The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation is the national public broadcaster of Turkey, founded in 1964. TRT was for many years the only television and radio provider in Turkey. Before the introduction of commercial radio in 1990, and subsequently commercial television in 1992, it held a monopoly on broadcasting. More recent deregulation of the Turkish television broadcasting market produced analogue cable television. Today, TRT broadcasts around the world, especially in Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Australia.
Islam is the most practiced religion in Turkey. The established presence of Islam in the region that now constitutes modern Turkey dates back to the later half of the 11th century, when the Seljuks started expanding into eastern Anatolia.
The Directorate of Religious Affairs in Turkey is an official state institution established in 1924 by the orders of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk under article 136 of the Constitution of Turkey to carry out some of the administrative duties previously managed by the Shaykh al-Islām, before the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate.
TRT 1 is the first Turkish national television channel, owned by state broadcaster TRT. It was launched on 31 January 1968 as a test broadcast and was officially launched in December 1971. It was the only channel in Turkey until 15 September 1986, when TRT launched its second channel, 2. Kanal. It is also available in Azerbaijan on terrestrial television.
The mass media in Turkey includes a wide variety of domestic and foreign periodicals expressing disparate views, and domestic newspapers are extremely competitive. However, media ownership is concentrated in the hands of a few large private media groups which are typically part of wider conglomerates controlled by wealthy individuals, which limits the views that are presented. In addition, the companies are willing to use their influence to support their owners' wider business interests, including by trying to maintain friendly relations with the government. The media exert a strong influence on public opinion. Censorship in Turkey is also an issue, and in the 2000s Turkey has seen many journalists arrested and writers prosecuted. On Reporters Without Borders' Press Freedom Index it has fallen from being ranked around 100 in 2005 to around 150 in 2013.
Roj TV was an international Kurdish satellite television station broadcasting programmes in the Kurmanji, Sorani and Hewrami dialects of the Kurdish language as well as in Persian, Zaza, Arabic, and Turkish.
The television industry in Turkey includes high-tech program production, transmission and coverage. Turkish Radio and Television Corporation is Turkey's largest and most powerful national television station. As of 1 August 2019, RTÜK states that there a total of 536 television channels in Turkey. Turkey is the world's fastest growing television series exporter and has currently overtaken both Mexico and Brazil as the world's second highest television series exporter after the United States. Turkish television drama has grown in since the early 2000s.
TRT 3 is a Turkish television channel. It mostly broadcasts sport events.
TRT 4 was a Turkish television program. Before 2008, it was a TV station which broadcast cultural and educational programs in Turkey.
TRT INT was a Turkish television station part of the TRT.
Turkey is a secular state in accordance with Article 24 of its constitution. Secularism in Turkey derives from Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's Six Arrows: republicanism, populism, laïcité, reformism, nationalism and statism. The Turkish government imposes some restrictions on Muslims and other religious groups, as well as Muslim religious expression in government offices and state-run institutions, including universities.
Television in the self-declared state of Northern Cyprus consists of nineteen TV channels. These are:
TRT Kurdî is the first national television station that broadcasts in Kurdish dialect of Kurmanji and in Zazaki. On the channels sixth anniversary it changed its name from TRT 6 into TRT Kurdi. The channel has been mostly met with criticism from the Kurdish population in Turkey on various grounds, including accusations of being a mouthpiece for the government. A 2018 survey asking Kurds about TRT Kurdî showed that a majority (59%) did not trust the channel.
TRT Müzik is a Turkish television channel owned and operated by TRT. It broadcasts 24 hours music TV programmes featuring music magazines and talkshows. TRT Müzik can also be watched on TRT 4.
TRT 2 is a Turkish culture and art television channel.
Türkmeneli Televizyonu, or simply Türkmeneli TV, is a television station in Iraq which broadcasts the interests of the Iraqi Turkmen community. It is available on two satellites: Turksat and Nilesat, and broadcasts in the Turkish and Arabic languages. The channel produces a variety of programmes, such as news, documentaries on Iraqi Turkmen history, language, politics, and music.
Radio enjoys numerous listeners in Turkey. There are more than 1000 radio stations in the country. The first radio studio was formed in Turkey in Ankara Radio.
TRT EBA TV is a Turkish world educational television network, owned by state broadcaster TRT. It was launched on 20 March 2020 as a test broadcast and was officially launched on 23 March 2020. The channel was founded following the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey which resulted in all schools moving to distance learning on 16 March. The channel focuses on education and broadcasts school lessons for primary, secondary and high school students through separate channels, which are supported by the digital Eğitim Bilişim Ağı (EBA) system.
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