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The Lakota are a Native American people. Also known as the Teton Sioux,they are one of the three prominent subcultures of the Sioux people. Their current lands are in North and South Dakota. They speak Lakȟótiyapi—the Lakota language,the westernmost of three closely related languages that belong to the Siouan language family.
The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations peoples in North America. The modern Sioux consist of two major divisions based on language divisions:the Dakota and Lakota;collectively they are known as the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ. The term "Sioux" is an exonym created from a French transcription of the Ojibwe term "Nadouessioux",and can refer to any ethnic group within the Great Sioux Nation or to any of the nation's many language dialects.
Sitting Bull was a Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance against United States government policies. He was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him,at a time when authorities feared that he would join the Ghost Dance movement.
The Wounded Knee Massacre,also known as the Battle of Wounded Knee,was a massacre of nearly three hundred Lakota people by soldiers of the United States Army. It occurred on December 29,1890,near Wounded Knee Creek on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota,following a botched attempt to disarm the Lakota camp. The previous day,a detachment of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment commanded by Major Samuel M. Whitside approached Spotted Elk's band of Miniconjou Lakota and 38 Hunkpapa Lakota near Porcupine Butte and escorted them five miles westward to Wounded Knee Creek,where they made camp. The remainder of the 7th Cavalry Regiment,led by Colonel James W. Forsyth,arrived and surrounded the encampment. The regiment was supported by a battery of four Hotchkiss mountain guns. They were responding to concerns of the settlers who were worried the Ghost Dance might be a prelude to an armed attack.
Heȟáka Sápa,commonly known as Black Elk,was a wičháša wakȟáŋ and heyoka of the Oglala Lakota people. He was a second cousin of the war leader Crazy Horse and fought with him in the Battle of Little Bighorn. He survived the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890. He toured and performed in Europe as part of Buffalo Bill's Wild West.
Red Cloud was a leader of the Oglala Lakota from 1868 to 1909. He was one of the most capable Native American opponents whom the United States Army faced in the western territories. He defeated the United States during Red Cloud's War,which was a fight over control of the Powder River Country in northeastern Wyoming and southern Montana. The largest action of the war was the Fetterman Fight,with 81 US soldiers killed;it was the worst military defeat suffered by the US Army on the Great Plains until the Battle of the Little Bighorn 10 years later.
The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation,also called Pine Ridge Agency,is an Oglala Lakota Indian reservation located almost entirely within the U.S. state of South Dakota,with a small portion in Nebraska. Originally included within the territory of the Great Sioux Reservation,Pine Ridge was created by the Act of March 2,1889,25 Stat. 888. in the southwest corner of South Dakota on the Nebraska border. Today it consists of 3,468.85 sq mi (8,984 km2) of land area and is one of the largest reservations in the United States.
Crazy Horse was a Lakota war leader of the Oglala band in the 19th century. He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Native American territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people. His participation in several famous battles of the Black Hills War on the northern Great Plains,among them the Fetterman Fight in 1866,in which he acted as a decoy,and the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876,in which he led a war party to victory,earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people.
He Dog. A member of the Oglala Lakota,He Dog was closely associated with Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876-77.
American Horse was an Oglala Lakota chief,statesman,educator and historian. American Horse is notable in American history as a U.S. Army Indian Scout and a progressive Oglala Lakota leader who promoted friendly associations with whites and education for his people. American Horse opposed Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876-1877 and the Ghost Dance Movement of 1890,and was a Lakota delegate to Washington. American Horse was one of the first Wild Westers with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and a supporter of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School. His record as a councilor of his people and his policy in the new situation that confronted them was manly and consistent and he was known for his eloquence.
The Rosebud Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in South Dakota,United States. It is the home of the federally recognized Rosebud Sioux Tribe,who are Sicangu,a band of Lakota people. The Lakota name Sicangu Oyate translates as the "Burnt Thigh Nation," also known by the French term,the BruléSioux.
The Dakota are a Native American tribe and First Nations band government in North America. They compose two of the three main subcultures of the Sioux people,and are typically divided into the Eastern Dakota and the Western Dakota.
