Disinae

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Disinae
Disa bracteata (6282985916).jpg
Disa bracteata , formerly Monadenia bracteata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Orchideae
Subtribe: Disinae
Bentham 1881
Genera [1]

Disinae is a subtribe of orchids that has been differently defined and placed in the two classification systems that are currently in use for orchids. Genera Orchidacearum, which is currently the definitive work on orchid taxonomy, delimits Disinae as consisting of two closely related genera, Disa and Schizodium , and it places Disinae in the mostly African tribe Diseae, along with four other subtribes: Brownleeinae, Huttonaeinae, Coryciinae, and Satyriinae. [3] In the classification for orchids that was published by Chase et alii in 2015, Schizodium was placed in synonymy under Disa, while Pachites and Huttonaea were transferred to Disinae. [1] In Genera Orchidacearum, Pachites and Satyrium form the subtribe Satyriinae, and Huttonaea is the sole genus in the subtribe Huttonaeinae. The transfer of Pachites and Huttonaea to Disinae by Chase et alii (2015) was done with considerable doubt, and was based upon uncertainty about the relationships of these two genera. In 2009, a molecular phylogenetic study found only weak statistical support for a sister relationship between Huttonaea and Disa. [4]

Disinae was covered, along with the rest of the tribe Diseae, in volume 2 of Genera Orchidacearum, which was published in 2001. Molecular phylogenetic studies published after 1999 showed that Diseae was paraphyletic over another tribe, Orchideae. [5] Consequently, Chase et alii (2015) combined Diseae and Orchideae into a larger version of Orchideae and included Disinae as one of its subtribes. [1]

The subtribe Disinae was erected by George Bentham in 1881, [6] [7] in preparation for the publication of a new classification of orchids in the 1883 edition of Genera Plantarum (Bentham & Hooker). [8] Using the suffixes of that time for taxonomic rank, he called it subtribe "Diseae" of his now obsolete tribe Ophrydeae.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taxonomy of the Orchidaceae</span>

The taxonomy of the Orchidaceae (orchid family) has evolved slowly during the last 250 years, starting with Carl Linnaeus who in 1753 recognized eight genera. De Jussieu recognized the Orchidaceae as a separate family in his Genera Plantarum in 1789. Olof Swartz recognized 25 genera in 1800. Louis Claude Richard provided us in 1817 with the descriptive terminology of the orchids. (See External links below). The next step was taken in 1830-1840 by John Lindley, who recognized four subfamilies. He is generally recognized as the father of orchid taxonomy. The next important step was taken by George Bentham with a new classification, recognizing subtribes for the first time. This classification was first presented in a paper that Bentham read to the Royal Society in 1881. Then it was published in 1883 in the final volume of Genera Plantarum. The next great contributors were Pfitzer (1887), Schlechter (1926), Mansfeld (1937), Dressler and Dodson (1960), Garay (1960, 1972), Vermeulen (1966), again Dressler (1981). and Burns-Balogh and Funk (1986). Dressler's 1993 book had considerable influence on later work.

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<i>Satyrium</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants belonging to the orchid family

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<i>Disperis</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the orchid family

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<i>Brownleea</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the orchid family

Brownleea is a genus of flowering plants from the family Orchidaceae native to Africa and Madagascar. Eight species are known.

  1. Brownleea coeruleaHarv. ex Lindl.
  2. Brownleea galpiniiBolus
  3. Brownleea graminicolaMcMurtry
  4. Brownleea macrocerasSond.
  5. Brownleea maculataP.J.Cribb
  6. Brownleea mulanjiensisH.P.Linder
  7. Brownleea parvifloraHarv. ex Lindl.
  8. Brownleea recurvataSond.
<i>Pachites</i> Genus of flowering plants belonging to the orchid family

Pachites is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains two known species, both endemic to South Africa. One of these, Pachites appressus, is very rare.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dendrobieae</span> Tribe of orchids

Dendrobieae is a tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae, in the family Orchidaceae. The Dendrobieae are mostly tropical, epiphytic orchids which contain pseudobulbs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orchideae</span> Tribe of orchids

