Cordia alliodora

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Cordia alliodora
Cordia alliodora.jpg
Sapling
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Boraginales
Family: Boraginaceae
Genus: Cordia
Species:
C. alliodora
Binomial name
Cordia alliodora
Synonyms [1]
  • Cerdana alliodoraRuiz & Pav.
  • Cerdana cujabensisSilva Manso ex A.DC.
  • Cordia alliodora var. bolivianaChodat & Vischer
  • Cordia alliodora var. glabraA.DC.
  • Cordia alliodora var. tomentosaA.DC.
  • Cordia alliodora f. albotomentosaChodat & Hassl.
  • Cordia andinaChodat
  • Cordia cerdanaRoem. & Schult.
  • Cordia chamissoniana var. complicataChodat
  • Cordia cujabensisSilva Manso & Lhotzky ex Cham.
  • Cordia gerascanthus var. subcanescensA.DC.
  • Cordia gerascanthus f. martinicensisChodat
  • Cordia goudotiiChodat
  • Cordia hartwissianaRegel
  • Cordia rusbyiBritton
  • Cordia velutinaMart.
  • Gerascanthus alliodorus(Ruiz & Pav.) M.Kuhlm. & Mattos
  • Gerascanthus cujabensis(Silva Manso & Lhotzky ex Cham.) Borhidi
  • Gerascanthus velutinusFresen.
  • Lithocardium alliodorum(Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
  • Lithocardium cujabense(Silva Manso & Lhotzky ex Cham.) Kuntze
  • Lithocardium gerascanthus var. alliodorum(Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
  • Lithocardium hartwigsianaKuntze
  • Solanum mucronatumO.E.Schulz
  • Varronia rusbyi(Britton ex Rusby) Borhidi
  • Varronia tuberosaSessé & Moc.

Cordia alliodora is a species of flowering tree in the borage family, Boraginaceae, that is native to the American tropics. [2] It is commonly known as Spanish elm, Ecuador laurel, [3] cypre [2] or salmwood. [2] It can reach 35 m in height.

Contents

Taxonomy

The species was first described in 1799 by Hipólito Ruiz López and José Antonio Pavón Jiménez, as Cerdana alliodora. In 1841, it was transferred to the genus Cordia by Lorenz Oken. (Cerdana is treated as a synonym of Cordia.) [1]

Among the synonyms of Cordia alliodora is Solanum mucronatum. [1] Solanum is placed in a different family from Cordia (Solanaceae rather than Boraginaceae). [4] Solanum mucronatum was described by Otto Eugen Schulz in 1909. In his description, Schulz expressed doubt that Solanum was the right genus. [5]

Uses

Cordia alliodora is one of several Cordia trees called bocote in Spanish and its wood, which has very little figure, is usually called freijo or jennywood along with that of Cordia goeldiana . The wood is used for boat decking, furniture, cabinetry, guitar/bass building by luthiers, and sometimes substitutes for mahogany or teak.

Environmental aspects

Outside of its indigenous range, Cordia alliodora has been identified as a problematic invasive species. [6] For example, a timber-focused planting program of the species in Vanuatu during the mid-1970s has over time proved disruptive to native ecosystems and communities. The species has been described as a severe environmental nuisance, as it has overtaken natural forests by multiplying at a faster rate than being harvested, and has become susceptible to outbreaks of a form of root rot known as Phellinus noxius. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boraginaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-notfamily, includes about 2,000 species of shrubs, trees, and herbs in 146 to 156 genera with a worldwide distribution.

<i>Cordia</i> Genus of flowering plants in the borage family

Cordia is a genus of flowering plants in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It contains about 300 species of shrubs and trees, that are found worldwide, mostly in warmer regions. Many of the species are commonly called manjack, while bocote may refer to several Central American species in Spanish.

<i>Ficus microcarpa</i> Species of fig

Ficus microcarpa, also known as Chinese banyan, Malayan banyan, Indian laurel, curtain fig, or gajumaru (ガジュマル), is a tree in the fig family Moraceae. It is native in a range from China through tropical Asia and the Caroline Islands to Australia. It is widely planted as a shade tree and frequently misidentified as F. retusa or as F. nitida.

<i>Tectona</i> Genus of trees

Tectona is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the mint family, Lamiaceae. The three species are often collectively called teak.

<i>Selenicereus</i> Genus of cacti

Selenicereus, sometimes known as moonlight cactus, is a genus of epiphytic, lithophytic, and terrestrial cacti, found in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. The term night-blooming cereus is also sometimes used, but this is also used for many night-blooming cacti, including Epiphyllum and Peniocereus. In 2017, the genus Hylocereus was brought into synonymy with Selenicereus. A number of species of Selenicereus produce fruit that is eaten. The fruit, known as pitaya or pitahaya in Spanish or as dragon fruit, may be collected from the wild or the plants may be cultivated.

