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A hillfort is a type of fortified refuge or defended settlement located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typically European and of the Bronze Age or Iron Age. Some were used in the post-Roman period. The fortification usually follows the contours of a hill and consists of one or more lines of earthworks or stone ramparts, with stockades or defensive walls, and external ditches. If enemies were approaching, the civilians would spot them from a distance.
Sir Barrington Windsor Cunliffe,, known as Barry Cunliffe, is a British archaeologist and academic. He was Professor of European Archaeology at the University of Oxford from 1972 to 2007. Since 2007, he has been an emeritus professor.
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1937.
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Blewburton Hill is the site of an Iron Age hillfort located in Oxfordshire, in the southeast of England. It was a univallate hillfort. The area is mostly farmland with some small areas of wooded copse to the south and the northeast. The hill fort may have been occupied from the 4th century BC to the 1st century BC, and replaced a small settlement surrounded by a stockade, which is estimated to have been built in the 5th or 6th century BC.
Barry Raftery was an Irish archaeologist and academic. He is best known for his pioneering work in wetland archaeology and Iron Age hillforts in Ireland. He was Professor of Celtic Archaeology in University College Dublin (UCD) for more than thirty years, and served as chair of the Department of Celtic Archeology at UCD from 1996 to his retirement in 2007.
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Hillforts in Scotland are earthworks, sometimes with wooden or stone enclosures, built on higher ground, which usually include a significant settlement, built within the modern boundaries of Scotland. They were first studied in the eighteenth century and the first serious field research was undertaken in the nineteenth century. In the twentieth century there were large numbers of archaeological investigations of specific sites, with an emphasis on establishing a chronology of the forts. Forts have been classified by type and their military and ritual functions have been debated.
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Rathgall, or the Ring of the Rath is a large multivallate hill fort near the town of Shillelagh. Dating from the Bronze Age, it consists of three roughly concentric stone ramparts with a fourth masonry wall dating from the Medieval period at its centre. Rathgall is a National Monument which is in state care.
Cecily Margaret Guido,, also known as Peggy Piggott, was an English archaeologist, prehistorian, and finds specialist. Her career in British archaeology spanned sixty years, and she is recognised for her field methods, her field-leading research into prehistoric settlements, burial traditions, and artefact studies, as well as her high-quality and rapid publication, contributing more than 50 articles and books to her field between the 1930s and 1990s.
Sara Champion was a British archaeologist with an interest in the European Iron Age and the role and visibility of women working in archaeology. She was editor of PAST, the newsletter of The Prehistoric Society from 1997 until her death in 2000. The Prehistoric Society hosts an annual Sara Champion Memorial Lecture.
Gary R. Lock is a British archaeologist and emeritus professor at the School of Archaeology, University of Oxford. He is noted for his contributions to computational archaeology.
Abercromby Professorship of Archaeology is a chair at the University of Edinburgh. It was endowed in the will of John Abercromby, 5th Baron Abercromby (1841–1924), who left instructions to establish a chair in prehistoric archaeology at the university. With the new post having been advertised, it was filled for the first time in 1927 by V. Gordon Childe. Abercromby's will set out the focus of the chair and requirements of its holder: they should be knowledgeable of the prehistory of Europe and of the Near East, and that the professor would be actively involved in archaeology research.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Harding, Prof. Dennis William, (born 11 April 1940), Abercromby Professor of Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, 1977–2007". Who's Who 2020 . Oxford University Press. 1 December 2019. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U18995.
- 1 2 3 4 "Academic – Professor Dennis Harding". dwharding.com. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 "The tradition of archaeology at Edinburgh". School of History, Classics and Archaeology. The University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- ↑ Harding, Dennis William (1969). The Iron Age of the Upper Thames basin and its further relations to other regions of southern Britain. E-Thesis Online Service (Ph.D). The British Library. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
- ↑ "Professor Dennis Harding – Emeritus Professor of Archaeology, University of Edinburgh 1977-2007". dwharding.com. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
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