Orchideae is a tribe of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. Historically, it was divided into 2 subtribes, Orchidinae and Habenariinae. The subtribe Orchidinae alone contains about 1,800 species. However, although some phylogenetic studies have established the monophyly of the subtribes, the generic boundaries are unclear, with many genera as traditionally circumscribed being paraphyletic or even polyphyletic. Species of genera such as Habenaria and Platanthera have been placed into both subtribes. A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that both subtribes did form clades, but did not formally recognize Habenariinae, because of missing genera and uncertainty over generic boundaries. The Asian species of Orchideae, in particular, have been subject to repeated changes of generic placement from 2012 onwards.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diseae</span> Tribe of orchids

Diseae is an orchid tribe in the subfamily Orchidoideae. It was recognized in Genera Orchidacearum volume 2, which was published in 2001. It consisted of 12 genera in five subtribes. In molecular phylogenetic studies that were published after 1999, it was shown that Diseae is paraphyletic over the tribe Orchideae. In a classification of orchids that was published in 2015, Diseae was not recognized, but was instead placed in synonymy under Orchideae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coryciinae</span> Subtribe of flowering plants in the orchid family

Coryciinae is a subtribe of orchids that has been differently defined and placed in the two classification systems that are currently in use for orchids. Genera Orchidacearum, which is currently the definitive work on orchid taxonomy, delimits Coryciinae as consisting of five genera: Disperis, Evotella, Ceratandra, Pterygodium, and Corycium, and it places Coryciinae in the mostly African tribe Diseae, along with four other subtribes: Brownleeinae, Huttonaeinae, Disinae, and Satyriinae. The genera of Coryciinae are small to medium in size and the number of species in each genus is as follows: Disperis (78), Pterygodium (19), Corycium (15), Ceratandra (6), and Evotella (1).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thelasiinae</span> Subtribe of orchids

Thelasiinae is an orchid subtribe in the tribe Podochileae.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Mark W. Chase, Kenneth M. Cameron, John V. Freudenstein, Alec M. Pridgeon, Gerardo A. Salazar, Cássio van den Berg, and André Schuiteman. 2015. "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society177(2):151-174. (See External links below).
  2. 1 2 3 Benny Bytebier, Dirk U. Bellstedt, and Hans Peter Linder. 2007. "A molecular phylogeny for the large African orchid genus Disa". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution43(1):75-90. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.014
  3. ↑ Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip J. Cribb, Mark W. Chase, and Finn N. Rasmussen. 1999-2014. Genera Orchidacearum Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-850513-6 (volume 1), ISBN   978-0-19-850710-9 (volume 2), ISBN   978-0-19-850711-6 (volume 3), ISBN   978-0-19-850712-3 (volume 4), ISBN   978-0-19-850713-0 (volume 5), ISBN   978-0-19-964651-7 (volume 6)
  4. ↑ Richard J. Waterman, Anton Pauw, Timothy G. Barraclough, and Vincent Savolainen. 2009. "Pollinators underestimated: A molecular phylogeny reveals widespread floral convergence in oil-secreting orchids (sub-tribe Coryciinae) of the Cape of South Africa". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution51(1):100-110. doi : 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.020.
  5. ↑ Emmanuel J. P. Douzery, Alec M. Pridgeon, Paul Kores, H. P. Linder, Hubert Kurzweil, and Mark W. Chase. 1999. "Molecular phylogenetics of Diseae (Orchidaceae): a contribution from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences". American Journal of Botany86(6):887-899. PDF [ dead link ]
  6. ↑ Disinae in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
  7. ↑ George Bentham. 1881. page 288. In: "Notes on Orchideae". The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 18(110):281-367. (See External links below).
  8. ↑ George Bentham and Joseph Dalton Hooker. 1883. Genera Plantarum (Bentham & Hooker) volume 3, part 2, pages 460-488. L.Reeve & Co.; Williams & Norgate: London, UK. (See External links below).
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