Committee in Support of Solidarity

Last updated

The Committee in Support of Solidarity (CSS) was an organization created on December 14, 1981, in New York City [1] to facilitate publication of information about martial law in Poland. [2]

The committee created its first Information Bulletin in New York City on December 22, 1981, during the period of martial law in Poland. [3] Spokesmen for the committee as of December 12, 1982, were Miroslaw Chojecki, Jakub Karpiński, Wojciech Karpiński, Agnieszka Kolakowska, Irena Lasota, Piotr Naimski, and Eric Chenoweth. Press spokesmen were Crhstopher Wilcock and Agneszka Kolakowska. [2] To attract funding in support of Solidarity activity the committee was helped by the group of American-Polish scientists organized by Professors Stefan Niewiarowski of Temple University and Zbyszek Darzynkiewicz of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. The committee later became the Institute for Democracy in Eastern Europe. [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Solidarity (Polish trade union)</span> 20th-century Polish trade union

Solidarity, full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity", is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state. The union's membership peaked at 10 million in September 1981, representing one-third of the country's working-age population. Solidarity's leader Lech Wałęsa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 and the union is widely recognised as having played a central role in the end of Communist rule in Poland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adam Michnik</span> Polish historian, former dissident and public intellectual (born 1946)

Adam Michnik is a Polish historian, essayist, former dissident, public intellectual, as well as co-founder and editor-in-chief of the Polish newspaper, Gazeta Wyborcza.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrzej Gwiazda</span>

Andrzej Gwiazda is an engineer and prominent opposition leader, who participated in Polish March 1968 Events and December 1970 Events; one of the founders of Free Trade Unions, Member of the Presiding Committee of the Strike at Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk in August 1980, Vice President of the Founding Committee of Solidarity, then Vice President of Solidarity in 1980 and 1981; in December 1981 interned and next imprisoned with six other Solidarność leaders. His wife, Joanna Duda-Gwiazda also was a prominent member of the anticommunist opposition in the 1970s and 1980s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kotwica</span> Emblem of the Polish resistance to Nazism during WWII

The Kotwica was a World War II emblem of the Polish Underground State and Armia Krajowa. It was created in 1942 by members of the AK Wawer Minor sabotage unit, as an easily usable emblem for the Polish struggle to regain independence. The initial meaning of the initials PW was Pomścimy Wawer. This was a reference to the Wawer massacre, which was considered to be one of the first large scale massacres of Polish civilians by German troops in occupied Poland.

<i>Biuletyn Informacyjny</i>

Biuletyn Informacyjny was a Polish underground weekly published covertly in General Government territory of occupied Poland during World War II. The magazine was edited by Aleksander Kamiński and distributed as the main organ of ZWZ-AK headquarters in Warsaw, initially in order to inform the AK soldier about ongoing resistance activities. By 1944 Biuletyn Informacyjny had a circulation of 42,000-43,000 copies. The publishers recommended readers to have the articles reprinted in provincial underground publications throughout Poland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bogusław Sonik</span> Polish politician

Bogusław Andrzej Sonik is a Polish politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Lesser Poland Voivodeship and Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship with the Civic Platform, part of the European People's Party and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anna Walentynowicz</span> Polish free trade union activist

Anna Walentynowicz was a Polish free trade union activist and co-founder of Solidarity, the first non-communist trade union in the Eastern Bloc. Her firing from her job at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk in August 1980 was the event that ignited the strike at the shipyard, set off a wave of strikes across Poland, and quickly paralyzed the Baltic coast. The Interfactory Strike Committee (MKS) based in the Gdańsk shipyard eventually transformed itself into Solidarity; by September, more than one million workers were on strike in support of the 21 demands of MKS, making it the largest strike ever.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Solidarity</span> History of the Polish trade union

Solidarity, a Polish non-governmental trade union, was founded on August 14, 1980, at the Lenin Shipyards by Lech Wałęsa and others. In the early 1980s, it became the first independent labor union in a Soviet-bloc country. Solidarity gave rise to a broad, non-violent, anti-Communist social movement that, at its height, claimed some 9.4 million members. It is considered to have contributed greatly to the Fall of Communism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fighting Solidarity</span> Polish anti-communist organization

