Codex Monacensis (X 033)

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"Codex Monacensis" may refer to any manuscript held by the Bavarian State Library.
Uncial 033
New Testament manuscript
Monacensis f.148v.jpg
Folio 148 verso
NameMonacensis
SignX
Text Gospels
Date9th/10th century
Script Greek
Now at Munich University Library
Size37.5 cm by 25.5 cm
Type Byzantine text-type
Category V

Codex Monacensis, designated by X or 033 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), A3 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels written on parchment. The manuscript contains commentary from several church fathers. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the 9th or 10th century. [1] [2] The manuscript has several gaps, and has been rebound at least once. [1] [2]

Contents

It is a witness to the passage of John 7:53-8:11 being omitted. [3]

Description

The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing the text of the four Gospels written on 160 thick parchment leaves (37.5 cm by 25.5 cm) in brown ink. [3] It has survived in a fragmentary condition, with several leaves from the Gospels of Matthew and Mark missing. [4] [2] The text was written in two columns, 45 lines per page, [1] in small, upright uncial letters, by a "very elegant" hand, [4] with breathing marks, accents and some compressed letters. [3] The codex contains the four Gospels in the order of: John, Luke, Mark and Matthew, though the original order was Matthew, John, Luke and Mark, named the "Western Order". [5] [3] [4] According to Biblical scholar Caspar René Gregory, "The bookbinder messed everything up". [2]

The text of the Gospels contains a patristic commentary (except for Mark) written in minuscule letters. [2] [5] The commentary in Matthew and John is from the writings of John Chrysostom, and for some of Luke it is from Pseudo-Titus of Bostra. [3] [4] Though most of the commentary in Luke is between the verses, on the reverse side of folio 71 and both sides of folio 72, the commentary (from Origen and other early writers) has been written around the text in a later hand to the original. [6]

There are no divisions such as titles (known as τίτλοι / titloi), and the Ammonian sections and Eusebian Canons (both early systems of dividing the Gospels into sections) are absent. [4] The texts of Matthew 16:2b–3 and John 7:53-8:11 are omitted, [2] [3] though the Gospel of Mark has the longer ending.

Contents

Text

The Greek text of this codex is considered a representative of the Byzantine text-type, with occasional readings deemed to be from the Alexandrian text-type. Textual critic Kurt Aland placed it in Category V of his New Testament manuscript classification system. [1] Category V manuscripts are described as "manuscripts with a purely or predominantly Byzantine text." [1] : 336 

Some notable readings

Mark 9:49

πας γαρ πυρι αλι αλισθησεται (for everyone shall be seasoned by fire-salt) - X (singular reading)
πας γαρ πυρι αλισθησεται (for everyone shall be seasoned with fire) - Majority of manuscripts [7] : 121 

Mark 10:30

καὶ πατέρα καὶ μητέρα (and father and mother) - X א ‎ C K M Π 218 220 482
καὶ μητέρας (and mothers) - Majority of manuscripts [8] : 327 

Mark 12:27

ἀλλὰ ζώντων (but [of the] living) - X א ‎ A B C D F K U Δ Π
ἀλλὰ θεὸς ζώντων (but God [of the] living) - Majority of manuscripts [8] : 351 

History

The codex was examined by philologist and historian Josef Dobrovský, who collated some of its readings for textual critic Johann Jakob Griesbach. [9] [4] Biblical scholar Johann M. A. Scholz collated it again, however the collation was considered poor. [9] [4] Biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf collated its text again in 1844, and again by biblical scholar Samuel Prideaux Tregelles in 1846. [9] Burgon examined the manuscript in 1872. [2] [4]

The codex was held in Innsbruck in 1757. It has been in Rome, Ingolstadt (as a present from Gerard Vossius (1577–1649)), and in 1827 it arrived in Munich. [2] [4] The manuscript is currently located in the Munich University Library (fol. 30), in Munich, Germany. [1] [5] [10]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aland, Kurt; Aland, Barbara (1995). The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 113. ISBN   978-0-8028-4098-1.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Gregory, Caspar René (1900). Textkritik des Neuen Testaments. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. pp. 82–83.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hatch, William (1939). The Principal Uncial Manuscripts of the New Testament . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. Plate LXXI.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament . Vol. 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. p. 152.
  5. 1 2 3 Metzger, Bruce Manning; Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration (4 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 81. ISBN   0-19-516667-1.
  6. ↑ Vogels, Heinrich Joseph (1929). Codicum Novi Testamenti Specimina: Paginas 51 ex codicibus manuscriptis et 3 ex libris impressis collegit ac phototypice repraesentatas. Bonn: Sumptibus P. Hanstein. p. 6 (Tab. 10).
  7. ↑ Aland, Kurt; Black, Matthew; Martini, Carlo Maria; Metzger, Bruce M.; Wikgren, Allen, eds. (1981). Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece (26 ed.). Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung. ISBN   3-438-051001. (NA26)
  8. 1 2 Tischendorf, 8th edition
  9. 1 2 3 Horne, Thomas Hartwell (1856). An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures. Vol. 4 (10 ed.). London: Longmans & Roberts. pp. 195–196.
  10. ↑ "Liste Handschriften". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 16 March 2013.
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