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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is a primary structural component of the human brain, cerebral cortex, skin, and retina. It is given the fatty acid notation 22:6(n-3). It can be synthesized from alpha-linolenic acid or obtained directly from maternal milk, fatty fish, fish oil, or algae oil. The consumption of DHA contributes to numerous physiological benefits, including cognition. As the primary structural component of nerve cells in the brain, the function of DHA is to support neuronal conduction and to allow optimal function of neuronal membrane proteins.
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Nannochloropsis is a genus of alga within the heterokont line of eukaryotes, that is being investigated for biofuel production. One marine Nannochloropsis species has been shown to be suitable for algal biofuel production due to its ease of growth and high oil content, mainly unsaturated fatty acids and a significant percentage of palmitic acid. It also contains enough unsaturated fatty acid linolenic acid and polyunsaturated acid for a quality biodiesel.
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Schizochytrium is a genus of unicellular eukaryotes in the family Thraustochytriaceae, which are found in coastal marine habitats. They are assigned to the Stramenopiles (heterokonts), a group which also contains kelp and various microalgae.
Chlorella vulgaris is a species of green microalga in the division Chlorophyta. It is mainly used as a dietary supplement or protein-rich food additive in Japan.
Thraustochytrids are single-celled saprotrophic eukaryotes (decomposers) that are widely distributed in marine ecosystems, and which secrete enzymes including, but not limited to amylases, proteases, phosphatases. They are most abundant in regions with high amounts of detritus and decaying plant material. They play an important ecological role in mangroves, where they aid in nutrient cycling by decomposing decaying matter. Additionally, they contribute significantly to the synthesis of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are essential fatty acids for the growth and reproduction of crustaceans. Thraustochytrids are members of the class Labyrinthulea, a group of protists that had previously been incorrectly categorized as fungi due to their similar appearance and lifestyle. With the advent of DNA sequencing technology, labyrinthulomycetes were appropriately placed with other stramenopiles and subsequently categorized as a group of Labyrinthulomycetes.
Tisochrysis lutea is a species of Haptophyta formerly known as Isochrysis affinis galbana (Tahiti isolate) or 'T-iso'.
References
- 1 2 "Crypthecodinium cohnii (Seligo, 1886) Chatton in Grassé, 1952". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2012.
- ↑ Martek Biosciences Corporation (April 5, 2007). "History of Martek". Archived from the original on February 5, 2007. Retrieved March 10, 2007.
- 1 2 Jiang, Yue; Chen, Feng; Liang, Shi-Zhong (September 1999). "Production potential of docosahexaenoic acid by the heterotrophic marine dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii". Process Biochemistry. 34 (6–7): 633–637. doi:10.1016/s0032-9592(98)00134-4. ISSN 1359-5113.
- ↑ Diao, Jinjin; Li, Xingrui; Pei, Guangsheng; Liu, Liangsen; Chen, Lei (May 2018). "Comparative metabolomic analysis of Crypthecodinium cohnii in response to different dissolved oxygen levels during docosahexaenoic acid fermentation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 499 (4): 941–947. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.024. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 29626468.
- ↑ Jiang, Y; Chen, F (1999-12-01). "Effects of salinity on cell growth and docosahexaenoic acid content of the heterotrophic marine microalga Crypthecodinium cohnii". Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. 23 (6): 508–513. doi: 10.1038/sj.jim.2900759 . ISSN 1367-5435. S2CID 2195505.
- ↑ Pleissner, Daniel; Eriksen, Niels T. (2012-03-02). "Effects of phosphorous [sic], nitrogen, and carbon limitation on biomass composition in batch and continuous flow cultures of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii". Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 109 (8): 2005–2016. doi:10.1002/bit.24470. ISSN 0006-3592. PMID 22354618.
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