Fighting Solidarity was a Polish anti-Soviet and anti-communist organization. It was founded in June 1982 by Kornel Morawiecki in the Polish city of Wrocław. Its creation was in response to the de-legalization of the Solidarity movement and associated communist government repression of the opposition symbolized by the imposition of martial law in 1981. Many consider this faction as one of the most radical and uncompromising splinters of the wider Solidarity movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polish underground press</span> Clandestine publishing operations in Poland during World War II and the Communist regime

Polish underground press, devoted to prohibited materials, has a long history of combatting censorship of oppressive regimes in Poland. It existed throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, including under foreign occupation of the country, as well as during the totalitarian rule of the pro-Soviet government. Throughout the Eastern Bloc, bibuła published until the collapse of communism was known also as samizdat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrzej Celiński</span> Polish politician (born 1950)

Andrzej Bohdan Celiński is a Polish politician. Until 1989 activist of the democratic opposition in Poland. Former Member of Senate and Sejm. Minister of Culture in the government of Prime Minister Leszek Miller (2001-2002).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrzej Butkiewicz</span>

Andrzej Butkiewicz was a political activist opposing Communism in Poland during the 1970s and 1980s, imprisoned for his role in the Solidarity movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Association of Polish Artists and Designers</span>

The Association of Polish Artists and Designers is an official association of professional artists in Poland, representing more than 8,500 learned artists working in the field of visual arts, including: painting, sculpture, graphic design, interior and set design, ceramics, fabric arts, as well as new media, and art restoration.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kornel Morawiecki</span> Polish politician (1941–2019)

Kornel Andrzej Morawiecki was a Polish politician, the founder and leader of Fighting Solidarity, one of the splinters of the Solidarity movement in Poland during the 1980s. His academic background was that of a theoretical physicist. He was also a member of the 8th legislature of the Sejm, of which was also the Senior Marshal on 12 November 2015. His son Mateusz Morawiecki is the Prime Minister of Poland and was a former chairman of Bank Zachodni WBK.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacek Fedorowicz</span> Polish satirist and actor

Jacek Jan Fedorowicz is a Polish satirist and actor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Müller</span> Polish politician and trade unionist

Edward Ryszard Müller is a Polish politician, a trade union activist; he was an oppositionist in the People's Republic of Poland and from 1989 to 1993 a deputy of the Contract Sejm and the First Term Sejm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teresa Klimek</span> Polish educator and activist

Teresa Klimek (1929-2013) was a Polish educator and activist. Educated to teach mathematics, she taught in various schools in Gorzów Wielkopolski from 1953 to 1984 and was honored for her skill as an educator. She helped found the Gorzów Wielkopolski branch of the Catholic Intellectuals Club as well as the regional branch of Solidarity. Her activism during Poland's struggle for democracy was widely recognized at both the local and national level and she was honored with numerous medals and awards.

Irena Lasota is a Polish philosopher, publicist, publisher, social and political activist, and president/co-director of the Institute for Democracy in Eastern Europe. Lasota began her political activism as a student in Poland during the 1968 Polish political crisis, which pitted protesting students against the then-Communist government. Soon after the so called March events, Lasota would emigrate to the United States, eventually returning to Europe in the first half of the 1980s to settle down in France. Lasota is to this day a frequent commentator on Polish and American political affairs, and remains an outspoken supporter of freedom of speech and democratic institutions.

Civic Committee of the Solidarity with Ukraine – Polish organization founded in order to support pro-democratic changes in Ukraine. The group has been established at the beginning of Revolution of Dignity in the beginning of 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wiesław Cupała</span> Polish mathematician

Wiesław Cupała is a Polish artist, writer, mathematician, editor of the website of the Wolność i Pokój movement, and one of the leaders of the Orange Alternative.

References

  1. Gregory F. Domber (2008). Supporting the Revolution: America, Democracy, and the End of the Cold War in Poland, 1981--1989. p. 131. ISBN   978-0-549-38516-5.
  2. 1 2 Archival Fond no. 137/10, Biuletyn Informacyjny / Information Bulletin Solidarity. Wyd.: Committee in Support of Solidarity / Komitet Pomocy Solidarności.. Nowy Jork, Information Bulletin no. 3.
  3. Archival Fond no. 137/10, Biuletyn Informacyjny / Information Bulletin Solidarity. Wyd.: Committee in Support of Solidarity / Komitet Pomocy Solidarności.. Nowy Jork, Information Bulletin no. 1.
  4. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-16. Retrieved 2014-11-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)