<i>Libidibia coriaria</i> Species of legume

Libidibia coriaria, synonym Caesalpinia coriaria, is a leguminous tree or large shrub native to the Caribbean, Central America, Mexico, and northern and western South America. Common names include divi-divi, cascalote, guaracabuya, guatapana, nacascol, tan yong, and watapana (Aruba).

<i>Cordia sebestena</i> Species of tree

Cordia sebestena is a shrubby tree in the borage family, Boraginaceae, native to the American tropics. It ranges from southern Florida in the United States and the Bahamas, southwards throughout Central America and the Greater Antilles. Common names have included siricote or kopté (Mayan) in 19th Century northern Yucatán, scarlet cordia in Jamaica, and Geiger tree in Florida.

<i>Cordia subcordata</i> Species of tree

Cordia subcordata is a species of flowering tree in the borage family, it can be found growing in eastern Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, northern Australia and the Pacific Islands including Hawaii. The plant is known by a variety of names including kou, beach cordia, sea trumpet, and kerosene wood, among others.

<i>Varronia rupicola</i> Species of shrub

Varronia rupicola, synonym Cordia rupicola, commonly known as the Puerto Rico manjack, is a critically endangered species of flowering shrub in the borage family, Boraginaceae, that is native to the islands of Puerto Rico and Anegada.

<i>Solanum lanceolatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Solanum lanceolatum, with the common names orangeberry nightshade and lanceleaf nightshade, is a species of nightshade. It is native to regions of South America, including the Cerrado ecoregion of the Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome, primarily in Brazil.

<i>Cordia dichotoma</i> Species of plant

Cordia dichotoma is a species of flowering tree in the borage family, Boraginaceae, that is native to the Indomalayan realm, northern Australia, and western Melanesia.

<i>Ehretia microphylla</i> Species of flowering plant

Ehretia microphylla, synonym Carmona retusa, also known as the Fukien tea tree or Philippine tea tree, is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae.

<i>Varronia curassavica</i> Species of flowering plant

Varronia curassavica, synonym Cordia curassavica, commonly known as black sage or wild sage, is a species of flowering plant in the borage family, Boraginaceae. It is sometimes called tropical black sage to distinguish it from another unrelated species named black sage, Salvia mellifera. It is native to tropical America but has also been widely introduced to Southeast Asia and the tropical Pacific region, where it is an invasive weed. The specific epithet is a latinised form of Curaçao, an island in the southern Caribbean Sea region and the locality of the type collection.

<i>Cardamine angustata</i> Species of flowering plant

Cardamine angustata is a perennial forb native to the eastern United States, that produces white to pink or purple flowers in early spring.

Zandera is a genus of annual plants in the family Asteraceae.

<i>Cordia dodecandra</i> Species of flowering plant

Cordia dodecandra is a small tree in the borage family (Boraginaceae) native to southern Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Chilocardamum is a small genus of four herbaceous cress-like species of plants in the family Brassicaceae, only found growing in Patagonia, southern Argentina.

<i>Polypsecadium</i> Genus of plants

Polypsecadium is a genus of large herbaceous species of plants in the family Brassicaceae, found growing in South America. Most of the species were formerly classified in the genus Sisymbrium.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "Cordia alliodora". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 10 March 2010.
  3. Mabberley, D.J. (1997). The plant book: A portable dictionary of the vascular plants . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-41421-0.
  4. "Solanum L." Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  5. Schulz, Otto Eugen (1909). "Solanacearum genera nonnulla". In Urban, Ignaz (ed.). Symbolae Antillanae, seu, Fundamenta florae Indiae Occidentalis. Vol. 6. pp. 140–192. Retrieved 29 December 2023. "An haec planta re vera ad Solanum pertiniat?" (Does this plant really belong to Solanum?) p. 191
  6. Edward, Ezekiel; Munishi, Pantaleo K. T.; Hulme, Philip E. (2009). "Relative Roles of Disturbance and Propagule Pressure on the Invasion of Humid Tropical Forest byCordia alliodora(Boraginaceae) in Tanzania". Biotropica. 41 (2): 171–178. Bibcode:2009Biotr..41..171E. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2008.00474.x . ISSN   0006-3606.
  7. Country report on the forestry invasive species situation in Vanuatu. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Forest Invasive Species Conference. Kunming, Yunnan Province, China 17–23 August 2003. http://www.fao.org/docrep/008/ae944e/ae944e0a.htm