The Oglala are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who,along with the Dakota,make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ. A majority of the Oglala live on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota,the eighth-largest Native American reservation in the United States.
The Republic of Lakotah or Lakotah is a proposed independent republic in North America for the Lakota people. Proposed in 2007 by activist Russell Means,the suggested territory would be enclaved by the borders of the United States,covering thousands of square miles in North Dakota,South Dakota,Nebraska,Wyoming,and Montana. The proposed borders are those of the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie between the United States government and the Lakota. These lands are now occupied by Indian reservations and non-Native settlements. None of the existing Lakota tribal governments support the proposed republic,and they were not consulted about the proposal.
The Crazy Horse Memorial is a mountain monument under construction on privately held land in the Black Hills,in Custer County,South Dakota,United States. It will depict the Oglala Lakota warrior Crazy Horse,riding a horse and pointing to his tribal land. The memorial was commissioned by Henry Standing Bear,a Lakota elder,to be sculpted by Korczak Ziolkowski. It is operated by the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation,a nonprofit organization.
The Great Sioux War of 1876,also known as the Black Hills War,was a series of battles and negotiations that occurred in 1876 and 1877 in an alliance of Lakota Sioux and Northern Cheyenne against the United States. The cause of the war was the desire of the US government to obtain ownership of the Black Hills. Gold had been discovered in the Black Hills,settlers began to encroach onto Native American lands,and the Sioux and the Cheyenne refused to cede ownership. Traditionally,American military and historians place the Lakota at the center of the story,especially because of their numbers,but some Native Americans believe the Cheyenne were the primary target of the American campaign.
Yellow Bear,Mato Ǧí,was an Oglala Lakota leader.
The Black Hills land claim is an ongoing land dispute between Native Americans from the Sioux Nation and the United States government over the Black Hills mountain range in the US states of South Dakota and Wyoming. The land in question was pledged to the Sioux Nation in the Fort Laramie Treaty of April 29,1868,but a few years later illegally seized and the treaty nullified in the Indian Appropriations Bill of 1876 without the tribe's consent. That bill "denied the Sioux all further appropriation and treaty-guaranteed annuities" until they gave up the Black Hills. A Supreme Court case was ruled in favor of the Sioux in 1980. The Sioux have outstanding issues with the ruling and have not collected the funds. As of 2011,the award was worth over $1 billion.
Red Shirt was an Oglala Lakota chief,warrior and statesman. Red Shirt is notable in American history as a U.S. Army Native Scout and a progressive Oglala Lakota leader who promoted friendly associations with whites and education for his people. Red Shirt opposed Crazy Horse during the Great Sioux War of 1876-1877 and the Ghost Dance Movement of 1890,and was a Lakota delegate to Washington in 1880. Red Shirt was one of the first Wild Westers with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and a supporter of the Carlisle Native Industrial School. Red Shirt became an international celebrity Wild Westing with Buffalo Bill's Wild West and his 1887 appearance in England captured the attention of Europeans and presented a progressive image of Native Americans.
The Wágluȟe Band is one of the seven bands of the Oglala Lakota. The Wágluȟe Band is also known as the Loafer Band.
References
- ↑ "Oglala Sioux candidates win state House seat". Indianz.com. 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2019-02-07.
- ↑ "Ed Iron Cloud III's Biography - The Voter's Self Defense System". Vote Smart. Retrieved 2019-02-07.
- ↑ ohtadmin (2009-01-29). "Ed Iron Cloud off to a fast start". Lakota Country Times. Retrieved 2019-02-07.
- ↑ "SDLRC - Edward Iron Cloud, III". Sdlegislature.gov. 1964-08-19. Retrieved 2019-02-07.
- ↑ "One year after Native-owned Tanka Bar had lost nearly everything, the buffalo are on their way back". The Counter. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
- ↑ "The Knife Chief Buffalo Nation". Shoulder to Shoulder. Retrieved 2020-05-23.
- ↑ Ed Iron Cloud - Knife Chief Buffalo Nation , retrieved 2020-05-23