillor most active in Königsberg and throughout East Prussia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schlosskirche (Königsberg)</span> Church in Germany, Germany

The Schlosskirche or Schloßkirche was a Protestant church within Königsberg Castle in Königsberg, Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans Lohmeyer</span>

Hans Lohmeyer was a German jurist, Lord Mayor of Königsberg.

Karl Georg Heinrich Bernhard von Poten, known as Bernhard von Poten, was a royal Prussian colonel best known for his military writing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christoph II von Dohna</span> German military personnel

Christoph II, Burggraf and Count of Dohna-Schlodien was a Prussian general. He was the son of Christopher I, Burgrave and Count of Dohna-Schlodien (1665–1733). He served in the armies of Frederick William I of Prussia and his son, Frederick II, in the Silesian and Seven Years' wars. He was particularly successful at the Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf, and instrumental in relieving Siege of Kolberg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karl Wilhelm von Dieskau</span> A Prussian lieutenant general and general inspector of the artillery in the 18c

Karl Wilhelm von Dieskau was a Prussian lieutenant general and general inspector of the artillery. He participated in twelve campaigns, ten battles, nine sieges. He received the Black Eagle Order, the Order Pour le Mérite, and was included in 1851 on the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great. He is general credited with creating Frederick the Great's vaunted horse artillery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johann Dietrich von Hülsen</span> German canon

Johann Dietrich von Hülsen was a Prussian lieutenant general of the infantry. After a lifelong officer's career in various infantry regiments, he acquired the special respect of Frederick II in the Seven Years' War as general, and was honored by him with the appointment as governor of Berlin. During the war, he became a canon to Minden and was awarded the Black Eagle Order and the Order Pour le Mérite. His name appears on the top tier of the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dubislav Friedrich von Platen</span> German officer (1714–1787)

Dubislav Friedrich von Platen was a Prussian officer in Frederick the Great's army. A cavalry general, he was also Governor of Königsberg, a Knight of the Order of Saint John, and a recipient of the Order of the Black Eagle. An active cavalry officer in all of the wars fought by Frederick—the War of Austrian Succession, the Second Silesian War, the Seven Years' War and, finally, the War of Bavarian Succession — he was commemorated on Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great in 1851 erected by Frederick's great-great nephew, Frederick William IV.

Hans-Friedrich von Krusemark, sometimes spelled Krusemarck, was a Lieutenant General in the Prussian Army of Frederick the Great.

Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf was a Prussian state minister for Silesia and president of the Silesian chamber. He was the son of the estate owner Johann Christian von Schlabrendorf, of Gröben, Groß- und Klein-Beuthen and Waßmannsdorf in Teltow, and his wife Anna Augusta Elisabeth von Pfuel. The major general Gustav Albrecht von Schlaberndorf was his brother. On 5 December 1767 Frederick the Great awarded him with the Black Eagle Order. He is included among the relief figures on the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great, erected in Berlin in 1851.

Johann Karl Friedrich zu Carolath-Beuthen was an independent prince and Prussian general in the service of Frederick the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kasimir Wedig von Bonin</span>

Kasimir Wedig von Bonin, also called Casimir Wedigo von Bonin, was a Prussian lieutenant general during the reigns of Frederick William I and his son, Frederick the Great.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anton von Krockow</span>

Anton Friedrich von Krockow (4 January 1714 – 7 September 1778) was a Prussian lieutenant general.

William Dietrich von Wakenitz, also Wackenitz or Wacknitz, 2 August 1728 on the family estate at Neu Boltenhagen–9 January 1805 in Kassel). He served in the Prussian army during the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War as a cavalry officer; subsequently, he served the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel as general and finance minister.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karl Friedrich von Moller</span>

Karl Friedrich von Moller was a Prussian colonel of artillery. His uncanny genius at setting up artillery parks gave Frederick the Great high confidence in the artillery's ability to effect the outcome. During the Seven Years' War, Moller gained great fame specifically for his actions at Lobositz, Rossbach and Zorndorf.

References

  1. 1 2 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon Band VII, Band 97 der Gesamtreihe, Seite 401
  2. 1 2 3 4 Bernhard von Poten Linger, Christian von, Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, herausgegeben von der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 18 (1883), S. 709–710, Digitale Volltext-Ausgabe in Wikisource, .(Version vom 26 January 2017, 18:44 Uhr UTC)
  3. Rolf Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch Der Preußischen Verwaltungs- und Justizbeamten, S.476, Christian Carl Wilhelm von Katte
  4. After the death of this grandson, the male line ended. Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, p. 401.
  5. Wieland Giebel (Hrsg.): Das Reiterstandbild Friedrichs des Großen. S. 11, 15 u. 38; Berlin Story Verlag, Berlin 2007; ISBN   978-3-929829-69-3.
  6. 1 2 Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt: Königsberger Skulpturen und ihre Meister 1255-1945. Würzburg 1970, S. 263
  7. Königsberger Bürgerbrief V (1967/68), S. 16 (m. Abb.)

Sources