Quantum Monte Carlo encompasses a large family of computational methods whose common aim is the study of complex quantum systems. One of the major goals of these approaches is to provide a reliable solution of the quantum many-body problem. The diverse flavors of quantum Monte Carlo approaches all share the common use of the Monte Carlo method to handle the multi-dimensional integrals that arise in the different formulations of the many-body problem.
Jozef T. Devreese was a Belgian scientist,with a long career in condensed matter physics. He was professor emeritus of theoretical physics at the University of Antwerp. He died on November 1,2023.
Auxiliary-field Monte Carlo is a method that allows the calculation,by use of Monte Carlo techniques,of averages of operators in many-body quantum mechanical or classical problems.
Amir Ordacgi Caldeira is a Brazilian physicist. He received his bachelor's degree in 1973 from the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro,his M.Sc. degree in 1976 from the same university,and his Ph.D. in 1980 from University of Sussex. His Ph.D. advisor was the Physics Nobel Prize winner Anthony James Leggett. He joined the faculty at Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) in 1980. In 1984 he did post-doctoral work at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) at University of California,Santa Barbara and at the Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratory at IBM. In 1994–1995 he spent a sabbatical at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is currently a full professor at Universidade Estadual de Campinas. He was the recipient of the Wataghin Prize,from Universidade Estadual de Campinas,for his contributions to theoretical physics in 1986.
Marvin Lou Cohen is an American–Canadian theoretical physicist. He is a physics professor at the University of California,Berkeley. Cohen is a leading expert in the field of condensed matter physics. He is widely known for his seminal work on the electronic structure of solids.
Superfluidity is a phenomenon where a fluid,or a fraction of a fluid,loses all its viscosity and can flow without resistance. A superfluid film is the thin film it may then form as a result.
In computational physics,variational Monte Carlo (VMC) is a quantum Monte Carlo method that applies the variational method to approximate the ground state of a quantum system.
Path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) is a quantum Monte Carlo method used to solve quantum statistical mechanics problems numerically within the path integral formulation. The application of Monte Carlo methods to path integral simulations of condensed matter systems was first pursued in a key paper by John A. Barker.
Atomtronics is an emerging type of computing consisting of matter-wave circuits which coherently guide propagating ultra-cold atoms. The systems typically include components analogous to those found in electronic or optical systems,such as beam splitters and transistors. Applications range from studies of fundamental physics to the development of practical devices.
Xiao-Gang Wen is a Chinese-American physicist. He is a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics. His expertise is in condensed matter theory in strongly correlated electronic systems. In Oct. 2016,he was awarded the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize.
Allan Blaer is a physicist,professor emeritus and special lecturer at Columbia University in New York City. He received his undergraduate degree from Columbia University in 1964,where he was the valedictorian. He later went on to obtain his PhD in physics at the same institution. He has done research in both theoretical and experimental physics. In quantum field theory,he worked on phase transitions in low-temperature bosonic and fermionic systems,quantum field theory anomalies,dyons and magnetic monopoles in non-abelian gauge theories,and renormalization theory. In experimental physics,he has worked on precision measurement of vacuum polarization in muonic atoms to test quantum electrodynamics.
Michael Lee Roukes is an American experimental physicist,nanoscientist,and the Frank J. Roshek Professor of Physics,Applied Physics,and Bioengineering at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).
The following timeline starts with the invention of the modern computer in the late interwar period.
Erwin Gabathuler was a particle physicist from Northern Ireland.
In quantum many-body physics,topological degeneracy is a phenomenon in which the ground state of a gapped many-body Hamiltonian becomes degenerate in the limit of large system size such that the degeneracy cannot be lifted by any local perturbations.
Scissors Modes are collective excitations in which two particle systems move with respect to each other conserving their shape. For the first time they were predicted to occur in deformed atomic nuclei by N. LoIudice and F. Palumbo,who used a semiclassical Two Rotor Model,whose solution required a realization of the O(4) algebra that was not known in mathematics. In this model protons and neutrons were assumed to form two interacting rotors to be identified with the blades of scissors. Their relative motion (Fig.1) generates a magnetic dipole moment whose coupling with the electromagnetic field provides the signature of the mode.
James (Jim) P. Eisenstein was the Frank J. Roshek Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at the physics department of California Institute of Technology.
Massimo Boninsegni is an Italian-Canadian theoretical condensed matter physicist. He graduated with a Bachelor's degree in physics at the Universita' degli Studi di Genova in 1986.
Bose–Einstein condensation of polaritons is a growing field in semiconductor optics research,which exhibits spontaneous coherence similar to a laser,but through a different mechanism. A continuous transition from polariton condensation to lasing can be made similar to that of the crossover from a Bose–Einstein condensate to a BCS state in the context of Fermi gases. Polariton condensation is sometimes called “lasing without inversion”.
An electron-on-helium qubit is a quantum bit for which the orthonormal basis states |0⟩and |1⟩are defined by quantized motional states or alternatively the spin states of an electron trapped above the surface of liquid helium. The electron-on-helium qubit was proposed as the basic element for building quantum computers with electrons on helium by Platzman and Dykman in 1999.
